NUR 112 FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 – STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, EXAM
REVIEW & TEST PREP
Order of abdominal assessment - correct answer ✔✔1. observe
2. inspect
3. auscultate
4. palpate
normal for cranial nerves 3,4,6 - correct answer ✔✔EYE MOVEMENT
3 (M-Oculomotor) movement up, down, medial
4(M-Trochlear) looking down
6(M-Abducens) looking side to side
Urine Flow - correct answer ✔✔kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, urethral meatus
A patient has a catheter after surgery. Why? What does anesthesia do to the bladder - correct answer
✔✔it silences the urge to urine
Types of incontinence - correct answer ✔✔overflow, stress, urge, mixed
When palpating a patients bladder, you notice that it is firm. What do you do next? - correct answer
✔✔Ask the patient the last time they voided and how much. Next, bladder scan
If a patient is incontinent, what will their skin look like - correct answer ✔✔Skin will look irritated, red,
with ulcers
stress incontinence - correct answer ✔✔the inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress
such as running, sneezing, laughing, or coughing
Top priorities of catheter - correct answer ✔✔clean catheter every 12 hours, hang on bed frame and
below the bladder, should be emptied at half full
Structure of large intestine in order - correct answer ✔✔Cecum-> Ascending colon-> Transverse->
Descending colon-> Sigmoid-> Rectum
What does black tarry stool indicate - correct answer ✔✔upper GI bleed, or too much iron
Bowel training - correct answer ✔✔Daily routine. Assessing a normal pattern and record of incontinent
times. Helping to toilet at certain times of the day
If you notice blood in ileostomy, what to do next? - correct answer ✔✔report immediately
When giving a Kayexalate enema, what should you check - correct answer ✔✔K level
Report all _____ occult stool - correct answer ✔✔positive
,What do you put on an incontinence patient - correct answer ✔✔barrier cream
What is the top priority for a patient that has C.Diff? - correct answer ✔✔Washing your hands
What does a Guaiac/occult blood test show - correct answer ✔✔If there is any GI bleeding. You must
have 3 positive test results to indicate actual GI bleed
What can opioids do to bowel movements - correct answer ✔✔may cause constipation
How to check reflexes on an infant - correct answer ✔✔rooting, moro, and tonic neck reflex
plantar and palmar grasp
neuro assessment - correct answer ✔✔-perform hand hygiene
-introduce yourself
-identify patient with 2 identifiers
-asses pain level, allergies, and consciousness
-evaluate speech and comprehension
-test function of cranial nerves
-place hand on patients shoulders, while he/she shrugs against resistance have them to squeeze two
fingers
-feet resistance
-observe gait test
-Rhomberg test
-perform hand hygiene
document
How to palpate TMJ - correct answer ✔✔Pads of first 2 fingers in front of the tragi of each ear with
mouth open and closed
What position should you lie patient for enema - correct answer ✔✔Left sims' position
When patient states they are in pain, how and when do you asses pain level - correct answer ✔✔Ask the
patient to rate their pain level on a scale of 1 to 10
after inspecting the abdomen what should be done next - correct answer ✔✔auscultate
What is a normal Romberg test - correct answer ✔✔Patient standing with feet together, arms resting at
the sides, eyes opening/closing
Cranial Nerve 2: Optic - correct answer ✔✔sensory, vision
Cranial Nerve 3: Oculomotor - correct answer ✔✔M; up, down, medial eye muscle movements and
papillary constriction
Cranial Nerve 4: Trochlear - correct answer ✔✔M; down and medial eye muscle movement
Cranial Nerve 6: Abducens - correct answer ✔✔M: lateral eye movement
, Cranial Nerve 7: Facial - correct answer ✔✔Both: sensory- anterior 2/3 taste of tongue
motor- facial muscle movement
Cranial Nerve 8: Vestibulocochlear - correct answer ✔✔S:hearing and balance
Cranial Nerve 11: Accessory - correct answer ✔✔M; shoulder movement and head rotation
Cranial Nerve 12: Hypoglossal - correct answer ✔✔M: movement of tongue
Urinary lab results for specific gravity - correct answer ✔✔1.010-1.025
elevated is dehydration
low is over hydrated
If a patient is complaining of low urine output (oliguria), what to do next? - correct answer ✔✔Assess for
distention
Dysuria - correct answer ✔✔painful or difficult urination
Eliminate fluid and caffeine intake when? - correct answer ✔✔2 hours before bed
Can an unliscensed personnel obtain a urine specimen - correct answer ✔✔Yes
How to stimulate micturition of urination - correct answer ✔✔Turn on water faucet
How to toilet train a patient - correct answer ✔✔Go to restroom on a routine
What does a long term laxative use cause - correct answer ✔✔Bowel movement becomes less
responsive to stimuli (loss of muscle)
Generic name (nonproprietary name) - correct answer ✔✔Name given by the United States Adopted
Names Council
Trade name (proprietary name) - correct answer ✔✔The drug has a registered trademark; use of the
name is restricted by the drug's patent owner (usually the manufacturer)
Pharmacokinetics - correct answer ✔✔what the body does to the drug
first-pass effect - correct answer ✔✔The initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from the
gastrointestinal tract before the drug reaches systemic circulation through the bloodstream. (reduces
bioavailability)
enteral route - correct answer ✔✔movement of drugs from the outside of the body to the inside using
the gastrointestinal tract
Sublingual route of administration - correct answer ✔✔oral administration in which a drug is placed
under the tongue and is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream
buccal route of administration - correct answer ✔✔oral mucosa between cheek and gum
REVIEW & TEST PREP
Order of abdominal assessment - correct answer ✔✔1. observe
2. inspect
3. auscultate
4. palpate
normal for cranial nerves 3,4,6 - correct answer ✔✔EYE MOVEMENT
3 (M-Oculomotor) movement up, down, medial
4(M-Trochlear) looking down
6(M-Abducens) looking side to side
Urine Flow - correct answer ✔✔kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, urethral meatus
A patient has a catheter after surgery. Why? What does anesthesia do to the bladder - correct answer
✔✔it silences the urge to urine
Types of incontinence - correct answer ✔✔overflow, stress, urge, mixed
When palpating a patients bladder, you notice that it is firm. What do you do next? - correct answer
✔✔Ask the patient the last time they voided and how much. Next, bladder scan
If a patient is incontinent, what will their skin look like - correct answer ✔✔Skin will look irritated, red,
with ulcers
stress incontinence - correct answer ✔✔the inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress
such as running, sneezing, laughing, or coughing
Top priorities of catheter - correct answer ✔✔clean catheter every 12 hours, hang on bed frame and
below the bladder, should be emptied at half full
Structure of large intestine in order - correct answer ✔✔Cecum-> Ascending colon-> Transverse->
Descending colon-> Sigmoid-> Rectum
What does black tarry stool indicate - correct answer ✔✔upper GI bleed, or too much iron
Bowel training - correct answer ✔✔Daily routine. Assessing a normal pattern and record of incontinent
times. Helping to toilet at certain times of the day
If you notice blood in ileostomy, what to do next? - correct answer ✔✔report immediately
When giving a Kayexalate enema, what should you check - correct answer ✔✔K level
Report all _____ occult stool - correct answer ✔✔positive
,What do you put on an incontinence patient - correct answer ✔✔barrier cream
What is the top priority for a patient that has C.Diff? - correct answer ✔✔Washing your hands
What does a Guaiac/occult blood test show - correct answer ✔✔If there is any GI bleeding. You must
have 3 positive test results to indicate actual GI bleed
What can opioids do to bowel movements - correct answer ✔✔may cause constipation
How to check reflexes on an infant - correct answer ✔✔rooting, moro, and tonic neck reflex
plantar and palmar grasp
neuro assessment - correct answer ✔✔-perform hand hygiene
-introduce yourself
-identify patient with 2 identifiers
-asses pain level, allergies, and consciousness
-evaluate speech and comprehension
-test function of cranial nerves
-place hand on patients shoulders, while he/she shrugs against resistance have them to squeeze two
fingers
-feet resistance
-observe gait test
-Rhomberg test
-perform hand hygiene
document
How to palpate TMJ - correct answer ✔✔Pads of first 2 fingers in front of the tragi of each ear with
mouth open and closed
What position should you lie patient for enema - correct answer ✔✔Left sims' position
When patient states they are in pain, how and when do you asses pain level - correct answer ✔✔Ask the
patient to rate their pain level on a scale of 1 to 10
after inspecting the abdomen what should be done next - correct answer ✔✔auscultate
What is a normal Romberg test - correct answer ✔✔Patient standing with feet together, arms resting at
the sides, eyes opening/closing
Cranial Nerve 2: Optic - correct answer ✔✔sensory, vision
Cranial Nerve 3: Oculomotor - correct answer ✔✔M; up, down, medial eye muscle movements and
papillary constriction
Cranial Nerve 4: Trochlear - correct answer ✔✔M; down and medial eye muscle movement
Cranial Nerve 6: Abducens - correct answer ✔✔M: lateral eye movement
, Cranial Nerve 7: Facial - correct answer ✔✔Both: sensory- anterior 2/3 taste of tongue
motor- facial muscle movement
Cranial Nerve 8: Vestibulocochlear - correct answer ✔✔S:hearing and balance
Cranial Nerve 11: Accessory - correct answer ✔✔M; shoulder movement and head rotation
Cranial Nerve 12: Hypoglossal - correct answer ✔✔M: movement of tongue
Urinary lab results for specific gravity - correct answer ✔✔1.010-1.025
elevated is dehydration
low is over hydrated
If a patient is complaining of low urine output (oliguria), what to do next? - correct answer ✔✔Assess for
distention
Dysuria - correct answer ✔✔painful or difficult urination
Eliminate fluid and caffeine intake when? - correct answer ✔✔2 hours before bed
Can an unliscensed personnel obtain a urine specimen - correct answer ✔✔Yes
How to stimulate micturition of urination - correct answer ✔✔Turn on water faucet
How to toilet train a patient - correct answer ✔✔Go to restroom on a routine
What does a long term laxative use cause - correct answer ✔✔Bowel movement becomes less
responsive to stimuli (loss of muscle)
Generic name (nonproprietary name) - correct answer ✔✔Name given by the United States Adopted
Names Council
Trade name (proprietary name) - correct answer ✔✔The drug has a registered trademark; use of the
name is restricted by the drug's patent owner (usually the manufacturer)
Pharmacokinetics - correct answer ✔✔what the body does to the drug
first-pass effect - correct answer ✔✔The initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from the
gastrointestinal tract before the drug reaches systemic circulation through the bloodstream. (reduces
bioavailability)
enteral route - correct answer ✔✔movement of drugs from the outside of the body to the inside using
the gastrointestinal tract
Sublingual route of administration - correct answer ✔✔oral administration in which a drug is placed
under the tongue and is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream
buccal route of administration - correct answer ✔✔oral mucosa between cheek and gum
