NURS 110 PROFESSIONAL NURSING
FOUNDATIONS EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. A nurse respects a patient’s decision to refuse chemotherapy despite the family’s wishes.
Which ethical principle is being upheld?
A. Beneficence
B. Justice
C. Autonomy
D. Non-maleficence
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of patients to make their own
decisions about their medical care without their healthcare provider trying to influence the
decision.
2. Which phase of the nursing process involves the nurse identifying patient strengths and
health problems?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
,C. Planning
D. Implementation
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Nursing diagnosis is the clinical judgment about individual,
family, or community responses to actual or potential health problems or life processes.
3. Florence Nightingale’s major contribution to nursing was the emphasis on what?
A. Advanced technology
B. Pharmacology
C. Environmental sanitation
D. Psychological counseling
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Nightingale’s Environmental Theory focused on changing the
patient’s environment (cleanliness, ventilation, light) to facilitate the body’s reparative
processes.
4. A nurse fails to raise the side rails for a confused patient, leading to a fall. This is an
example of:
A. Negligence
B. Battery
C. Assault
, D. Slander
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Negligence is the failure to provide the standard of care that a
reasonably prudent person would have provided in a similar situation.
5. In Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which level must be addressed first in a patient with acute
respiratory distress?
A. Safety and Security
B. Love and Belonging
C. Self-actualization
D. Physiological Needs
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Physiological needs, such as oxygen and circulation, are
foundational and must be met before higher-level needs.
6. Which component of the SBAR communication tool involves the nurse stating the patient’s
current vital signs and mental status?
A. Situation
B. Assessment
C. Background
D. Recommendation
FOUNDATIONS EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. A nurse respects a patient’s decision to refuse chemotherapy despite the family’s wishes.
Which ethical principle is being upheld?
A. Beneficence
B. Justice
C. Autonomy
D. Non-maleficence
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of patients to make their own
decisions about their medical care without their healthcare provider trying to influence the
decision.
2. Which phase of the nursing process involves the nurse identifying patient strengths and
health problems?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
,C. Planning
D. Implementation
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Nursing diagnosis is the clinical judgment about individual,
family, or community responses to actual or potential health problems or life processes.
3. Florence Nightingale’s major contribution to nursing was the emphasis on what?
A. Advanced technology
B. Pharmacology
C. Environmental sanitation
D. Psychological counseling
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Nightingale’s Environmental Theory focused on changing the
patient’s environment (cleanliness, ventilation, light) to facilitate the body’s reparative
processes.
4. A nurse fails to raise the side rails for a confused patient, leading to a fall. This is an
example of:
A. Negligence
B. Battery
C. Assault
, D. Slander
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Negligence is the failure to provide the standard of care that a
reasonably prudent person would have provided in a similar situation.
5. In Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which level must be addressed first in a patient with acute
respiratory distress?
A. Safety and Security
B. Love and Belonging
C. Self-actualization
D. Physiological Needs
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Physiological needs, such as oxygen and circulation, are
foundational and must be met before higher-level needs.
6. Which component of the SBAR communication tool involves the nurse stating the patient’s
current vital signs and mental status?
A. Situation
B. Assessment
C. Background
D. Recommendation
