Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care: A
Patient Case Method
by Julianne Perretta (Author)
1st Edition
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Making Sense of Caring for Kids: A Different Approach to Respiratory Care
I. Fetal Development and Transition to Extrauterine Life
2. Fetal Cardiopulmonary Development
3. Resuscitation of the Newborn During Transition to Extrauterine Life
II. Perinatal Lung Diseases and Complication
4. Respiratory Distress Syndrome
5. Apnea of Prematurity and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
6. Diseases of Full-term infants
III. Common Neonatal Complications
7. Pulmonary Complications
8. Multi-system Complications
IV. Congenital Anomalies
9. Abdominal Defects
10. Airway abnormalities
11. Acyanotic Heart Defects
12. Cyanotic Heart Defects
V. Pediatric Diseases with Respiratory Implications
13. Asthma
14. Cystic Fibrosis
15. Pediatric Pulmonary Diseases
16. Pediatric Infectious Airway Diseases
17. Neuromuscular Disorders
18. Pediatric Accidents with Pulmonary Involvement
19. Pediatric Neurologic Accidents
VI. Ethics and Pediatric Palliative Care
20. Ethics in Perinatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care
21. Palliative and End-of-Life Care
,Test Bank
Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care: A Patient Case
Method, 1st Edition ,Perretta, 2014
MULTIPLE CHOICE
CHAPTER 1: Fetal Development and Physiology
1. The stage of lung development that occurs between 24-28 weeks gestation and is characterized by
the appearance of primitive alveoli is called:
A) Pseudoglandular stage
B) Canalicular stage
C) Saccular stage
D) Alveolar stage
Answer: C) Saccular stage
Rationale: The saccular stage (24-38 weeks) is characterized by the development of primitive alveoli
(saccules). The canalicular stage occurs at 16-24 weeks.
2. During fetal lung development, surfactant production begins at approximately:
A) 16 weeks gestation
B) 20 weeks gestation
C) 24 weeks gestation
D) 32 weeks gestation
Answer: C) 24 weeks gestation
Rationale: Surfactant production begins around 24 weeks gestation, with adequate amounts typically
present by 34-36 weeks.
, 3. Which cells are primarily responsible for surfactant production in the fetal lung?
A) Type I pneumocytes
B) Type II pneumocytes
C) Clara cells
D) Goblet cells
Answer: B) Type II pneumocytes
Rationale: Type II pneumocytes (alveolar cells) synthesize, store, and secrete pulmonary surfactant.
4. The fetal circulation is characterized by which of the following?
A) High pulmonary vascular resistance and low systemic vascular resistance
B) Low pulmonary vascular resistance and high systemic vascular resistance
C) High pulmonary vascular resistance and high systemic vascular resistance
D) Low pulmonary vascular resistance and low systemic vascular resistance
Answer: A) High pulmonary vascular resistance and low systemic vascular resistance
Rationale: In fetal circulation, the lungs are not yet ventilating, so pulmonary vascular resistance is high,
shunting blood away from the lungs.
5. Which of the following structures allows blood to bypass the fetal liver?
A) Foramen ovale
B) Ductus arteriosus
C) Ductus venosus
D) Umbilical vein
Answer: C) Ductus venosus
Patient Case Method
by Julianne Perretta (Author)
1st Edition
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Making Sense of Caring for Kids: A Different Approach to Respiratory Care
I. Fetal Development and Transition to Extrauterine Life
2. Fetal Cardiopulmonary Development
3. Resuscitation of the Newborn During Transition to Extrauterine Life
II. Perinatal Lung Diseases and Complication
4. Respiratory Distress Syndrome
5. Apnea of Prematurity and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
6. Diseases of Full-term infants
III. Common Neonatal Complications
7. Pulmonary Complications
8. Multi-system Complications
IV. Congenital Anomalies
9. Abdominal Defects
10. Airway abnormalities
11. Acyanotic Heart Defects
12. Cyanotic Heart Defects
V. Pediatric Diseases with Respiratory Implications
13. Asthma
14. Cystic Fibrosis
15. Pediatric Pulmonary Diseases
16. Pediatric Infectious Airway Diseases
17. Neuromuscular Disorders
18. Pediatric Accidents with Pulmonary Involvement
19. Pediatric Neurologic Accidents
VI. Ethics and Pediatric Palliative Care
20. Ethics in Perinatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care
21. Palliative and End-of-Life Care
,Test Bank
Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care: A Patient Case
Method, 1st Edition ,Perretta, 2014
MULTIPLE CHOICE
CHAPTER 1: Fetal Development and Physiology
1. The stage of lung development that occurs between 24-28 weeks gestation and is characterized by
the appearance of primitive alveoli is called:
A) Pseudoglandular stage
B) Canalicular stage
C) Saccular stage
D) Alveolar stage
Answer: C) Saccular stage
Rationale: The saccular stage (24-38 weeks) is characterized by the development of primitive alveoli
(saccules). The canalicular stage occurs at 16-24 weeks.
2. During fetal lung development, surfactant production begins at approximately:
A) 16 weeks gestation
B) 20 weeks gestation
C) 24 weeks gestation
D) 32 weeks gestation
Answer: C) 24 weeks gestation
Rationale: Surfactant production begins around 24 weeks gestation, with adequate amounts typically
present by 34-36 weeks.
, 3. Which cells are primarily responsible for surfactant production in the fetal lung?
A) Type I pneumocytes
B) Type II pneumocytes
C) Clara cells
D) Goblet cells
Answer: B) Type II pneumocytes
Rationale: Type II pneumocytes (alveolar cells) synthesize, store, and secrete pulmonary surfactant.
4. The fetal circulation is characterized by which of the following?
A) High pulmonary vascular resistance and low systemic vascular resistance
B) Low pulmonary vascular resistance and high systemic vascular resistance
C) High pulmonary vascular resistance and high systemic vascular resistance
D) Low pulmonary vascular resistance and low systemic vascular resistance
Answer: A) High pulmonary vascular resistance and low systemic vascular resistance
Rationale: In fetal circulation, the lungs are not yet ventilating, so pulmonary vascular resistance is high,
shunting blood away from the lungs.
5. Which of the following structures allows blood to bypass the fetal liver?
A) Foramen ovale
B) Ductus arteriosus
C) Ductus venosus
D) Umbilical vein
Answer: C) Ductus venosus
