South College NSG5442 Exam 1
Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams
Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED
100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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1. Genome - Correct Answer: an individual's total DNA package
2. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) - Correct Answer: a molecule that contains
genetic instructions for the structure and function of all living organisms.
3. 4 bases of DNA - Correct Answer: adenine (A)
cytosine (C)
guanine (G)
thymine (T)
4. Cytogenetics - Correct Answer: study of genetics at the chromosome
level
5. How many chromosomes are in the nucleus of all normal human cells? -
Correct Answer: 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs.
6. 22 pair of the chromosomes are called - Correct Answer: autosomes
,look the same in female and male
7. XX chromosomes - Correct Answer: female
8. XY chromosomes - Correct Answer: male
9. Human somatic cells are - Correct Answer: diploid (23 paired
chromosomes)
10. Diploid cells are - Correct Answer: replicated through the process of
mitosis, which creates two identical daughter cells.
11. Gametes/germline cells (egg and sperm) - Correct Answer: haploid cells
(just 23 chromosomes)
12. Where are gametes produced? - Correct Answer: in the ovary or testes
during meiosis
13. Chromosome with long arm - Correct Answer: (q)
14. Chromosome with a short arm - Correct Answer: (p)
15. Ideogram - Correct Answer: shows a chromosome's size and banding
pattern
,16. Allele - Correct Answer: one of two or more versions of a gene. Each
person inherits two for each gene (one from each parent).
17.Homozygous - Correct Answer: two alleles at any location that are
similar
18. Heterzygous - Correct Answer: alleles that are different
19.An allele is regarded as a mutation when: - Correct Answer: its genetic
variation is found in less than 1% of the population
disease causing variation
20.an allele is regarded as a polymorphism when: - Correct Answer: it is
found in greater than 1% of the population
normal variation, not directly cause disease
21.Point mutations - Correct Answer: single base pair changes
ie, substitutions, deletions, or insertions
22.Deletions - Correct Answer: mutations in which a section of DNA is lost
or deleted
, ie, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and neurofibromatosis I
23.Insertions - Correct Answer: are mutations in which extra base pairs are
inserted into a new place in the DNA, making it longer than it should ber
ie, Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 1A
24.Chromosomes mutations usually result in - Correct Answer: multiorgan,
large effects, such as in Down syndrome, in which individuals can have
neurological, eyes, ears, ortho, cardiac, and others.
25.Single gene disorders - Correct Answer: occur when the mutation
affects one gene. The mutations may be present in one or both
chromosomes
26.What are the 3 Mendelian patterns of inheritances? - Correct Answer:
dominant, recessive, or X-linked
27.Dominant disorders - Correct Answer: caused by the presence of the
gene mutation on just one of the two inherited parental alleles
28.Recessive diseases - Correct Answer: require the presence of the gene
mutation on both of the inherited alleles
Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams
Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED
100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
Instant Download Pdf!!
1. Genome - Correct Answer: an individual's total DNA package
2. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) - Correct Answer: a molecule that contains
genetic instructions for the structure and function of all living organisms.
3. 4 bases of DNA - Correct Answer: adenine (A)
cytosine (C)
guanine (G)
thymine (T)
4. Cytogenetics - Correct Answer: study of genetics at the chromosome
level
5. How many chromosomes are in the nucleus of all normal human cells? -
Correct Answer: 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs.
6. 22 pair of the chromosomes are called - Correct Answer: autosomes
,look the same in female and male
7. XX chromosomes - Correct Answer: female
8. XY chromosomes - Correct Answer: male
9. Human somatic cells are - Correct Answer: diploid (23 paired
chromosomes)
10. Diploid cells are - Correct Answer: replicated through the process of
mitosis, which creates two identical daughter cells.
11. Gametes/germline cells (egg and sperm) - Correct Answer: haploid cells
(just 23 chromosomes)
12. Where are gametes produced? - Correct Answer: in the ovary or testes
during meiosis
13. Chromosome with long arm - Correct Answer: (q)
14. Chromosome with a short arm - Correct Answer: (p)
15. Ideogram - Correct Answer: shows a chromosome's size and banding
pattern
,16. Allele - Correct Answer: one of two or more versions of a gene. Each
person inherits two for each gene (one from each parent).
17.Homozygous - Correct Answer: two alleles at any location that are
similar
18. Heterzygous - Correct Answer: alleles that are different
19.An allele is regarded as a mutation when: - Correct Answer: its genetic
variation is found in less than 1% of the population
disease causing variation
20.an allele is regarded as a polymorphism when: - Correct Answer: it is
found in greater than 1% of the population
normal variation, not directly cause disease
21.Point mutations - Correct Answer: single base pair changes
ie, substitutions, deletions, or insertions
22.Deletions - Correct Answer: mutations in which a section of DNA is lost
or deleted
, ie, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and neurofibromatosis I
23.Insertions - Correct Answer: are mutations in which extra base pairs are
inserted into a new place in the DNA, making it longer than it should ber
ie, Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 1A
24.Chromosomes mutations usually result in - Correct Answer: multiorgan,
large effects, such as in Down syndrome, in which individuals can have
neurological, eyes, ears, ortho, cardiac, and others.
25.Single gene disorders - Correct Answer: occur when the mutation
affects one gene. The mutations may be present in one or both
chromosomes
26.What are the 3 Mendelian patterns of inheritances? - Correct Answer:
dominant, recessive, or X-linked
27.Dominant disorders - Correct Answer: caused by the presence of the
gene mutation on just one of the two inherited parental alleles
28.Recessive diseases - Correct Answer: require the presence of the gene
mutation on both of the inherited alleles
