Advanced 100-Question Practice Exam
2026 | Questions & Answers with
Detailed Rationales | Complete Exam
Prep & Study Guide
1. A commercial rooftop unit has a measured total external static pressure of
1.25 in. w.c., while the manufacturer's maximum rated external static
pressure is 0.80 in. w.c. What is the most appropriate contractor response?
A. Increase blower speed until the rated airflow is obtained
B. Add refrigerant to compensate for the restricted airflow
C. Correct the airflow restriction and reduce external static pressure to within
the manufacturer's allowable range
D. Increase the evaporator superheat setting
Answer: Correct the airflow restriction and reduce external static pressure to
within the manufacturer's allowable range
Rationale: Excessive static pressure can reduce airflow, increase blower loading,
cause coil icing, impair heat transfer, and lead to premature equipment failure.
,The manufacturer's approved operating limits take precedence over simply
increasing blower speed.
2. In a variable-air-volume system, several terminal units are satisfied while
the fan continues operating at high speed. Which control problem should
be investigated first?
A. Low refrigerant charge
B. Faulty or improperly calibrated static-pressure control
C. Excessive condenser subcooling
D. Incorrect compressor oil level
Answer: Faulty or improperly calibrated static-pressure control
Rationale: A VAV system normally reduces fan speed as terminal dampers close
and duct static pressure changes. A faulty static-pressure sensor, setpoint, or
control sequence can cause unnecessary fan operation and energy consumption.
3. A gas furnace operates normally during ignition but shuts down shortly
after the main burners light. The flame sensor signal is below the
manufacturer's required microamp range. What is the most likely cause?
A. High gas pressure
B. Oversized heat exchanger
C. Inadequate flame-sensing current
D. Excessive condenser airflow
Answer: Inadequate flame-sensing current
Rationale: The flame-proving circuit must receive an adequate signal to verify
flame. A contaminated sensor, poor grounding, damaged wiring, or improper
burner/flame characteristics can reduce flame-sensing current and cause safety
shutdown.
4. When commissioning a new air-conditioning system, which measurement
provides the best direct indication that the evaporator is receiving the
intended refrigerant condition?
,A. Condenser fan amperage
B. Compressor discharge temperature alone
C. Superheat or subcooling as specified by the system design and metering
device
D. Supply-air temperature alone
Answer: Superheat or subcooling as specified by the system design and
metering device
Rationale: Refrigerant-side measurements must be interpreted according to the
metering device and manufacturer's charging procedure. Fixed-orifice systems
commonly rely on superheat, while TXV/EEV systems commonly use subcooling
or manufacturer-specific charging procedures.
5. A TXV-equipped system has normal subcooling but unusually high
evaporator superheat. Which condition is most likely?
A. Excessive refrigerant charge
B. Restricted refrigerant flow into the evaporator
C. Excessive evaporator airflow
D. Flooded condenser
Answer: Restricted refrigerant flow into the evaporator
Rationale: Normal subcooling indicates that liquid refrigerant is available at the
condenser outlet, while high superheat indicates insufficient refrigerant
reaching the evaporator. A restricted filter-drier, TXV, liquid line, or other
restriction should be investigated.
6. What is the primary purpose of a liquid-line filter-drier?
A. Increase compressor capacity
B. Increase condenser airflow
C. Remove moisture, acid, and contaminants from the refrigerant circuit
D. Increase suction pressure
Answer: Remove moisture, acid, and contaminants from the refrigerant circuit
, Rationale: Filter-driers protect expansion devices and compressors by removing
moisture and contaminants. Excessive pressure drop across a drier can indicate
restriction and should be evaluated during service.
7. A newly installed split-system heat pump has inadequate heating capacity
during cold weather. Before replacing major components, which item
should be verified?
A. Indoor thermostat color
B. Refrigerant charge, airflow, outdoor coil condition, and defrost operation
C. Condenser paint color
D. Compressor shell insulation only
Answer: Refrigerant charge, airflow, outdoor coil condition, and defrost
operation
Rationale: Heating performance depends on correct refrigerant charge, indoor
and outdoor airflow, coil condition, and proper defrost/control operation. These
fundamentals should be verified before condemning a compressor or reversing
valve.
8. A heat pump remains in cooling mode even when the thermostat calls for
heating. Which component is most directly associated with reversing
refrigerant flow?
A. TXV bulb
B. Liquid receiver
C. Four-way reversing valve
D. Crankcase heater
Answer: Four-way reversing valve
Rationale: The reversing valve changes the direction of refrigerant flow so that
the indoor and outdoor coils exchange their heating and cooling functions.
Solenoid/control problems can prevent proper valve shifting.