AAPD QE Board Review Exam
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What % of children experience caries in PRIMARY dentition ? - CORRECT ANSWER 60%
What % of 5 yo experience caries? - CORRECT ANSWER 40%
What % of 17 yo experience caries? - CORRECT ANSWER 68%
What % of caries in school age children is in the pit and fissure areas? - CORRECT ANSWER
90%
Caries is how many times more likely to be found in low SES families? - CORRECT ANSWER
32x more likely to have caries
High risk dietary practices appear to be established by what age? - CORRECT ANSWER 12
mos
Is ECC associated with breastmilk directly? - CORRECT ANSWER No
What type of breastfeeding leads to caries? - CORRECT ANSWER Ad lib breastfeeding
(>7x/day) after 12 months old is associated with ECC
When does the AAPD recommend weening from breast or bottle? - CORRECT ANSWER 12-
18 mos
What percentage of the US population does not have F in the water? - CORRECT ANSWER
1/3rd
(70% of the US water is fluoridated)
If a child gets sealants, what is their caries reduction? - CORRECT ANSWER 72%
,What is the success of sealants? - CORRECT ANSWER 80-90% for a decade
When was the term "medical home" established? - CORRECT ANSWER 1992
When was the term "dental home" established? - CORRECT ANSWER 2001
When was the AAPD established ? - CORRECT ANSWER 1947
What type of cleaning allows for the best absorption of F? - CORRECT ANSWER rubber cup
and tooth brush were equal, however do not need cleaning before F application.
What is the ideal ppm of F in water? - CORRECT ANSWER 0.7 mm
Need supplementation <0.6 ppm
What is selective polishing? - CORRECT ANSWER Polishing only the teeth that are stained so
that you do not remove the F rich zone unnecessarily from other teeth that are not stained.
What is the % caries reduction with the introduction of F? - CORRECT ANSWER Old: 50%
Now: 25%
How much toothpaste for <3 yo? - CORRECT ANSWER Smear / rice
0.1 mg
How much toothpaste for 3-6 yo? - CORRECT ANSWER Pea
0.25 mg
How much F is in 1 mL of F varnish? - CORRECT ANSWER 22,500 ppm = 22.5 mg / 1mL,
however there is only 0.5 mL in a well, so it is only 11 mg of F.
,Why is F caries protective? - CORRECT ANSWER Enhances remineralization, inhibits
demineralization, inhibits bacteria metabolism (enolase), produces a layer for Ca and F for when the
pH drops to serve as a reservoir.
What is xylitol no cariogenic? - CORRECT ANSWER Not metabolized by oral bacteria
What is the significance of ECC? - CORRECT ANSWER more risk in permanent teeth
What % of children in the US are obese? - CORRECT ANSWER 16.9% (this is a BMI >95%)
What is the significance of weight and periodontal disease? - CORRECT ANSWER In children
17-21 yo, for every kg of increase in body weight and one cm of waist circumference, there was an
increase in periodontal disease
What % of middle and hight school kids use tobacco? - CORRECT ANSWER Middle: 6.7%
High school: 23%
When is smoking and smokeless tobacco use initiated? - CORRECT ANSWER Most in
adolescents, but the average age for first cigarette is 11-12 yo .
What are the risk for infants who are exposed to tobacco? - CORRECT ANSWER Caries,
SIDS, enamel hypoplasia, cognitive deficits, middle ear infections
What age range do you see the most trauma to primary teeth? - CORRECT ANSWER 2-3 yo
What OJ increases dental trauma ? - CORRECT ANSWER >3 mm OJ
What is a Type I mouthguard? - CORRECT ANSWER custom
placed on maxilla, except in Class III
What is the percentage of carbamide peroxide that is used for bleaching? - CORRECT ANSWER
10-38%
, What does carbamide peroxide break down into? - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrogen peroxide
What is stronger? carbide peroxide or hydrogen? - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrogen
What is the percentage of hydrogen peroxide that is used? - CORRECT ANSWER 3-13%
With internal bleaching, what are the consequences? - CORRECT ANSWER External
resorption and ankylosis
What does bleaching interact with periodontal tissue and bone? - CORRECT ANSWER
Carbamide peroxide results in the production of hydroxyl free radicals and this byproduct
interacts with the periodontal tissue and damage the root
What does the CO2 laser cut? - CORRECT ANSWER soft tissue
What does the diode laser cut ? - CORRECT ANSWER soft tissue
When is it safest to remove 3rd molars? - CORRECT ANSWER Middle of the 3rd decade, 25
yo to decrease post op complications
What does the Nd:YAG cut? - CORRECT ANSWER Primarily soft tissue, but if the hard tissue
lesion is pigmented like caries, it can also cut some hard tissue.
What does the Er:YAG laser cut? - CORRECT ANSWER Hard tissue (both, but is used for
hard)
What does codeine metabolize to? - CORRECT ANSWER Morphine
What is codeine not recommended in kids? - CORRECT ANSWER Genetic polymorphism
(some are going to be fast or slow metabolizers)
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What % of children experience caries in PRIMARY dentition ? - CORRECT ANSWER 60%
What % of 5 yo experience caries? - CORRECT ANSWER 40%
What % of 17 yo experience caries? - CORRECT ANSWER 68%
What % of caries in school age children is in the pit and fissure areas? - CORRECT ANSWER
90%
Caries is how many times more likely to be found in low SES families? - CORRECT ANSWER
32x more likely to have caries
High risk dietary practices appear to be established by what age? - CORRECT ANSWER 12
mos
Is ECC associated with breastmilk directly? - CORRECT ANSWER No
What type of breastfeeding leads to caries? - CORRECT ANSWER Ad lib breastfeeding
(>7x/day) after 12 months old is associated with ECC
When does the AAPD recommend weening from breast or bottle? - CORRECT ANSWER 12-
18 mos
What percentage of the US population does not have F in the water? - CORRECT ANSWER
1/3rd
(70% of the US water is fluoridated)
If a child gets sealants, what is their caries reduction? - CORRECT ANSWER 72%
,What is the success of sealants? - CORRECT ANSWER 80-90% for a decade
When was the term "medical home" established? - CORRECT ANSWER 1992
When was the term "dental home" established? - CORRECT ANSWER 2001
When was the AAPD established ? - CORRECT ANSWER 1947
What type of cleaning allows for the best absorption of F? - CORRECT ANSWER rubber cup
and tooth brush were equal, however do not need cleaning before F application.
What is the ideal ppm of F in water? - CORRECT ANSWER 0.7 mm
Need supplementation <0.6 ppm
What is selective polishing? - CORRECT ANSWER Polishing only the teeth that are stained so
that you do not remove the F rich zone unnecessarily from other teeth that are not stained.
What is the % caries reduction with the introduction of F? - CORRECT ANSWER Old: 50%
Now: 25%
How much toothpaste for <3 yo? - CORRECT ANSWER Smear / rice
0.1 mg
How much toothpaste for 3-6 yo? - CORRECT ANSWER Pea
0.25 mg
How much F is in 1 mL of F varnish? - CORRECT ANSWER 22,500 ppm = 22.5 mg / 1mL,
however there is only 0.5 mL in a well, so it is only 11 mg of F.
,Why is F caries protective? - CORRECT ANSWER Enhances remineralization, inhibits
demineralization, inhibits bacteria metabolism (enolase), produces a layer for Ca and F for when the
pH drops to serve as a reservoir.
What is xylitol no cariogenic? - CORRECT ANSWER Not metabolized by oral bacteria
What is the significance of ECC? - CORRECT ANSWER more risk in permanent teeth
What % of children in the US are obese? - CORRECT ANSWER 16.9% (this is a BMI >95%)
What is the significance of weight and periodontal disease? - CORRECT ANSWER In children
17-21 yo, for every kg of increase in body weight and one cm of waist circumference, there was an
increase in periodontal disease
What % of middle and hight school kids use tobacco? - CORRECT ANSWER Middle: 6.7%
High school: 23%
When is smoking and smokeless tobacco use initiated? - CORRECT ANSWER Most in
adolescents, but the average age for first cigarette is 11-12 yo .
What are the risk for infants who are exposed to tobacco? - CORRECT ANSWER Caries,
SIDS, enamel hypoplasia, cognitive deficits, middle ear infections
What age range do you see the most trauma to primary teeth? - CORRECT ANSWER 2-3 yo
What OJ increases dental trauma ? - CORRECT ANSWER >3 mm OJ
What is a Type I mouthguard? - CORRECT ANSWER custom
placed on maxilla, except in Class III
What is the percentage of carbamide peroxide that is used for bleaching? - CORRECT ANSWER
10-38%
, What does carbamide peroxide break down into? - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrogen peroxide
What is stronger? carbide peroxide or hydrogen? - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrogen
What is the percentage of hydrogen peroxide that is used? - CORRECT ANSWER 3-13%
With internal bleaching, what are the consequences? - CORRECT ANSWER External
resorption and ankylosis
What does bleaching interact with periodontal tissue and bone? - CORRECT ANSWER
Carbamide peroxide results in the production of hydroxyl free radicals and this byproduct
interacts with the periodontal tissue and damage the root
What does the CO2 laser cut? - CORRECT ANSWER soft tissue
What does the diode laser cut ? - CORRECT ANSWER soft tissue
When is it safest to remove 3rd molars? - CORRECT ANSWER Middle of the 3rd decade, 25
yo to decrease post op complications
What does the Nd:YAG cut? - CORRECT ANSWER Primarily soft tissue, but if the hard tissue
lesion is pigmented like caries, it can also cut some hard tissue.
What does the Er:YAG laser cut? - CORRECT ANSWER Hard tissue (both, but is used for
hard)
What does codeine metabolize to? - CORRECT ANSWER Morphine
What is codeine not recommended in kids? - CORRECT ANSWER Genetic polymorphism
(some are going to be fast or slow metabolizers)
