GEOG 1300 Final
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ezbh1c
1. Periglacial Cold-climate processes, landforms, and topographic features (INSIDE ground,
not above) along the margins of glaciers, past and present; periglacial charac-
teristics exist on more than 20% of Earth's land surface
2. Periglacial forms Permafrost & ground ice
3. Types of per- Continuous, discontinuous, sporadic, isolated, subsea
mafrost
4. Factors for devel- - T < 0 degrees C for at least 2 years
opment of per- - Fossil permafrost from previous ice ages (still here)
mafrost - Insulating effects of snow & vegetation
5. Permafrost & Cold, wet, usually frozen organic material decomposes anaerobically, produces
methane methane & is stored in permafrost. When permafrost melts, methane released
6. Active layer [of The top layer of soil that melts & refreezes daily or seasonally
permafrost]
7. Continuous per-
mafrost
8. Discontinuous
permafrost
9. Sporadic per-
mafrost
10.
, GEOG 1300 Final
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ezbh1c
Forms of ground - Pore ice
ice - Horizontal lenses & veins
- Segregated ice
- Ice wedge
- Intrusive ice
- Pingo
- Pulsa
- Thurfur
- Patterned ground
- Solifluction lobes
11. Ground ice Distinct zones of frozen water within the ground. As these areas freeze & thaw, they
expand & contract, causing physical weathering
12. Pore ice Water freezes in soil pore spaces
13. Horizontal lenses Ice extending in random directions
& veins
14. Segregated ice Buried but grows when additional water is added
15. Ice wedge Formed when water enters a crack in the gorund
, GEOG 1300 Final
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16. Intrusive ice Forms when water is injected under pressure
17. Pingo A bulging surface overlying intrusive ice. Forms most commonly when a lake with
open talik underneath disappears, an ice lens forms underground, and ground
underneath pushes it up. Will keep growing if there is a constant source of water
but otherwise will remain the same size
18. Palsa Same as a pingo but with layers of water interspersed with layers of peat. Palsas
are associated with peatlands and permafrost environments
19. Thurfur Ice age legacies that are the result of cryoturbation of soil. They are no longer
ice-cored so not technically a permafrost feature but developed in permafrost
cond'ns. Similar size to palsas
20. Patterned Ground showing a pattern of stones, fissures, and vegetation, typically forming
ground polygons, rings, or stripes caused by repeated freezing and thawing moving rocks
around, making convection cells and bringing big rocks up to the surface
21. Solifluction lobes Extended lobes of saturated soil formed by solifluction (basically trying to grow a
pingo or palsa) on a hillside. When water freezes, it comes out perpendicular to
the soil, but comes down vertically when it taws. Downslope movement formed
by freeze-thaw cycling in active layer
, GEOG 1300 Final
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ezbh1c
22. Factors to per- Climate change, change in surface cover, wildfires
mafrost degrada-
tion
23. Equilibrium line The line above which (further north or higher in elevation) accumulation > abla-
tion, and below which ablation > accumulation
24. Tarns Mountain lake or pool, formed in a cirque excavated by a glacier
25. Cirque A bowl-shaped basin carved by a glacier (erosional)
26. Hanging valley A glacially carved tributary valley whose floor lies at a higher elevation than the
floor of the trunk valley. Formed when a cirque or valley glacier flows into another
glacier
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ezbh1c
1. Periglacial Cold-climate processes, landforms, and topographic features (INSIDE ground,
not above) along the margins of glaciers, past and present; periglacial charac-
teristics exist on more than 20% of Earth's land surface
2. Periglacial forms Permafrost & ground ice
3. Types of per- Continuous, discontinuous, sporadic, isolated, subsea
mafrost
4. Factors for devel- - T < 0 degrees C for at least 2 years
opment of per- - Fossil permafrost from previous ice ages (still here)
mafrost - Insulating effects of snow & vegetation
5. Permafrost & Cold, wet, usually frozen organic material decomposes anaerobically, produces
methane methane & is stored in permafrost. When permafrost melts, methane released
6. Active layer [of The top layer of soil that melts & refreezes daily or seasonally
permafrost]
7. Continuous per-
mafrost
8. Discontinuous
permafrost
9. Sporadic per-
mafrost
10.
, GEOG 1300 Final
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ezbh1c
Forms of ground - Pore ice
ice - Horizontal lenses & veins
- Segregated ice
- Ice wedge
- Intrusive ice
- Pingo
- Pulsa
- Thurfur
- Patterned ground
- Solifluction lobes
11. Ground ice Distinct zones of frozen water within the ground. As these areas freeze & thaw, they
expand & contract, causing physical weathering
12. Pore ice Water freezes in soil pore spaces
13. Horizontal lenses Ice extending in random directions
& veins
14. Segregated ice Buried but grows when additional water is added
15. Ice wedge Formed when water enters a crack in the gorund
, GEOG 1300 Final
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ezbh1c
16. Intrusive ice Forms when water is injected under pressure
17. Pingo A bulging surface overlying intrusive ice. Forms most commonly when a lake with
open talik underneath disappears, an ice lens forms underground, and ground
underneath pushes it up. Will keep growing if there is a constant source of water
but otherwise will remain the same size
18. Palsa Same as a pingo but with layers of water interspersed with layers of peat. Palsas
are associated with peatlands and permafrost environments
19. Thurfur Ice age legacies that are the result of cryoturbation of soil. They are no longer
ice-cored so not technically a permafrost feature but developed in permafrost
cond'ns. Similar size to palsas
20. Patterned Ground showing a pattern of stones, fissures, and vegetation, typically forming
ground polygons, rings, or stripes caused by repeated freezing and thawing moving rocks
around, making convection cells and bringing big rocks up to the surface
21. Solifluction lobes Extended lobes of saturated soil formed by solifluction (basically trying to grow a
pingo or palsa) on a hillside. When water freezes, it comes out perpendicular to
the soil, but comes down vertically when it taws. Downslope movement formed
by freeze-thaw cycling in active layer
, GEOG 1300 Final
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ezbh1c
22. Factors to per- Climate change, change in surface cover, wildfires
mafrost degrada-
tion
23. Equilibrium line The line above which (further north or higher in elevation) accumulation > abla-
tion, and below which ablation > accumulation
24. Tarns Mountain lake or pool, formed in a cirque excavated by a glacier
25. Cirque A bowl-shaped basin carved by a glacier (erosional)
26. Hanging valley A glacially carved tributary valley whose floor lies at a higher elevation than the
floor of the trunk valley. Formed when a cirque or valley glacier flows into another
glacier
