Cell_And_Molecular_Biology_Updated_Actual_Questions_And_Correct.pdf

CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS

●● Law of segregation
Answer: Alleles separate during gamete formation


●● Law of independent assortment
Answer: Genes assort independently into gametes


●● Cell cycle
Answer: G1 → S → G2 → Mitosis → Cytokinesis


●● G1 phase
Answer: Cell growth and normal function


●● S phase
Answer: DNA replication occurs and sister chromatids form


●● G2 phase
Answer: Preparation for mitosis

,●● Mitosis
Answer: Produces 2 genetically identical diploid cells


●● Meiosis
Answer: Produces 4 genetically unique haploid cells


●● Mitosis purpose
Answer: Growth and repair


●● Meiosis purpose
Answer: Production of gametes


●● Gametes
Answer: Haploid sex cells


●● Somatic cells
Answer: Diploid body cells


●● Diploid (2n)
Answer: Two sets of chromosomes

, ●● Haploid (n)
Answer: One set of chromosomes


●● Homologous chromosomes
Answer: Chromosome pair with same genes, one from each parent


●● Sister chromatids
Answer: Identical chromosome copies connected by centromere


●● Crossing over
Answer: DNA exchange between homologous chromosomes in prophase
I


●● Independent assortment
Answer: Random alignment of homologous chromosomes in metaphase
I


●● Synapsis
Answer: Pairing of homologous chromosomes in meiosis


●● Bivalent/tetrad
Answer: Paired homologous chromosomes during meiosis I