NURS 311 MIDTERM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
ANSWERS
- Displaced fracture
- Nondisplaced fracture correct answer - (comminuted or oblique)
- (transverse, spiral, or greenstick) --> whether or not the ends of the bones are
together
· Spatial-perceptual problems may be divided into 4 categories correct answer 1.
The patient's incorrect perception of self and illness. This deficit follows damage
to the parietal lobe. Patients may deny their illness or their own body parts.
2. The patient's erroneous perception of self in space. The patient may neglect all
input from the affected side. The patient also has difficulty with spatial
orientation, such as judging distances.
3. Agnosia, the inability to carry out learned sequential movements on command
· Traction is used to correct answer (1) prevent or reduce pain and muscle spasm
associated with low back pain or cervical sprain (e.g., whiplash)
(2) immobilize a joint or part of the body
(3) reduce a fracture or dislocation
(4) treat a pathological joint condition (e.g., tumour, infection)
• Chest tubes may be clamped for < 1 minute correct answer • To change
drainage unit
• To locate an air leak
,• To assess bubbling & fluctuation (tidaling) of the unclamped chest tube
An Implanted Port correct answer § a silicone catheter attached to a metal or
plastic reservoir (port) which has a self-sealing septum for needle access
§ accessed through the skin and septum into the port, with a non-coring needle
§ port may be implanted centrally or peripherally
§ catheter cut to appropriate length at insertion
§ inserted under local anesthetic (general anesthetic for pediatrics) in the OR
Angina Presentation correct answer - caused by a mismatch in the myocardial
oxygen demand and supply, this can be caused by increased activity, or a
blockage
- Chest pain is the classic symptom, but pain can radiate to other areas such as
the arm, jaw, toothache, diaphoresis, N&V, fear, and sense of doom (lack of
oxygen to the brain)
- Chest pain is treated as heart pain until it is ruled out (by an ECG)
Anticoagulant Therapy Options correct answer - Vitamin K antagonists: Warfarin
(long-term use) PO
,- Indirect thrombin inhibitors: Heparin (Unfractionated & LMWH) IV, SC
- Direct thrombin inhibitors: For patients with heparin induced thrombocytopenia,
Hirudin derivatives - Angiomax, Refludan, Synthetic - Argatroban IV
- Factor Xa inhibitors (no bloodwork monitoring): Fondaparinux, Rivoroxaban
- Catheter-administered thrombolytic therapy for VTE: Urokinase, R-tPA, Alteplase
Anticoagulants correct answer - Heparin, low-molecular weight heparin
- Avoid for 24 hours after rtPA treatment
- What are you monitoring for? Bleeding
Aspirin correct answer - Patients with acute ischemic stroke/TIA
- Start within 48 hours of onset, DOSE: 160- 325 mg OD
- Reduces stroke mortality, decreases morbidity
- Contraindications: Allergy, gastrointestinal bleeding
- Other anti platelet medication - depends on pt. (Ex. Plavix)
Assessing a CVC or a PICC correct answer • by aspirating for blood return & then
flushing prior to each intermittent use (administration of medication or infusion)
Assessment in SBAR means correct answer YOUR assessment of situation, most
recent VS, changes in VS or assessments, other things to share or report, is
something off about patient?
, Assessments for stroke correct answer General appearance, Behavior, LOC, GCS,
Ox X3, PERRLA, Dizziness, vision, tremors, Body position, posture, gait, Pain or
headache- PQRSTU, MSK - equal?
Background in SBAR means correct answer Admission date & dx, pertinent
medical hx, current meds, allergies, IV fluids, pertinent labs and lab results, other
info, code status
Bone healing - A correct answer A- Bleeding at broken ends of the bone with
subsequent hematoma formation.
o Starts right away ~ 72hrs
Bone healing - B correct answer B- Organization of hematoma into fibrous
network.
o 3 days - 2 weeks
Bone healing - C correct answer - C- Invasion of osteoblasts, lengthening of
collagen strands, and deposition of
calcium.
o After 2 weeks
Bone healing - D correct answer D- Callus formation: new bone is built up as
osteoclasts destroy dead bone.
o 3 weeks - 6 months
ANSWERS
- Displaced fracture
- Nondisplaced fracture correct answer - (comminuted or oblique)
- (transverse, spiral, or greenstick) --> whether or not the ends of the bones are
together
· Spatial-perceptual problems may be divided into 4 categories correct answer 1.
The patient's incorrect perception of self and illness. This deficit follows damage
to the parietal lobe. Patients may deny their illness or their own body parts.
2. The patient's erroneous perception of self in space. The patient may neglect all
input from the affected side. The patient also has difficulty with spatial
orientation, such as judging distances.
3. Agnosia, the inability to carry out learned sequential movements on command
· Traction is used to correct answer (1) prevent or reduce pain and muscle spasm
associated with low back pain or cervical sprain (e.g., whiplash)
(2) immobilize a joint or part of the body
(3) reduce a fracture or dislocation
(4) treat a pathological joint condition (e.g., tumour, infection)
• Chest tubes may be clamped for < 1 minute correct answer • To change
drainage unit
• To locate an air leak
,• To assess bubbling & fluctuation (tidaling) of the unclamped chest tube
An Implanted Port correct answer § a silicone catheter attached to a metal or
plastic reservoir (port) which has a self-sealing septum for needle access
§ accessed through the skin and septum into the port, with a non-coring needle
§ port may be implanted centrally or peripherally
§ catheter cut to appropriate length at insertion
§ inserted under local anesthetic (general anesthetic for pediatrics) in the OR
Angina Presentation correct answer - caused by a mismatch in the myocardial
oxygen demand and supply, this can be caused by increased activity, or a
blockage
- Chest pain is the classic symptom, but pain can radiate to other areas such as
the arm, jaw, toothache, diaphoresis, N&V, fear, and sense of doom (lack of
oxygen to the brain)
- Chest pain is treated as heart pain until it is ruled out (by an ECG)
Anticoagulant Therapy Options correct answer - Vitamin K antagonists: Warfarin
(long-term use) PO
,- Indirect thrombin inhibitors: Heparin (Unfractionated & LMWH) IV, SC
- Direct thrombin inhibitors: For patients with heparin induced thrombocytopenia,
Hirudin derivatives - Angiomax, Refludan, Synthetic - Argatroban IV
- Factor Xa inhibitors (no bloodwork monitoring): Fondaparinux, Rivoroxaban
- Catheter-administered thrombolytic therapy for VTE: Urokinase, R-tPA, Alteplase
Anticoagulants correct answer - Heparin, low-molecular weight heparin
- Avoid for 24 hours after rtPA treatment
- What are you monitoring for? Bleeding
Aspirin correct answer - Patients with acute ischemic stroke/TIA
- Start within 48 hours of onset, DOSE: 160- 325 mg OD
- Reduces stroke mortality, decreases morbidity
- Contraindications: Allergy, gastrointestinal bleeding
- Other anti platelet medication - depends on pt. (Ex. Plavix)
Assessing a CVC or a PICC correct answer • by aspirating for blood return & then
flushing prior to each intermittent use (administration of medication or infusion)
Assessment in SBAR means correct answer YOUR assessment of situation, most
recent VS, changes in VS or assessments, other things to share or report, is
something off about patient?
, Assessments for stroke correct answer General appearance, Behavior, LOC, GCS,
Ox X3, PERRLA, Dizziness, vision, tremors, Body position, posture, gait, Pain or
headache- PQRSTU, MSK - equal?
Background in SBAR means correct answer Admission date & dx, pertinent
medical hx, current meds, allergies, IV fluids, pertinent labs and lab results, other
info, code status
Bone healing - A correct answer A- Bleeding at broken ends of the bone with
subsequent hematoma formation.
o Starts right away ~ 72hrs
Bone healing - B correct answer B- Organization of hematoma into fibrous
network.
o 3 days - 2 weeks
Bone healing - C correct answer - C- Invasion of osteoblasts, lengthening of
collagen strands, and deposition of
calcium.
o After 2 weeks
Bone healing - D correct answer D- Callus formation: new bone is built up as
osteoclasts destroy dead bone.
o 3 weeks - 6 months
