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NSG 533 Exam 2 – Advanced Pharmacology (Wilkes
University) Advanced/Hard Difficulty | Graduate
Nursing Students Questions 1–200: | 100% Pass
Guaranteed | Graded A+
1. A nurse practitioner is explaining the difference between genetics and genomics to a
colleague. Which statement accurately describes genetics?
A. The molecular analysis of the entire genome of a species
B. The study of inherited traits and their variation in an individual
C. The total genetic composition of an organism or species
D. The study of influences on gene expression without changing DNA sequence
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Genetics focuses on the study of inherited traits and their variation in an
individual, examining specific genes and their effects. Genomics refers to the total genetic
composition of an organism or species, while epigenetics is the study of influences on gene
expression without altering DNA sequence.
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2. A patient asks why some medications work well for her friend but not for her. The nurse
practitioner's best response incorporates which concept?
A. Drug-drug interactions are the primary reason for medication variation
B. Genetic variations affect how individuals metabolize medications
C. Age and weight are the only factors that matter in drug response
D. Brand name medications work better than generic formulations
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Pharmacogenomics explains how genetic variations influence individual
responses to medications, including differences in metabolism, efficacy, and adverse effects.
While drug interactions, age, and weight do affect drug response, genetic factors play a
significant role in explaining inter-individual variation.
3. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are responsible for which primary function in pharmacology?
A. Drug absorption from the gastrointestinal tract
B. Drug distribution to target tissues
C. Drug metabolism, primarily in the liver
D. Drug excretion through the kidneys
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Cytochrome P450 enzymes are a family of enzymes primarily responsible for
drug metabolism in the liver. These enzymes metabolize numerous medications and are a major
source of drug-drug interactions when one drug inhibits or induces CYP450 enzyme activity.
4. A patient is prescribed a medication that is a substrate for CYP2D6. Which of the following
would be a concern for this patient?
A. The medication may have altered absorption if taken with food
B. The patient's genetic polymorphisms may affect drug metabolism and efficacy
C. The medication will be excreted more rapidly through the kidneys
D. The medication will bind extensively to plasma proteins
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: CYP2D6 is highly polymorphic, with genetic variations that affect enzyme
activity. Patients who are poor metabolizers (PMs) may have increased drug levels and toxicity,
while ultrarapid metabolizers (UMs) may have reduced efficacy. This is a key pharmacogenomic
consideration.
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5. A patient with chronic pain is taking Vicodin (hydrocodone/acetaminophen) 5/325 mg
every 6 hours. The patient is 72 years old and has a history of mild hepatic steatosis. What is
the primary concern regarding this patient's medication regimen?
A. The patient may develop renal toxicity from the hydrocodone component
B. The total daily acetaminophen dose should not exceed 3,000 mg in elderly patients
C. The patient is at risk for respiratory depression from the acetaminophen
D. The hydrocodone dose is too low for effective pain management
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: In elderly patients, it is recommended not to exceed 3,000 mg per day of
acetaminophen due to increased risk of hepatotoxicity, especially with chronic use or underlying
liver impairment. Since Vicodin contains both hydrocodone and acetaminophen, the total daily
dose from all sources should be monitored closely.
6. A diabetic patient presents with neuropathic pain and co-existing major depressive
disorder. Which medication could address both conditions?
A. Gabapentin
NSG 533 Exam 2 – Advanced Pharmacology (Wilkes
University) Advanced/Hard Difficulty | Graduate
Nursing Students Questions 1–200: | 100% Pass
Guaranteed | Graded A+
1. A nurse practitioner is explaining the difference between genetics and genomics to a
colleague. Which statement accurately describes genetics?
A. The molecular analysis of the entire genome of a species
B. The study of inherited traits and their variation in an individual
C. The total genetic composition of an organism or species
D. The study of influences on gene expression without changing DNA sequence
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Genetics focuses on the study of inherited traits and their variation in an
individual, examining specific genes and their effects. Genomics refers to the total genetic
composition of an organism or species, while epigenetics is the study of influences on gene
expression without altering DNA sequence.
,2
2. A patient asks why some medications work well for her friend but not for her. The nurse
practitioner's best response incorporates which concept?
A. Drug-drug interactions are the primary reason for medication variation
B. Genetic variations affect how individuals metabolize medications
C. Age and weight are the only factors that matter in drug response
D. Brand name medications work better than generic formulations
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Pharmacogenomics explains how genetic variations influence individual
responses to medications, including differences in metabolism, efficacy, and adverse effects.
While drug interactions, age, and weight do affect drug response, genetic factors play a
significant role in explaining inter-individual variation.
3. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are responsible for which primary function in pharmacology?
A. Drug absorption from the gastrointestinal tract
B. Drug distribution to target tissues
C. Drug metabolism, primarily in the liver
D. Drug excretion through the kidneys
,3
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Cytochrome P450 enzymes are a family of enzymes primarily responsible for
drug metabolism in the liver. These enzymes metabolize numerous medications and are a major
source of drug-drug interactions when one drug inhibits or induces CYP450 enzyme activity.
4. A patient is prescribed a medication that is a substrate for CYP2D6. Which of the following
would be a concern for this patient?
A. The medication may have altered absorption if taken with food
B. The patient's genetic polymorphisms may affect drug metabolism and efficacy
C. The medication will be excreted more rapidly through the kidneys
D. The medication will bind extensively to plasma proteins
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: CYP2D6 is highly polymorphic, with genetic variations that affect enzyme
activity. Patients who are poor metabolizers (PMs) may have increased drug levels and toxicity,
while ultrarapid metabolizers (UMs) may have reduced efficacy. This is a key pharmacogenomic
consideration.
, 4
5. A patient with chronic pain is taking Vicodin (hydrocodone/acetaminophen) 5/325 mg
every 6 hours. The patient is 72 years old and has a history of mild hepatic steatosis. What is
the primary concern regarding this patient's medication regimen?
A. The patient may develop renal toxicity from the hydrocodone component
B. The total daily acetaminophen dose should not exceed 3,000 mg in elderly patients
C. The patient is at risk for respiratory depression from the acetaminophen
D. The hydrocodone dose is too low for effective pain management
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: In elderly patients, it is recommended not to exceed 3,000 mg per day of
acetaminophen due to increased risk of hepatotoxicity, especially with chronic use or underlying
liver impairment. Since Vicodin contains both hydrocodone and acetaminophen, the total daily
dose from all sources should be monitored closely.
6. A diabetic patient presents with neuropathic pain and co-existing major depressive
disorder. Which medication could address both conditions?
A. Gabapentin
