,BIOD 152 Final Exam | Practice Q&A | 2026/2027 | Anatomy | Portage
Learning
1. Which of the following is a function of the nervous system?
A) To produce hormones for long-term regulation
B) To receive and process information and send signals to muscles and
glands
C) To filter waste products from the blood
D) To transport oxygen to body tissues
Correct Answer: To receive and process information and send signals to
muscles and glands
Rationale: The nervous system receives and processes information and
sends out signals to muscles and glands to elicit an appropriate response. In
this way, the nervous system integrates and controls the other body
systems.
2. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of which structures?
A) Brain and cranial nerves
B) Brain and spinal cord
C) Spinal cord and peripheral nerves
D) Cranial nerves and spinal nerves
Correct Answer: Brain and spinal cord
Rationale: The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.
The peripheral nervous system includes all nerves outside the CNS, including
cranial and spinal nerves. This organization is fundamental to understanding
nervous system structure.
,3. A collection of cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system is called a:
A) Nucleus
B) Ganglion
C) Tract
D) Nerve
Correct Answer: Ganglion
Rationale: A ganglion is a collection of cell bodies in the PNS. In the CNS, a
collection of cell bodies is called a nucleus. A tract is a bundle of axons in the
CNS, and a nerve is a bundle of axons in the PNS.
4. A bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system is called a:
A) Ganglion
B) Nucleus
C) Tract
D) Nerve
Correct Answer: Nerve
Rationale: A nerve is a bundle of axons in the PNS. A tract is a bundle of
axons in the CNS. Nuclei are cell body collections in the CNS, and ganglia are
cell body collections in the PNS.
5. The dorsal root of a spinal nerve contains what type of neurons?
A) Motor neurons
B) Sensory neurons
C) Interneurons
, D) Autonomic neurons
Correct Answer: Sensory neurons
Rationale: The dorsal root contains sensory (afferent) neurons that bring
information from the periphery into the spinal cord. The ventral root contains
motor (efferent) neurons.
6. Which division of the autonomic nervous system accelerates the heartbeat
and increases breathing rate?
A) Parasympathetic nervous system
B) Sympathetic nervous system
C) Somatic nervous system
D) Enteric nervous system
Correct Answer: Sympathetic nervous system
Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system accelerates the heartbeat and
increases breathing rate as part of the "fight or flight" response. The
parasympathetic system slows these functions.
7. Which division of the autonomic nervous system increases digestion?
A) Sympathetic nervous system
B) Parasympathetic nervous system
C) Somatic nervous system
D) Central nervous system
Correct Answer: Parasympathetic nervous system
Learning
1. Which of the following is a function of the nervous system?
A) To produce hormones for long-term regulation
B) To receive and process information and send signals to muscles and
glands
C) To filter waste products from the blood
D) To transport oxygen to body tissues
Correct Answer: To receive and process information and send signals to
muscles and glands
Rationale: The nervous system receives and processes information and
sends out signals to muscles and glands to elicit an appropriate response. In
this way, the nervous system integrates and controls the other body
systems.
2. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of which structures?
A) Brain and cranial nerves
B) Brain and spinal cord
C) Spinal cord and peripheral nerves
D) Cranial nerves and spinal nerves
Correct Answer: Brain and spinal cord
Rationale: The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.
The peripheral nervous system includes all nerves outside the CNS, including
cranial and spinal nerves. This organization is fundamental to understanding
nervous system structure.
,3. A collection of cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system is called a:
A) Nucleus
B) Ganglion
C) Tract
D) Nerve
Correct Answer: Ganglion
Rationale: A ganglion is a collection of cell bodies in the PNS. In the CNS, a
collection of cell bodies is called a nucleus. A tract is a bundle of axons in the
CNS, and a nerve is a bundle of axons in the PNS.
4. A bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system is called a:
A) Ganglion
B) Nucleus
C) Tract
D) Nerve
Correct Answer: Nerve
Rationale: A nerve is a bundle of axons in the PNS. A tract is a bundle of
axons in the CNS. Nuclei are cell body collections in the CNS, and ganglia are
cell body collections in the PNS.
5. The dorsal root of a spinal nerve contains what type of neurons?
A) Motor neurons
B) Sensory neurons
C) Interneurons
, D) Autonomic neurons
Correct Answer: Sensory neurons
Rationale: The dorsal root contains sensory (afferent) neurons that bring
information from the periphery into the spinal cord. The ventral root contains
motor (efferent) neurons.
6. Which division of the autonomic nervous system accelerates the heartbeat
and increases breathing rate?
A) Parasympathetic nervous system
B) Sympathetic nervous system
C) Somatic nervous system
D) Enteric nervous system
Correct Answer: Sympathetic nervous system
Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system accelerates the heartbeat and
increases breathing rate as part of the "fight or flight" response. The
parasympathetic system slows these functions.
7. Which division of the autonomic nervous system increases digestion?
A) Sympathetic nervous system
B) Parasympathetic nervous system
C) Somatic nervous system
D) Central nervous system
Correct Answer: Parasympathetic nervous system
