NSG 3600 Pediatric Nursing Exam 4 Review 2026 UPDATE
1. At what age does an infant typically begin to sit unsupported?
A. 8 months
B. 6 months
C. 4 months
D. 10 months
Answer: A
Rationale: Most infants can sit unsupported by 8 months of age. By 6 months, they usually
sit with support.
2. A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old for pain. Which pain scale is most appropriate?
A. Numeric Rating Scale
B. FLACC Scale
C. Visual Analog Scale
D. Wong-Baker FACES Scale
Answer: B
Rationale: The FLACC scale (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) is used for children
aged 2 months to 7 years who cannot communicate their pain level.
,3. A child is suspected of having epiglottitis. Which action should the nurse avoid?
A. Keeping the child in an upright position
B. Providing humidified oxygen
C. Using a tongue blade to visualize the throat
D. Preparing for emergency intubation
Answer: C
Rationale: Using a tongue blade or swab can cause a reflex laryngospasm, leading to
immediate airway obstruction in a child with epiglottitis.
4. What is the primary dietary requirement for a child with Cystic Fibrosis?
A. Low-fat, low-protein diet
B. Pancreatic enzymes with all meals and snacks
C. Fluid restriction
D. Gluten-free diet
Answer: B
Rationale: Due to pancreatic insufficiency, children with CF must take pancreatic enzymes
to absorb fats, proteins, and fat-soluble vitamins.
5. Which liquid is best to administer with an oral iron supplement to enhance absorption?
A. Milk
, B. Water
C. Apple juice
D. Orange juice
Answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin C, found in orange juice, significantly increases the absorption of iron.
Milk should be avoided as it inhibits absorption.
6. A 4-week-old infant presents with projectile vomiting after feedings and a palpable olive-
shaped mass in the epigastrium. What is the likely diagnosis?
A. Pyloric Stenosis
B. Gastroesophageal Reflux
C. Intussusception
D. Hirschsprung’s Disease
Answer: A
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis is characterized by non-bilious projectile vomiting and a
palpable olive-like mass in the right upper quadrant.
7. What type of stool is characteristic of a child with intussusception?
A. Ribbon-like and foul-smelling
B. Steatorrhea (fatty stools)
1. At what age does an infant typically begin to sit unsupported?
A. 8 months
B. 6 months
C. 4 months
D. 10 months
Answer: A
Rationale: Most infants can sit unsupported by 8 months of age. By 6 months, they usually
sit with support.
2. A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old for pain. Which pain scale is most appropriate?
A. Numeric Rating Scale
B. FLACC Scale
C. Visual Analog Scale
D. Wong-Baker FACES Scale
Answer: B
Rationale: The FLACC scale (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) is used for children
aged 2 months to 7 years who cannot communicate their pain level.
,3. A child is suspected of having epiglottitis. Which action should the nurse avoid?
A. Keeping the child in an upright position
B. Providing humidified oxygen
C. Using a tongue blade to visualize the throat
D. Preparing for emergency intubation
Answer: C
Rationale: Using a tongue blade or swab can cause a reflex laryngospasm, leading to
immediate airway obstruction in a child with epiglottitis.
4. What is the primary dietary requirement for a child with Cystic Fibrosis?
A. Low-fat, low-protein diet
B. Pancreatic enzymes with all meals and snacks
C. Fluid restriction
D. Gluten-free diet
Answer: B
Rationale: Due to pancreatic insufficiency, children with CF must take pancreatic enzymes
to absorb fats, proteins, and fat-soluble vitamins.
5. Which liquid is best to administer with an oral iron supplement to enhance absorption?
A. Milk
, B. Water
C. Apple juice
D. Orange juice
Answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin C, found in orange juice, significantly increases the absorption of iron.
Milk should be avoided as it inhibits absorption.
6. A 4-week-old infant presents with projectile vomiting after feedings and a palpable olive-
shaped mass in the epigastrium. What is the likely diagnosis?
A. Pyloric Stenosis
B. Gastroesophageal Reflux
C. Intussusception
D. Hirschsprung’s Disease
Answer: A
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis is characterized by non-bilious projectile vomiting and a
palpable olive-like mass in the right upper quadrant.
7. What type of stool is characteristic of a child with intussusception?
A. Ribbon-like and foul-smelling
B. Steatorrhea (fatty stools)
