ESS 101 B EXAM 2 FINAL PAPER VERIFIED QUESTIONS ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
Question:
The town of Armero
Answer:
was destroyed about a year after initial volcanic activity
Question:
Vesiculation is the process of
Answer:
gas exsolution forming bubbles
Question:
Vesiculation can be caused by
Answer:
cooling, ascent and crystallization
Question:
Caldera forming eruptions:
Answer:
Leave large depressions caused by magma withdrawl
Question:
For Mt. St. Helens since 1980, what has been the most reliable warning of eruptive behavior?
,Answer:
Increasing depth of earthquakes
Question:
Why are lahars so dangerous?
Answer:
They can be triggered by many things and can travel rapidly.
Question:
Should a lahar occur on Mt. Rainier, local inhabitants will have:
Answer:
About 15 minutes to two hours to evacuate.
Question:
One prominent justification for originally declaring Yellowstone a national park was its:
Answer:
abundant and varied hydro-thermal features.
Question:
At Yellowstone, which threat is most likely to occur with no detectable warning?
Answer:
Phreatic explosions
Question:
If an area is built upon former lahar flows, then the danger of future lahars is
Answer:
,primarily dependent upon the age of the source
Question:
Hawaiian lava tubes:
Answer:
are a treacherous source of hidden danger
Question:
What is a kipuka?
Answer:
A surficial area lacking recent lava flow features.
Question:
Potential volcanic activity is assessed by:
Answer:
ground deformation, gas emission and earthquakes
Question:
What is the most effective way to survive a lahar?
Answer:
Get to high ground
Question:
Which of the following does not contribute to instability and collapse of stratovolcanoes such as Mt.
Rainier?
Answer:
thick, heavy lava flow layers
, Question:
The threat from lahars on Mt. Rainier is made worse by what fact?
Answer:
The mountain has more glacial ice than other Cascade volcanoes.
Question:
Compared to the modern High Cascades, subduction-zone volcanism during the period of the West
Cascades was?
Answer:
More extensive and of greater volume.
Question:
What type of advanced warning will a HOT debris avalanche most likely provide?
Answer:
An INCREASE in shallow earthquakes.
Question:
What type of advanced warning will a COLD debris avalanche most likely provide?
Answer:
No significant warning
Question:
Are lahar warning systems installed around Mt. Rainier? What is their effectiveness?
Answer:
Yes and they have a poor record of effectiveness.
Question:
The town of Armero
Answer:
was destroyed about a year after initial volcanic activity
Question:
Vesiculation is the process of
Answer:
gas exsolution forming bubbles
Question:
Vesiculation can be caused by
Answer:
cooling, ascent and crystallization
Question:
Caldera forming eruptions:
Answer:
Leave large depressions caused by magma withdrawl
Question:
For Mt. St. Helens since 1980, what has been the most reliable warning of eruptive behavior?
,Answer:
Increasing depth of earthquakes
Question:
Why are lahars so dangerous?
Answer:
They can be triggered by many things and can travel rapidly.
Question:
Should a lahar occur on Mt. Rainier, local inhabitants will have:
Answer:
About 15 minutes to two hours to evacuate.
Question:
One prominent justification for originally declaring Yellowstone a national park was its:
Answer:
abundant and varied hydro-thermal features.
Question:
At Yellowstone, which threat is most likely to occur with no detectable warning?
Answer:
Phreatic explosions
Question:
If an area is built upon former lahar flows, then the danger of future lahars is
Answer:
,primarily dependent upon the age of the source
Question:
Hawaiian lava tubes:
Answer:
are a treacherous source of hidden danger
Question:
What is a kipuka?
Answer:
A surficial area lacking recent lava flow features.
Question:
Potential volcanic activity is assessed by:
Answer:
ground deformation, gas emission and earthquakes
Question:
What is the most effective way to survive a lahar?
Answer:
Get to high ground
Question:
Which of the following does not contribute to instability and collapse of stratovolcanoes such as Mt.
Rainier?
Answer:
thick, heavy lava flow layers
, Question:
The threat from lahars on Mt. Rainier is made worse by what fact?
Answer:
The mountain has more glacial ice than other Cascade volcanoes.
Question:
Compared to the modern High Cascades, subduction-zone volcanism during the period of the West
Cascades was?
Answer:
More extensive and of greater volume.
Question:
What type of advanced warning will a HOT debris avalanche most likely provide?
Answer:
An INCREASE in shallow earthquakes.
Question:
What type of advanced warning will a COLD debris avalanche most likely provide?
Answer:
No significant warning
Question:
Are lahar warning systems installed around Mt. Rainier? What is their effectiveness?
Answer:
Yes and they have a poor record of effectiveness.
