ASU BIO 181 Exam 2 GRADE A+
Guaranteed Frequently Tested Questions and
Answers Verified Solutions Latest Update
2026/2027
Question:
quorum sensing
Answer:
The ability of bacteria to sense the presence of other bacteria via secreted chemical signals.
Question:
receptor protein
Answer:
Membrane protein that triggers a change in cell activity after binding to a particular substance.
Question:
signaling molecules
Answer:
ligands, neurotransmitters, pheromones, hormones: bind to receptors
Question:
intercellular communication
Answer:
"between cells"
Question:
intracellular communication
,Answer:
"within cells"
Question:
small hydrophobic ligands
Answer:
directly diffuse through the plasma membrane and interact with internal receptors
Question:
hydrophobic ligands
Answer:
water soluble and polar, usually large and won't cross the plasma membrane, bind to extracellular
receptors
Question:
Other Ligands
Answer:
small, non polar, short-half life, can only travel short distances
Question:
internal receptors
Answer:
(intracellular receptors and cytoplasmic receptors) respond to hydrophobic ligands that cross
plasma membrane
Question:
cell surface receptors
Answer:
, (transmembrane receptors, membrane anchored proteins) bind to external ligands, along the plasma
membrane
Question:
signal transduction
Answer:
extracellular signals produce an intracellular response
Question:
ion channel linked receptors
Answer:
binding of ligand on extracellular side causes opening of an ion channel and lets ions into the cell
Question:
g-protein linked receptors
Answer:
ligands bind to a receptor which activates a G protein causing the release of a second messenger
such as cAMP
Question:
enzyme linked receptors
Answer:
(receptor kinase) extracellular binds to signal while intracellular kinase enzyme transfers phosphate
group from ATP to another molecule, one molecule binds to another and adds phosphate group
which allows more proteins to bind and become active, molecules enter nucleus and turn on gene
expression SIGNAL IS AMPLIFIED FROM KINASE TO KINASE
Question:
cyclic AMP (cAMP)
Guaranteed Frequently Tested Questions and
Answers Verified Solutions Latest Update
2026/2027
Question:
quorum sensing
Answer:
The ability of bacteria to sense the presence of other bacteria via secreted chemical signals.
Question:
receptor protein
Answer:
Membrane protein that triggers a change in cell activity after binding to a particular substance.
Question:
signaling molecules
Answer:
ligands, neurotransmitters, pheromones, hormones: bind to receptors
Question:
intercellular communication
Answer:
"between cells"
Question:
intracellular communication
,Answer:
"within cells"
Question:
small hydrophobic ligands
Answer:
directly diffuse through the plasma membrane and interact with internal receptors
Question:
hydrophobic ligands
Answer:
water soluble and polar, usually large and won't cross the plasma membrane, bind to extracellular
receptors
Question:
Other Ligands
Answer:
small, non polar, short-half life, can only travel short distances
Question:
internal receptors
Answer:
(intracellular receptors and cytoplasmic receptors) respond to hydrophobic ligands that cross
plasma membrane
Question:
cell surface receptors
Answer:
, (transmembrane receptors, membrane anchored proteins) bind to external ligands, along the plasma
membrane
Question:
signal transduction
Answer:
extracellular signals produce an intracellular response
Question:
ion channel linked receptors
Answer:
binding of ligand on extracellular side causes opening of an ion channel and lets ions into the cell
Question:
g-protein linked receptors
Answer:
ligands bind to a receptor which activates a G protein causing the release of a second messenger
such as cAMP
Question:
enzyme linked receptors
Answer:
(receptor kinase) extracellular binds to signal while intracellular kinase enzyme transfers phosphate
group from ATP to another molecule, one molecule binds to another and adds phosphate group
which allows more proteins to bind and become active, molecules enter nucleus and turn on gene
expression SIGNAL IS AMPLIFIED FROM KINASE TO KINASE
Question:
cyclic AMP (cAMP)
