Grand Canyon University
LANIF · 613-GSN
★ ★
GCU College of Nursing & Health Care Professions
NSG 316
FIND YOUR PURPOSE
GCU NSG-316 Final Exam — Complete Q&A Review
G I /G U, M US CU LO S K E L E TA L , N E U R O M US CU L A R , S U BSTA N C E A B US E & A B US E
A SS E SS M E N T
INSTITUTION Grand Canyon University COURSE CODE NSG-316
PROGRAM Bachelor of Science in Nursing ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE GCU NSG-316 Final Exam — TOTAL QUESTIONS 100 Questions
Complete Q&A Review
COURSE TITLE Health Assessment & Nursing FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the
Fundamentals Single Best Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question.
▸ Topics include GI/GU assessment, musculoskeletal assessment, neuromuscular assessment, substance
abuse screening, and abuse/neglect assessment.
▸ Correct answers and rationales appear below each question for review purposes.
▸ All content aligns with NSG-316 curriculum competencies.
, SECTION I — GI/GU, MSK, NEURO, SUBSTANCE ABUSE &
Questions 1 – 100
ABUSE ASSESSMENT
1. In what order do you assess the abdomen?
A. Inspection → Palpation → Percussion → Auscultation
B. Inspection → Auscultation → Percussion → Palpation
C. Auscultation → Inspection → Percussion → Palpation
D. Palpation → Percussion → Auscultation → Inspection
CORRECT ANSWER B — Inspection → Auscultation → Percussion → Palpation
RATIONALE The correct order for abdominal assessment is Inspection first, followed by
Auscultation, then Percussion, and finally Palpation. Auscultation is performed
before palpation to prevent altering bowel sounds through physical manipulation
of the abdomen.
2. What does hyperactive bowel sounds indicate?
A. Constipation
B. Diarrhea or early obstruction
C. Peritonitis
D. Ileus
CORRECT ANSWER B — Diarrhea or early obstruction
RATIONALE Hyperactive bowel sounds indicate increased peristalsis, which is commonly seen
in diarrhea or early intestinal obstruction. The increased motility creates louder
and more frequent gurgling sounds.
,3. What does absent bowel sounds indicate?
A. Diarrhea
B. Early obstruction
C. Ileus or late obstruction; must listen for 5 minutes
D. Normal finding
CORRECT ANSWER C — Ileus or late obstruction; must listen for 5 minutes
RATIONALE Absent bowel sounds indicate decreased or absent peristalsis, which is seen in
ileus or late intestinal obstruction. To confirm absent bowel sounds, the nurse
must auscultate for at least 5 minutes in each quadrant.
4. What is rebound tenderness associated with?
A. Appendicitis
B. Peritonitis
C. Ileus
D. Constipation
CORRECT ANSWER B — Peritonitis
RATIONALE Rebound tenderness is associated with peritonitis. When the hand is released
after deep palpation, pain is felt as the abdominal wall rebounds. This indicates
peritoneal irritation and is a sign of inflammation of the peritoneum.
, 5. What is CVA tenderness a sign of?
A. Appendicitis
B. Pyelonephritis or kidney inflammation
C. Peritonitis
D. Gallbladder disease
CORRECT ANSWER B — Pyelonephritis or kidney inflammation
RATIONALE Costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness is a sign of pyelonephritis or kidney
inflammation. The CVA is located at the angle formed by the 12th rib and the
vertebral column; tenderness in this area suggests renal infection or
inflammation.
6. What are normal urine characteristics?
A. Dark amber, strong odor
B. Clear, yellow, no strong odor
C. Cloudy, foul odor
D. Pale, clear, sweet odor
CORRECT ANSWER B — Clear, yellow, no strong odor
RATIONALE Normal urine characteristics are clear, yellow in color, with no strong odor.
Variations in color and clarity may indicate dehydration, infection, or other
pathological conditions.
LANIF · 613-GSN
★ ★
GCU College of Nursing & Health Care Professions
NSG 316
FIND YOUR PURPOSE
GCU NSG-316 Final Exam — Complete Q&A Review
G I /G U, M US CU LO S K E L E TA L , N E U R O M US CU L A R , S U BSTA N C E A B US E & A B US E
A SS E SS M E N T
INSTITUTION Grand Canyon University COURSE CODE NSG-316
PROGRAM Bachelor of Science in Nursing ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE GCU NSG-316 Final Exam — TOTAL QUESTIONS 100 Questions
Complete Q&A Review
COURSE TITLE Health Assessment & Nursing FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the
Fundamentals Single Best Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question.
▸ Topics include GI/GU assessment, musculoskeletal assessment, neuromuscular assessment, substance
abuse screening, and abuse/neglect assessment.
▸ Correct answers and rationales appear below each question for review purposes.
▸ All content aligns with NSG-316 curriculum competencies.
, SECTION I — GI/GU, MSK, NEURO, SUBSTANCE ABUSE &
Questions 1 – 100
ABUSE ASSESSMENT
1. In what order do you assess the abdomen?
A. Inspection → Palpation → Percussion → Auscultation
B. Inspection → Auscultation → Percussion → Palpation
C. Auscultation → Inspection → Percussion → Palpation
D. Palpation → Percussion → Auscultation → Inspection
CORRECT ANSWER B — Inspection → Auscultation → Percussion → Palpation
RATIONALE The correct order for abdominal assessment is Inspection first, followed by
Auscultation, then Percussion, and finally Palpation. Auscultation is performed
before palpation to prevent altering bowel sounds through physical manipulation
of the abdomen.
2. What does hyperactive bowel sounds indicate?
A. Constipation
B. Diarrhea or early obstruction
C. Peritonitis
D. Ileus
CORRECT ANSWER B — Diarrhea or early obstruction
RATIONALE Hyperactive bowel sounds indicate increased peristalsis, which is commonly seen
in diarrhea or early intestinal obstruction. The increased motility creates louder
and more frequent gurgling sounds.
,3. What does absent bowel sounds indicate?
A. Diarrhea
B. Early obstruction
C. Ileus or late obstruction; must listen for 5 minutes
D. Normal finding
CORRECT ANSWER C — Ileus or late obstruction; must listen for 5 minutes
RATIONALE Absent bowel sounds indicate decreased or absent peristalsis, which is seen in
ileus or late intestinal obstruction. To confirm absent bowel sounds, the nurse
must auscultate for at least 5 minutes in each quadrant.
4. What is rebound tenderness associated with?
A. Appendicitis
B. Peritonitis
C. Ileus
D. Constipation
CORRECT ANSWER B — Peritonitis
RATIONALE Rebound tenderness is associated with peritonitis. When the hand is released
after deep palpation, pain is felt as the abdominal wall rebounds. This indicates
peritoneal irritation and is a sign of inflammation of the peritoneum.
, 5. What is CVA tenderness a sign of?
A. Appendicitis
B. Pyelonephritis or kidney inflammation
C. Peritonitis
D. Gallbladder disease
CORRECT ANSWER B — Pyelonephritis or kidney inflammation
RATIONALE Costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness is a sign of pyelonephritis or kidney
inflammation. The CVA is located at the angle formed by the 12th rib and the
vertebral column; tenderness in this area suggests renal infection or
inflammation.
6. What are normal urine characteristics?
A. Dark amber, strong odor
B. Clear, yellow, no strong odor
C. Cloudy, foul odor
D. Pale, clear, sweet odor
CORRECT ANSWER B — Clear, yellow, no strong odor
RATIONALE Normal urine characteristics are clear, yellow in color, with no strong odor.
Variations in color and clarity may indicate dehydration, infection, or other
pathological conditions.
