APUS NURS 440 Final Exam (pdf) | 2026/2027 | Community Health
Nursing Q&A | Nursing
1. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of community-
oriented nursing?
A) To provide direct care to individuals in a hospital setting
B) To preserve, protect, or maintain health to promote the quality of life
C) To treat acute illnesses in community clinics
D) To focus exclusively on the elderly population
Correct Answer: To preserve, protect, or maintain health to promote the
quality of life
Rationale: Community-oriented nursing aims to preserve, protect, or
maintain health and promote quality of life. It is population-focused and
emphasizes health promotion and disease prevention rather than just
treating illness [7†L9-L11][1†L8-L9].
2. Which of the following best defines community health nursing?
A) Care of individuals in hospitals
B) Population-focused care with emphasis on prevention and health
promotion
C) Home care for disabled individuals
D) Emergency response in disasters
Correct Answer: Population-focused care with emphasis on prevention and
health promotion
Rationale: Community health nursing focuses on entire populations, not just
individuals, emphasizing prevention and health promotion [6†L17-L21]. It is a
synthesis of nursing knowledge and public health science [8†L8-L11].
3. What is an aggregate in community health nursing?
A) A group of individuals with similar health needs
B) A collection of people who share common characteristics or interests
,C) A single family unit living in a community
D) A healthcare team working in a community
Correct Answer: A collection of people who share common characteristics or
interests
Rationale: An aggregate is defined as a collection of people who share one or
more personal or environmental characteristics, such as geography or
special interest [7†L12-L14].
4. The core functions of public health are:
A) Assessment, Policy Development, and Assurance
B) Assessment, Planning, and Evaluation
C) Policy Development, Implementation, and Evaluation
D) Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation
Correct Answer: Assessment, Policy Development, and Assurance
Rationale: The three core public health functions are assessment (monitoring
health status), policy development (developing policies and plans), and
assurance (ensuring that services are available and accessible) [7†L17-L18].
5. The primary goal of public health surveillance is to:
A) Monitor hospital admissions
B) Provide data for action to reduce morbidity and mortality
C) Track individual patient compliance
D) Evaluate nursing licensure exams
Correct Answer: Provide data for action to reduce morbidity and mortality
Rationale: Surveillance identifies health problems to guide interventions and
reduce morbidity and mortality [6†L22-L25].
6. Which core public health function involves enforcing laws and regulations?
A) Assessment
,B) Assurance
C) Policy development
D) Evaluation
Correct Answer: Assurance
Rationale: Assurance includes ensuring essential services are available,
including the enforcement of laws and regulations [6†L26-L28].
7. A nurse investigating an E. coli outbreak in a daycare is performing which
role?
A) Counselor
B) Epidemiologist
C) Case manager
D) Educator
Correct Answer: Epidemiologist
Rationale: Outbreak investigation is a core epidemiological function, which
involves identifying the source and implementing control measures [6†L29-
L31].
8. Healthy People 2030/2040 draft updates emphasize:
A) Only infectious disease control
B) Social determinants of health and health equity
C) Eliminating all chronic diseases
D) Privatizing healthcare
Correct Answer: Social determinants of health and health equity
Rationale: Healthy People 2030/2040 focus on upstream factors like social
determinants of health (SDOH) and health equity [6†L32-L35].
9. Which is a tertiary prevention activity?
, A) Immunization clinic
B) Cardiac rehabilitation after MI
C) Nutritional counseling for pregnant women
D) Smoking cessation class
Correct Answer: Cardiac rehabilitation after MI
Rationale: Tertiary prevention reduces disability and promotes rehabilitation
after disease has occurred [6†L35-L38].
10. A community health nurse using epidemiology would most likely:
A) Perform surgery
B) Calculate incidence rates of COVID-19 in a county
C) Prescribe antibiotics
D) Conduct individual psychotherapy
Correct Answer: Calculate incidence rates of COVID-19 in a county
Rationale: Epidemiology involves rates, distribution, and determinants of
disease [6†L39-L42].
11. Which model focuses on the relationship between host, agent, and
environment?
A) Health Belief Model
B) Epidemiological Triangle
C) Transtheoretical Model
D) Social-Ecological Model
Correct Answer: Epidemiological Triangle
Rationale: The epidemiological triangle is a model used to explain the cause
of disease, consisting of an external agent, a susceptible host, and an
environment that brings them together [6†L42-L44].
Nursing Q&A | Nursing
1. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of community-
oriented nursing?
A) To provide direct care to individuals in a hospital setting
B) To preserve, protect, or maintain health to promote the quality of life
C) To treat acute illnesses in community clinics
D) To focus exclusively on the elderly population
Correct Answer: To preserve, protect, or maintain health to promote the
quality of life
Rationale: Community-oriented nursing aims to preserve, protect, or
maintain health and promote quality of life. It is population-focused and
emphasizes health promotion and disease prevention rather than just
treating illness [7†L9-L11][1†L8-L9].
2. Which of the following best defines community health nursing?
A) Care of individuals in hospitals
B) Population-focused care with emphasis on prevention and health
promotion
C) Home care for disabled individuals
D) Emergency response in disasters
Correct Answer: Population-focused care with emphasis on prevention and
health promotion
Rationale: Community health nursing focuses on entire populations, not just
individuals, emphasizing prevention and health promotion [6†L17-L21]. It is a
synthesis of nursing knowledge and public health science [8†L8-L11].
3. What is an aggregate in community health nursing?
A) A group of individuals with similar health needs
B) A collection of people who share common characteristics or interests
,C) A single family unit living in a community
D) A healthcare team working in a community
Correct Answer: A collection of people who share common characteristics or
interests
Rationale: An aggregate is defined as a collection of people who share one or
more personal or environmental characteristics, such as geography or
special interest [7†L12-L14].
4. The core functions of public health are:
A) Assessment, Policy Development, and Assurance
B) Assessment, Planning, and Evaluation
C) Policy Development, Implementation, and Evaluation
D) Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation
Correct Answer: Assessment, Policy Development, and Assurance
Rationale: The three core public health functions are assessment (monitoring
health status), policy development (developing policies and plans), and
assurance (ensuring that services are available and accessible) [7†L17-L18].
5. The primary goal of public health surveillance is to:
A) Monitor hospital admissions
B) Provide data for action to reduce morbidity and mortality
C) Track individual patient compliance
D) Evaluate nursing licensure exams
Correct Answer: Provide data for action to reduce morbidity and mortality
Rationale: Surveillance identifies health problems to guide interventions and
reduce morbidity and mortality [6†L22-L25].
6. Which core public health function involves enforcing laws and regulations?
A) Assessment
,B) Assurance
C) Policy development
D) Evaluation
Correct Answer: Assurance
Rationale: Assurance includes ensuring essential services are available,
including the enforcement of laws and regulations [6†L26-L28].
7. A nurse investigating an E. coli outbreak in a daycare is performing which
role?
A) Counselor
B) Epidemiologist
C) Case manager
D) Educator
Correct Answer: Epidemiologist
Rationale: Outbreak investigation is a core epidemiological function, which
involves identifying the source and implementing control measures [6†L29-
L31].
8. Healthy People 2030/2040 draft updates emphasize:
A) Only infectious disease control
B) Social determinants of health and health equity
C) Eliminating all chronic diseases
D) Privatizing healthcare
Correct Answer: Social determinants of health and health equity
Rationale: Healthy People 2030/2040 focus on upstream factors like social
determinants of health (SDOH) and health equity [6†L32-L35].
9. Which is a tertiary prevention activity?
, A) Immunization clinic
B) Cardiac rehabilitation after MI
C) Nutritional counseling for pregnant women
D) Smoking cessation class
Correct Answer: Cardiac rehabilitation after MI
Rationale: Tertiary prevention reduces disability and promotes rehabilitation
after disease has occurred [6†L35-L38].
10. A community health nurse using epidemiology would most likely:
A) Perform surgery
B) Calculate incidence rates of COVID-19 in a county
C) Prescribe antibiotics
D) Conduct individual psychotherapy
Correct Answer: Calculate incidence rates of COVID-19 in a county
Rationale: Epidemiology involves rates, distribution, and determinants of
disease [6†L39-L42].
11. Which model focuses on the relationship between host, agent, and
environment?
A) Health Belief Model
B) Epidemiological Triangle
C) Transtheoretical Model
D) Social-Ecological Model
Correct Answer: Epidemiological Triangle
Rationale: The epidemiological triangle is a model used to explain the cause
of disease, consisting of an external agent, a susceptible host, and an
environment that brings them together [6†L42-L44].
