APUS NURS 440 Midterm Exam (pdf) | 2026/2027 | Community
Health Nursing Q&A | Nursing
1. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of community-
oriented nursing?
A) To provide direct care to individuals in a hospital setting
B) To preserve, protect, or maintain health to promote the quality of life
C) To treat acute illnesses in community clinics
D) To focus exclusively on the elderly population
Correct Answer: To preserve, protect, or maintain health to promote the
quality of life
Rationale: Community-oriented nursing aims to preserve, protect, or
maintain health and promote quality of life. It is population-focused and
emphasizes health promotion and disease prevention rather than just
treating illness.
2. An aggregate in community health nursing is best defined as:
A) A group of individuals with similar health needs
B) A collection of people who share common characteristics or interests
C) A single family unit living in a community
D) A healthcare team working in a community
Correct Answer: A collection of people who share common characteristics or
interests
Rationale: In community health nursing, an aggregate is a population or
group of individuals who share common characteristics or interests. This
could be defined by geographic location, age, occupation, or health
condition.
3. Which of the following is a key function of community health nursing?
A) Performing surgical procedures
B) Conducting community assessments
,C) Prescribing medications independently
D) Managing hospital finances
Correct Answer: Conducting community assessments
Rationale: Community health nursing involves applying the nursing process
to populations, including assessing community health needs, planning
interventions, and evaluating outcomes. Conducting community
assessments is a core function.
4. Poverty is the strongest determinant of:
A) Educational achievement only
B) Health, societal wellbeing, literacy levels, crime, and safety
C) Political participation
D) Technological advancement
Correct Answer: Health, societal wellbeing, literacy levels, crime, and safety
Rationale: Poverty is a powerful social determinant of health. It is linked to
poor health outcomes, lower literacy levels, higher crime rates, and reduced
social cohesion, affecting overall societal wellbeing.
5. Widespread injustice is more likely and possible in countries with:
A) Strong and transparent governments
B) Weak and corrupt governments
C) High levels of education
D) Universal healthcare systems
Correct Answer: Weak and corrupt governments
Rationale: Weak and corrupt governments are less able to enforce laws and
protect citizens, making widespread injustice more likely. This can perpetuate
poverty and poor health outcomes.
6. Economic poverty is caused by:
,A) Low productivity and a poor resource base
B) High levels of education
C) Strong economic policies
D) Abundant natural resources
Correct Answer: Low productivity and a poor resource base
Rationale: Economic poverty results from low productivity and a poor
resource base, reflected in low income, poor nutrition, and inevitably, poor
health.
7. Sudden hazards such as earthquakes, drought, and war can cause:
A) Chronic poverty
B) Instant and temporary poverty
C) Long-term economic growth
D) Improved health outcomes
Correct Answer: Instant and temporary poverty
Rationale: Natural disasters and conflicts can cause sudden, immediate
poverty in an area. While some of these may be relatively short-lived, they
can have devastating impacts on health.
8. The type of poverty that includes retirees living on small pensions who
lack sufficient income to heat their houses or seek health care is known as:
A) Absolute poverty
B) Hidden poverty
C) New poverty
D) Economic poverty
Correct Answer: Hidden poverty
Rationale: Hidden poverty occurs when individuals, such as retirees on small
pensions, have adequate shelter and food but lack sufficient extra income for
basic needs like heating or healthcare.
, 9. People who are deprived of all the elements necessary to make an
adequately healthy life, lacking access to safe water, shelter, or security, are
experiencing:
A) Economic poverty
B) Hidden poverty
C) New poverty
D) Absolute poverty
Correct Answer: Absolute poverty
Rationale: Absolute poverty is a condition characterized by severe
deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water,
sanitation facilities, health, shelter, and education.
10. The three components of the Human Development Index (HDI) are:
A) Education, average income, and life expectancy at birth
B) Health, wealth, and happiness
C) Employment, housing, and food security
D) Literacy, fertility, and mortality
Correct Answer: Education, average income, and life expectancy at birth
Rationale: The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of
average achievement in key dimensions of human development: a long and
healthy life (life expectancy), being knowledgeable (education), and having a
decent standard of living (income).
11. The Multidimensional Poverty Index includes measures of:
A) Longevity, educational achievement, and various measures of a decent
standard of living
B) Income, employment, and housing
C) Health, wealth, and happiness
Health Nursing Q&A | Nursing
1. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of community-
oriented nursing?
A) To provide direct care to individuals in a hospital setting
B) To preserve, protect, or maintain health to promote the quality of life
C) To treat acute illnesses in community clinics
D) To focus exclusively on the elderly population
Correct Answer: To preserve, protect, or maintain health to promote the
quality of life
Rationale: Community-oriented nursing aims to preserve, protect, or
maintain health and promote quality of life. It is population-focused and
emphasizes health promotion and disease prevention rather than just
treating illness.
2. An aggregate in community health nursing is best defined as:
A) A group of individuals with similar health needs
B) A collection of people who share common characteristics or interests
C) A single family unit living in a community
D) A healthcare team working in a community
Correct Answer: A collection of people who share common characteristics or
interests
Rationale: In community health nursing, an aggregate is a population or
group of individuals who share common characteristics or interests. This
could be defined by geographic location, age, occupation, or health
condition.
3. Which of the following is a key function of community health nursing?
A) Performing surgical procedures
B) Conducting community assessments
,C) Prescribing medications independently
D) Managing hospital finances
Correct Answer: Conducting community assessments
Rationale: Community health nursing involves applying the nursing process
to populations, including assessing community health needs, planning
interventions, and evaluating outcomes. Conducting community
assessments is a core function.
4. Poverty is the strongest determinant of:
A) Educational achievement only
B) Health, societal wellbeing, literacy levels, crime, and safety
C) Political participation
D) Technological advancement
Correct Answer: Health, societal wellbeing, literacy levels, crime, and safety
Rationale: Poverty is a powerful social determinant of health. It is linked to
poor health outcomes, lower literacy levels, higher crime rates, and reduced
social cohesion, affecting overall societal wellbeing.
5. Widespread injustice is more likely and possible in countries with:
A) Strong and transparent governments
B) Weak and corrupt governments
C) High levels of education
D) Universal healthcare systems
Correct Answer: Weak and corrupt governments
Rationale: Weak and corrupt governments are less able to enforce laws and
protect citizens, making widespread injustice more likely. This can perpetuate
poverty and poor health outcomes.
6. Economic poverty is caused by:
,A) Low productivity and a poor resource base
B) High levels of education
C) Strong economic policies
D) Abundant natural resources
Correct Answer: Low productivity and a poor resource base
Rationale: Economic poverty results from low productivity and a poor
resource base, reflected in low income, poor nutrition, and inevitably, poor
health.
7. Sudden hazards such as earthquakes, drought, and war can cause:
A) Chronic poverty
B) Instant and temporary poverty
C) Long-term economic growth
D) Improved health outcomes
Correct Answer: Instant and temporary poverty
Rationale: Natural disasters and conflicts can cause sudden, immediate
poverty in an area. While some of these may be relatively short-lived, they
can have devastating impacts on health.
8. The type of poverty that includes retirees living on small pensions who
lack sufficient income to heat their houses or seek health care is known as:
A) Absolute poverty
B) Hidden poverty
C) New poverty
D) Economic poverty
Correct Answer: Hidden poverty
Rationale: Hidden poverty occurs when individuals, such as retirees on small
pensions, have adequate shelter and food but lack sufficient extra income for
basic needs like heating or healthcare.
, 9. People who are deprived of all the elements necessary to make an
adequately healthy life, lacking access to safe water, shelter, or security, are
experiencing:
A) Economic poverty
B) Hidden poverty
C) New poverty
D) Absolute poverty
Correct Answer: Absolute poverty
Rationale: Absolute poverty is a condition characterized by severe
deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water,
sanitation facilities, health, shelter, and education.
10. The three components of the Human Development Index (HDI) are:
A) Education, average income, and life expectancy at birth
B) Health, wealth, and happiness
C) Employment, housing, and food security
D) Literacy, fertility, and mortality
Correct Answer: Education, average income, and life expectancy at birth
Rationale: The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of
average achievement in key dimensions of human development: a long and
healthy life (life expectancy), being knowledgeable (education), and having a
decent standard of living (income).
11. The Multidimensional Poverty Index includes measures of:
A) Longevity, educational achievement, and various measures of a decent
standard of living
B) Income, employment, and housing
C) Health, wealth, and happiness
