CMA (AAMA) Anatomy & Physiology Practice Exam 2026/2027 | 50+ Questions & Answers | Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Digestive, Nervous, Urinary & Reproductive Systems | AAMA

This CMA (AAMA) Anatomy & Physiology Practice Exam 2026/2027 is a focused 7-page study resource containing 50+ questions with answers for Certified Medical Assistant candidates reviewing anatomy and physiology. The document covers homeostasis, cells and connective tissues, anatomical cavities and regions, directional movements and patient positions, skeletal anatomy, the nervous system, cardiovascular circulation, respiratory physiology, gastrointestinal anatomy, lymphatic structures, urinary function, male and female reproductive anatomy, electrolytes, the endocrine system and hematology. The first page explicitly identifies the material as the MA CMA (AAMA) Anatomy & Physiology Practice Exam 2026/2027 and states that answers and illustrations are provided. The opening questions establish important foundational anatomy and physiology concepts. Students review homeostasis as the body's ability to maintain a stable internal state, erythrocytes as mature cells without nuclei, cartilage as flexible connective tissue associated with joints and osteoblasts in relation to bone rather than infection defense. These introductory questions quickly assess the biological principles needed before progressing into organ-system anatomy. The anatomical terminology, body cavities and movement section covers the cranial, thoracic, abdominal and dorsal regions as well as the mediastinum and epigastric region. Students identify the cranial cavity as containing the pituitary gland and distinguish the thoracic and abdominal cavities as structures separated by the diaphragm. Applied terminology includes flexion of the forearm, abduction of the foot and the prone patient position. These questions reinforce terminology that medical assistants need when documenting examinations, interpreting physician instructions and positioning patients. The skeletal and connective-tissue material includes collagen, cartilage, fractures and major bones. Students identify a closed greenstick fracture, locate the femur relative to the patella and ischium and recognize the fibula as a lower-leg bone when completing an imaging request. These scenarios combine basic anatomical identification with clinical applications relevant to medical assisting practice. The nervous system section reviews neurons, synapses, neurotransmitters, cranial nerves and major brain structures. Students identify narcolepsy as a disorder involving uncontrollable daytime sleep episodes, the synapse as the point at which impulses pass between neurons, acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter and the olfactory nerve as the cranial nerve associated with smell. The hypothalamus is connected with regulation of body temperature, sleep and appetite, integrating neuroanatomy with physiological control. Cardiovascular questions provide concentrated review of heart anatomy, blood flow and circulation. Students locate the carotid pulse, identify the sinoatrial node in the upper wall of the right atrium and trace blood from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries. The resource also reinforces that pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood to the heart. Hematologic and circulatory concepts appear elsewhere through erythrocytes, the spleen and the classification of calcium, potassium and sodium as electrolytes. The respiratory system material connects structural anatomy with pulmonary physiology. Students review the thoracic cage's importance in respiration, changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide between inhaled and exhaled air and gas exchange within the alveoli. The epiglottis is identified as the structure that protects the lower airway during swallowing. Together, these questions provide rapid recall of essential respiratory structures and their functions. The digestive and gastrointestinal system section examines the liver, pancreas, duodenum, ileum, esophageal sphincter, saliva and peristalsis. Students identify gastroesophageal reflux disease in relation to lower esophageal sphincter incompetence, recognize the duodenum as the location where bile enters the gastrointestinal tract and distinguish the ileum from segments of the large intestine. The liver is reviewed for functions involving bilirubin removal and plasma-protein production, while the pancreas is connected with insulin secretion. The exam also covers the lymphatic, urinary and renal systems. The spleen is identified as a lymphoid organ involved in filtering blood, and students review the glomerulus as the capillary cluster within each nephron. Nephrolithiasis is associated with renal calculi, while urine flow is traced from the kidney through the ureter and bladder to the urethra and urethral meatus. These questions provide useful medical terminology alongside functional anatomy. The male and female reproductive systems receive targeted review through clinically relevant structures and functions. Students identify the urethra as a common specimen site for gonococcal cultures in men, the prostate as surrounding the urethra near the bladder neck and the testes as the source of male sex hormones. Female reproductive questions cover Bartholin glands and identify the fallopian tube as the usual site of fertilization. The final questions address endocrine physiology, electrolytes and hematology. The pituitary is identified as the traditional “master gland” of the endocrine system, while calcium, potassium and sodium are classified as electrolytes. Pernicious anemia is connected with vitamin B12 treatment. These topics extend the practice exam across additional systems commonly tested in foundational CMA anatomy and physiology review. The subject matter corresponds broadly with anatomy and physiology content found in standard medical assisting references and foundational A&P textbooks, including OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology 2e and commonly used comprehensive texts such as Marieb and Hoehn's Human Anatomy & Physiology. For certification preparation, students should use the document as an active-recall question bank alongside current AAMA examination resources, their assigned medical assisting textbook and instructor materials, particularly because third-party practice questions may occasionally contain simplified or outdated terminology. Relevant students: This document is most relevant to CMA (AAMA) candidates, Certified Medical Assistant students, medical assisting program students and allied-health learners who need focused anatomy and physiology practice before a certification or course examination. It is particularly useful for students reviewing anatomical terminology, skeletal anatomy, cardiovascular circulation, respiratory physiology, nervous-system structures, gastrointestinal anatomy, urinary function, reproductive anatomy, endocrine concepts and hematology. No specific university or college is identified in the uploaded document, so an institution has not been fabricated in the title. 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