,NUR155/NUR 155 Foundations of Nursing Exam 4 |
1. The nurse understands the unique ability of a patient to understand and integrate health-related
knowledge is known by which term?
A) Formal patient education
B) Health literacy
C) Informal patient education
D) Primary education
Correct Answer: Health literacy
Rationale: Health literacy is the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information
and services needed to make appropriate health decisions. It goes beyond reading ability and
encompasses the patient's ability to comprehend and integrate health-related knowledge into their
daily lives. Formal and informal patient education refer to teaching methods, while primary education
refers to early schooling, making health literacy the correct concept.
2. A nurse is implementing a patient teaching plan regarding diabetes mellitus. One of the short-term
goals of the plan is that the patient will be able to verbalize three symptoms of hypoglycemia. The nurse
recognizes that this is which type of teaching?
A) Psychomotor teaching
B) Cognitive teaching
C) Affective teaching
D) VARK teaching
Correct Answer: Cognitive teaching
Rationale: Cognitive teaching involves the acquisition of knowledge and intellectual skills. When a
patient is asked to verbalize symptoms, they are demonstrating cognitive learning. Psychomotor
teaching involves physical skills, affective teaching involves attitudes and feelings, and VARK is a learning
styles model, making cognitive teaching the correct answer.
3. The nurse is preparing to administer a buccal medication. Which of the following actions is correct?
,A) Place the medication under the tongue
B) Place the medication against the inner cheek
C) Have the patient swallow the medication
D) Administer the medication with a glass of water
Correct Answer: Place the medication against the inner cheek
Rationale: Buccal medications are placed against the inner cheek (mucosa) and allowed to dissolve. They
are absorbed through the mucous membranes. Sublingual medications are placed under the tongue,
and swallowing or administering with water is for oral medications, making the inner cheek the correct
placement.
4. A patient is prescribed a medication via the sublingual route. The nurse correctly administers this
medication by:
A) Placing it against the inner cheek
B) Placing it under the tongue
C) Having the patient swallow it whole
D) Crushing it and mixing it with applesauce
Correct Answer: Placing it under the tongue
Rationale: Sublingual administration involves placing the medication under the tongue, where it
dissolves and is absorbed through the rich blood supply. Buccal is against the cheek, oral is swallowed,
and crushing may alter absorption, making the sublingual placement correct.
5. The nurse is preparing to administer a topical medication. Which of the following is a correct nursing
action?
A) Apply the medication to intact skin only
B) Apply the medication to broken skin for better absorption
C) Apply the medication with bare hands to ensure full coverage
D) Apply a thick layer of medication to maximize effect
, Correct Answer: Apply the medication to intact skin only
Rationale: Topical medications should be applied to intact skin unless otherwise prescribed. Broken skin
can increase systemic absorption and risk of infection. Gloves should be used to avoid absorption into
the nurse's skin, and a thick layer is not necessarily more effective.
6. A nurse is administering an intradermal injection. Which of the following is a correct characteristic of
this route?
A) It is injected into the muscle tissue
B) It is injected into the subcutaneous tissue
C) It is injected into the dermis just under the epidermis
D) It is injected directly into the bloodstream
Correct Answer: It is injected into the dermis just under the epidermis
Rationale: Intradermal (ID) injections are shallow injections into the dermal layer just under the
epidermis. They are used for local anesthetics, allergy testing, and TB testing. Subcutaneous is into the
fat layer, intramuscular is into the muscle, and intravenous is into the bloodstream.
7. The nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection. Which of the following is a common
site for this route?
A) Ventrogluteal
B) Deltoid
C) Abdomen
D) Vastus lateralis
Correct Answer: Abdomen
Rationale: Subcutaneous injections are administered into the layer of fat below the dermis. Common
sites include the abdomen, lateral upper arm, and thigh. The ventrogluteal, deltoid, and vastus lateralis
are intramuscular sites.
1. The nurse understands the unique ability of a patient to understand and integrate health-related
knowledge is known by which term?
A) Formal patient education
B) Health literacy
C) Informal patient education
D) Primary education
Correct Answer: Health literacy
Rationale: Health literacy is the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information
and services needed to make appropriate health decisions. It goes beyond reading ability and
encompasses the patient's ability to comprehend and integrate health-related knowledge into their
daily lives. Formal and informal patient education refer to teaching methods, while primary education
refers to early schooling, making health literacy the correct concept.
2. A nurse is implementing a patient teaching plan regarding diabetes mellitus. One of the short-term
goals of the plan is that the patient will be able to verbalize three symptoms of hypoglycemia. The nurse
recognizes that this is which type of teaching?
A) Psychomotor teaching
B) Cognitive teaching
C) Affective teaching
D) VARK teaching
Correct Answer: Cognitive teaching
Rationale: Cognitive teaching involves the acquisition of knowledge and intellectual skills. When a
patient is asked to verbalize symptoms, they are demonstrating cognitive learning. Psychomotor
teaching involves physical skills, affective teaching involves attitudes and feelings, and VARK is a learning
styles model, making cognitive teaching the correct answer.
3. The nurse is preparing to administer a buccal medication. Which of the following actions is correct?
,A) Place the medication under the tongue
B) Place the medication against the inner cheek
C) Have the patient swallow the medication
D) Administer the medication with a glass of water
Correct Answer: Place the medication against the inner cheek
Rationale: Buccal medications are placed against the inner cheek (mucosa) and allowed to dissolve. They
are absorbed through the mucous membranes. Sublingual medications are placed under the tongue,
and swallowing or administering with water is for oral medications, making the inner cheek the correct
placement.
4. A patient is prescribed a medication via the sublingual route. The nurse correctly administers this
medication by:
A) Placing it against the inner cheek
B) Placing it under the tongue
C) Having the patient swallow it whole
D) Crushing it and mixing it with applesauce
Correct Answer: Placing it under the tongue
Rationale: Sublingual administration involves placing the medication under the tongue, where it
dissolves and is absorbed through the rich blood supply. Buccal is against the cheek, oral is swallowed,
and crushing may alter absorption, making the sublingual placement correct.
5. The nurse is preparing to administer a topical medication. Which of the following is a correct nursing
action?
A) Apply the medication to intact skin only
B) Apply the medication to broken skin for better absorption
C) Apply the medication with bare hands to ensure full coverage
D) Apply a thick layer of medication to maximize effect
, Correct Answer: Apply the medication to intact skin only
Rationale: Topical medications should be applied to intact skin unless otherwise prescribed. Broken skin
can increase systemic absorption and risk of infection. Gloves should be used to avoid absorption into
the nurse's skin, and a thick layer is not necessarily more effective.
6. A nurse is administering an intradermal injection. Which of the following is a correct characteristic of
this route?
A) It is injected into the muscle tissue
B) It is injected into the subcutaneous tissue
C) It is injected into the dermis just under the epidermis
D) It is injected directly into the bloodstream
Correct Answer: It is injected into the dermis just under the epidermis
Rationale: Intradermal (ID) injections are shallow injections into the dermal layer just under the
epidermis. They are used for local anesthetics, allergy testing, and TB testing. Subcutaneous is into the
fat layer, intramuscular is into the muscle, and intravenous is into the bloodstream.
7. The nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection. Which of the following is a common
site for this route?
A) Ventrogluteal
B) Deltoid
C) Abdomen
D) Vastus lateralis
Correct Answer: Abdomen
Rationale: Subcutaneous injections are administered into the layer of fat below the dermis. Common
sites include the abdomen, lateral upper arm, and thigh. The ventrogluteal, deltoid, and vastus lateralis
are intramuscular sites.
