JOMC 486 EXAM 1 CERTIFICATION
EVALUATION SOLVED QUESTIONS
●● What is the full definition of biological evolution?
Answer: Change in allele frequencies in a population over time
●● Does evolution occur in individuals?
Answer: No it occurs in populations over generations
●● What is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Answer: A model where allele frequencies remain constant and no
evolution occurs
●● What type of population does Hardy-Weinberg describe?
Answer: An ideal non-evolving population
●● What are the Hardy-Weinberg equations?
Answer: p + q = 1 and p² + 2pq + q² = 1
●● What does p represent?
Answer: Frequency of dominant allele
,●● What does q represent?
Answer: Frequency of recessive allele
●● What does p² represent?
Answer: Homozygous dominant genotype
●● What does q² represent?
Answer: Homozygous recessive genotype
●● What does 2pq represent?
Answer: Heterozygous genotype
●● Difference between the two HW equations?
Answer: p+q=1 is allele frequency while p²+2pq+q²=1 is genotype
frequency
●● What are the five assumptions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Answer: No mutation no gene flow random mating large population no
natural selection
●● If q = 0.2 what is heterozygous frequency?
Answer: 2pq = 2(0.8)(0.2) = 0.32
, ●● If 25% show recessive phenotype what is q?
Answer: q² = 0.25 so q = 0.5
●● What is allele frequency of A if q = 0.5?
Answer: p = 0.5
●● If 64 out of 100 peas are white what is q?
Answer: q² = 0.64 so q = 0.8
●● What are the five agents of evolution?
Answer: Mutation gene flow genetic drift nonrandom mating natural
selection
●● Difference between genetic drift and gene flow?
Answer: Drift is random change gene flow is movement between
populations
●● Example of genetic drift?
Answer: Bottleneck or founder effect
●● Example of gene flow?
Answer: Migration of individuals or gametes
EVALUATION SOLVED QUESTIONS
●● What is the full definition of biological evolution?
Answer: Change in allele frequencies in a population over time
●● Does evolution occur in individuals?
Answer: No it occurs in populations over generations
●● What is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Answer: A model where allele frequencies remain constant and no
evolution occurs
●● What type of population does Hardy-Weinberg describe?
Answer: An ideal non-evolving population
●● What are the Hardy-Weinberg equations?
Answer: p + q = 1 and p² + 2pq + q² = 1
●● What does p represent?
Answer: Frequency of dominant allele
,●● What does q represent?
Answer: Frequency of recessive allele
●● What does p² represent?
Answer: Homozygous dominant genotype
●● What does q² represent?
Answer: Homozygous recessive genotype
●● What does 2pq represent?
Answer: Heterozygous genotype
●● Difference between the two HW equations?
Answer: p+q=1 is allele frequency while p²+2pq+q²=1 is genotype
frequency
●● What are the five assumptions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Answer: No mutation no gene flow random mating large population no
natural selection
●● If q = 0.2 what is heterozygous frequency?
Answer: 2pq = 2(0.8)(0.2) = 0.32
, ●● If 25% show recessive phenotype what is q?
Answer: q² = 0.25 so q = 0.5
●● What is allele frequency of A if q = 0.5?
Answer: p = 0.5
●● If 64 out of 100 peas are white what is q?
Answer: q² = 0.64 so q = 0.8
●● What are the five agents of evolution?
Answer: Mutation gene flow genetic drift nonrandom mating natural
selection
●● Difference between genetic drift and gene flow?
Answer: Drift is random change gene flow is movement between
populations
●● Example of genetic drift?
Answer: Bottleneck or founder effect
●● Example of gene flow?
Answer: Migration of individuals or gametes
