NUR 600 Final Exam |Study Questions and Answers| 2026 Update
Signs and symptoms of renal calculi - (answer)• Renal Colic (+ CVA Tenderness), intense flank pain
• Severe pain (+/- Nausea and Vomiting)
• Hematuria, cloudy urine, painful urination
• Urinary retention
incontinence - (answer)inability to control bladder and/or bowels
Types of incontinence - (answer)1. Stress
Loss of small amounts of urine from increased abdominal pressure without bladder muscle contraction
with laughing, sneezing, or lifting.
2. Urge
Inability to stop urine flow long enough to reach the bathroom due to an overactive detrusor muscle
with increased bladder pressure,
3. Overflow
Urinary retention from bladder over-distention and frequent loss of small amounts of urine due to
obstruction of the urinary outlet or an impaired detrusor muscle.
4. Reflex
Involuntary loss of a moderate amount of urine usually without warning due to hyperrflexia, of the
detrusor muscle, usually from spinal cord dysfunction.
5. Functional
Loss of urine due to factors that interfere with responding to the need to urinate such as cognitive,
mobility, and environmental barriers.
6. Total
Unpredictable, involuntary loss of urine that generally does not respond to treatment,
, NUR 600 Final Exam |Study Questions and Answers| 2026 Update
Tests to diagnose incontinence - (answer)Urinalysis, Bladder Diary, Post void residual measurement,
cystoscopy, Ultrasound
Treatment for incontinence - (answer)-bladder training
-scheduled toileting
-fluid/diet management
-pelvic muscle exercises (stress and urge)
-pharmacological interventions
-surgery
Patient education for incontinence - (answer)Urinate only every 3 to 6 hours to "re-train" your bladder.
Know that consumption of diuretics, antidepressants, antihistamines, and cough-cold preparations
exacerbates urinary incontinence.
Eat fruits, vegetables, and whole grains daily to prevent constipation.
Stop smoking (nicotine irritates the bladder).
Patient education for urolethiasis - (answer)Limit the amount of salt (sodium) in your diet. Eat a balanced
diet that is not too high in protein. Limit foods that are high in a substance called oxalate, which can
cause kidney stones. These foods include dark green vegetables, rhubarb, chocolate, wheat bran, nuts,
cranberries, and beans.
Treatment for BPH - (answer)TURP (transurethral resection of the prostate)
terazosin (Hytrin), doxazosin (Cardura), tamsulosin (Flomax), alfuzosin (Uroxatral), and silodosin
(Rapaflo).
Prostatic Urethral Lift or Water Vapor Therapy
Symptoms of erectile dysfunction - (answer)being able to get an erection sometimes, but not every time
you want to have sex.
being able to get an erection, but not having it last long enough for sex.
being unable to get an erection at any time.
Signs and symptoms of renal calculi - (answer)• Renal Colic (+ CVA Tenderness), intense flank pain
• Severe pain (+/- Nausea and Vomiting)
• Hematuria, cloudy urine, painful urination
• Urinary retention
incontinence - (answer)inability to control bladder and/or bowels
Types of incontinence - (answer)1. Stress
Loss of small amounts of urine from increased abdominal pressure without bladder muscle contraction
with laughing, sneezing, or lifting.
2. Urge
Inability to stop urine flow long enough to reach the bathroom due to an overactive detrusor muscle
with increased bladder pressure,
3. Overflow
Urinary retention from bladder over-distention and frequent loss of small amounts of urine due to
obstruction of the urinary outlet or an impaired detrusor muscle.
4. Reflex
Involuntary loss of a moderate amount of urine usually without warning due to hyperrflexia, of the
detrusor muscle, usually from spinal cord dysfunction.
5. Functional
Loss of urine due to factors that interfere with responding to the need to urinate such as cognitive,
mobility, and environmental barriers.
6. Total
Unpredictable, involuntary loss of urine that generally does not respond to treatment,
, NUR 600 Final Exam |Study Questions and Answers| 2026 Update
Tests to diagnose incontinence - (answer)Urinalysis, Bladder Diary, Post void residual measurement,
cystoscopy, Ultrasound
Treatment for incontinence - (answer)-bladder training
-scheduled toileting
-fluid/diet management
-pelvic muscle exercises (stress and urge)
-pharmacological interventions
-surgery
Patient education for incontinence - (answer)Urinate only every 3 to 6 hours to "re-train" your bladder.
Know that consumption of diuretics, antidepressants, antihistamines, and cough-cold preparations
exacerbates urinary incontinence.
Eat fruits, vegetables, and whole grains daily to prevent constipation.
Stop smoking (nicotine irritates the bladder).
Patient education for urolethiasis - (answer)Limit the amount of salt (sodium) in your diet. Eat a balanced
diet that is not too high in protein. Limit foods that are high in a substance called oxalate, which can
cause kidney stones. These foods include dark green vegetables, rhubarb, chocolate, wheat bran, nuts,
cranberries, and beans.
Treatment for BPH - (answer)TURP (transurethral resection of the prostate)
terazosin (Hytrin), doxazosin (Cardura), tamsulosin (Flomax), alfuzosin (Uroxatral), and silodosin
(Rapaflo).
Prostatic Urethral Lift or Water Vapor Therapy
Symptoms of erectile dysfunction - (answer)being able to get an erection sometimes, but not every time
you want to have sex.
being able to get an erection, but not having it last long enough for sex.
being unable to get an erection at any time.
