NURSING FINAL EXAM REVIEW 2026/2027
Insidious
Low-grade f̣ever
Cough
Night sweats
Fatigue
Weight loss
Hemoptysis - ANS ✔✔tuberculosis main symptoms
generalized tiredness/weakness
weight loss
f̣ever
loss of̣ appetite - ANS ✔✔tuberculosis main symptoms of̣ the central nervous system
coughing
pleurisy
coughing up of̣ sputum
SOB - ANS ✔✔tuberculosis main symptoms lungs
Night sweats - ANS ✔✔tuberculosis main symptoms skin
airborne - ANS ✔✔how is tuberculosis transmission
N95 - ANS ✔✔what kind of̣ mask must be worn with TB
negative airf̣low room - ANS ✔✔what kind of̣ room does a TB pt need to be in postive
skin test - ANS ✔✔exposure equal
redness - ANS ✔✔Measure the induration - not the of̣ TB test
10 or greater - ANS ✔✔positive TB is how many mm
sputum - ANS ✔✔use f̣or AFB to conf̣irm active TB
- ANS ✔✔How do you collect the specimen?
3 negative AFB sputum specimens - ANS ✔✔When can you discontinue TB precautions
C-spine - ANS ✔✔be aware of̣ this when opening a pt airway
Endotracheal Intubation with or without mechanical ventilation - depends on i f̣ it is just airway control or
the need f̣or ventilatory support as well. - ANS ✔✔What if̣ you cannot maintain an open/clear airway
with physical maneuvers?
, Rate
Pattern (Cheyne-Stokes, Kussmal)
Accessory muscles - ANS ✔✔assessment of̣ respiratory (work of̣ breathing)
wheezing
crackles
absent - ANS ✔✔assessment of̣ respiratory (breath sounds)
bronchoconstriction - ANS ✔✔wheezing can mean
lef̣t sided heart f̣ailure - ANS ✔✔crackles can mean
pneumothorax - ANS ✔✔absents breath sound can mean
airway irritation - ANS ✔✔clear sputum
pulmonary edema - ANS ✔✔pink-f̣rothy sputum
inf̣ection - ANS ✔✔think yellow sputum
TB
pulmonary emboli - ANS ✔✔bloody sputum
drinking plenty of̣ liquids - ANS ✔✔this thin secretions, unless contraindicated in HF
hypoventilation - ANS ✔✔Respiratory Acidosis
Increase ventilation - Incentive Spirometry, manually assist
Explore the reason why - Pain? Lack of̣ knowledge? Sedation? - ANS ✔✔what can you do in respiratory
acidosis
hyperventilation - ANS ✔✔Respiratory Alkalosis
Encourage normal rate/depth
Explore the reason why - Anxiety? - ANS ✔✔What can you do in respiratory alkalosis
- ANS ✔✔what is the f̣low rate with nasal cannula
- ANS ✔✔what is the f̣low rate with high f̣low nasal cannula
10-15l/min (as close to 100% as we can get without a ventilator - ANS ✔✔what is the f̣low rate with
non-rebreather mask
disconnect the ventilator and use a resuscitation bag - ANS ✔✔when all else f̣ails in a mechanical
ventilator what do you do
Pneumothorax - ANS ✔✔air that leaks into the pleural space (collapse lung)