TEST BANK
,Table of contents
Chapter 1 - Cellular Biology ___________________________________________________________ 3
Chapter 2 - Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology Environmental Agents 16 Chapter 3 - The Cellular
Environment Fluids and Electrolytes Acids and
Bases ______________________________________________________________________________ 28
Chapter 4 - Genes and Genetic Diseases __________________________________________________ 41
Chapter 5 - Genes Environment-Lifestyle and Common Diseases _______________________________ 51
Chapter 6 - Epigenetics and Disease ______________________________________________________ 59
Chapter 7 - Innate Immunity Inflammation __________________________________________________ 64
Chapter 8 - Adaptive Immunity ___________________________________________________________ 78
Chapter 9 - Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation _______________________________________ 89
Chapter 10 - Infection ________________________________________________________________ 102
Chapter 11 - Stress and Disease _______________________________________________________ 110
Chapter 12 - Cancer Biology___________________________________________________________ 117
Chapter 13 - Cancer Epidemiology ______________________________________________________ 129
Chapter 14 - Cancer in Children ________________________________________________________ 135
Chapter 15 - Structure and Function of the Neurologic System ________________________________ 140
Chapter 16 - Pain Temperature Regulation Sleep and Sensory Function 151 Chapter 17 - Alterations in
Cognitive Systems Cerebral Hemodynamics and
Motor Function _____________________________________________________________________ 165
Chapter 18 - Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and
the Neuromuscular Junction ___________________________________________________________ 179
Chapter 19 - Neurobiology of Schizophrenia Mood Disorders and Anxiety Disorders 189
Chapter 20 - Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children __________________________________ 195
Chapter 21 - Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation 202
Chapter 22 - Alterations of Hormonal Regulation ___________________________________________ 211
Chapter 23 - Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition NEW _______________________________________ 223
Chapter 24 - Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems _____________________________ 228
Chapter 25 - Alterations of the Female Reproductive System _________________________________ 237
Chapter 26 - Alterations of the Male Reproductive System ___________________________________ 246
,Chapter 27 - Sexually Transmitted Infections ___________________________ 252
Chapter 28 - Structure and Function of the Hematologic System ___________ 260
Chapter 29 - Alterations of Erythrocyte Platelet and Hemostatic Function ____ 270
Chapter 30 - Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function _____________ 280
Chapter 31 - Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children ______________ 287
Chapter 32 - Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic
Systems _______________________________________________________ 297
Chapter 33 - Alterations of Cardiovascular Function _____________________ 309
Chapter 34 - Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children ____________ 323
Chapter 35 - Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System _____________ 331
Chapter 36 - Alterations of Pulmonary Function _________________________ 341
Chapter 37 - Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children _______________ 357
Chapter 38 - Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems _____ 365
Chapter 39 - Alterations of Renal and Urinary Function ___________________ 375
Chapter 40 - Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children _____ 385
Chapter 41 - Structure and Function of the Digestive System ______________ 393
Chapter 42 - Alterations of Digestive Function __________________________ 404
Chapter 43 - Alterations of Digestive Function in Children _________________ 415
Chapter 44 - Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System_________ 424
Chapter 45 - Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function ____________________ 436
Chapter 46 - Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children ___________ 448
Chapter 47 - Structure Function and Disorders of the Integument ___________ 457
Chapter 48 - Alterations of the Integument in Children____________________ 468
Chapter 49 - Shock Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome and Burns in
Adults _________________________________________________________ 476
Chapter 50 - Shock Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome and Burns in
Children ________________________________________________________ 483
, Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular
metabolic absorption.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most
of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its
activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes
function as the intracellular digestive system.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B
,Table of contents
Chapter 1 - Cellular Biology ___________________________________________________________ 3
Chapter 2 - Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology Environmental Agents 16 Chapter 3 - The Cellular
Environment Fluids and Electrolytes Acids and
Bases ______________________________________________________________________________ 28
Chapter 4 - Genes and Genetic Diseases __________________________________________________ 41
Chapter 5 - Genes Environment-Lifestyle and Common Diseases _______________________________ 51
Chapter 6 - Epigenetics and Disease ______________________________________________________ 59
Chapter 7 - Innate Immunity Inflammation __________________________________________________ 64
Chapter 8 - Adaptive Immunity ___________________________________________________________ 78
Chapter 9 - Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation _______________________________________ 89
Chapter 10 - Infection ________________________________________________________________ 102
Chapter 11 - Stress and Disease _______________________________________________________ 110
Chapter 12 - Cancer Biology___________________________________________________________ 117
Chapter 13 - Cancer Epidemiology ______________________________________________________ 129
Chapter 14 - Cancer in Children ________________________________________________________ 135
Chapter 15 - Structure and Function of the Neurologic System ________________________________ 140
Chapter 16 - Pain Temperature Regulation Sleep and Sensory Function 151 Chapter 17 - Alterations in
Cognitive Systems Cerebral Hemodynamics and
Motor Function _____________________________________________________________________ 165
Chapter 18 - Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and
the Neuromuscular Junction ___________________________________________________________ 179
Chapter 19 - Neurobiology of Schizophrenia Mood Disorders and Anxiety Disorders 189
Chapter 20 - Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children __________________________________ 195
Chapter 21 - Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation 202
Chapter 22 - Alterations of Hormonal Regulation ___________________________________________ 211
Chapter 23 - Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition NEW _______________________________________ 223
Chapter 24 - Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems _____________________________ 228
Chapter 25 - Alterations of the Female Reproductive System _________________________________ 237
Chapter 26 - Alterations of the Male Reproductive System ___________________________________ 246
,Chapter 27 - Sexually Transmitted Infections ___________________________ 252
Chapter 28 - Structure and Function of the Hematologic System ___________ 260
Chapter 29 - Alterations of Erythrocyte Platelet and Hemostatic Function ____ 270
Chapter 30 - Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function _____________ 280
Chapter 31 - Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children ______________ 287
Chapter 32 - Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic
Systems _______________________________________________________ 297
Chapter 33 - Alterations of Cardiovascular Function _____________________ 309
Chapter 34 - Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children ____________ 323
Chapter 35 - Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System _____________ 331
Chapter 36 - Alterations of Pulmonary Function _________________________ 341
Chapter 37 - Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children _______________ 357
Chapter 38 - Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems _____ 365
Chapter 39 - Alterations of Renal and Urinary Function ___________________ 375
Chapter 40 - Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children _____ 385
Chapter 41 - Structure and Function of the Digestive System ______________ 393
Chapter 42 - Alterations of Digestive Function __________________________ 404
Chapter 43 - Alterations of Digestive Function in Children _________________ 415
Chapter 44 - Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System_________ 424
Chapter 45 - Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function ____________________ 436
Chapter 46 - Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children ___________ 448
Chapter 47 - Structure Function and Disorders of the Integument ___________ 457
Chapter 48 - Alterations of the Integument in Children____________________ 468
Chapter 49 - Shock Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome and Burns in
Adults _________________________________________________________ 476
Chapter 50 - Shock Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome and Burns in
Children ________________________________________________________ 483
, Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular
metabolic absorption.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most
of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its
activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes
function as the intracellular digestive system.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B
