MHA 708 Exam 1 Prep PDF 2026 | Questions & Correct
Answers | Graded A+
1. If a public health initiative aims to reduce smoking rates, which health-related
behavior should it also promote to improve overall health outcomes?
Ignoring dietary habits.
Exercise and diet.
Reduced access to healthcare.
Increased smoking.
2. According to the Americans with Disabilities Act, what is the definition of
disability?
Intellectual, hearing, speech, language, visual, emotional, orthopedic
impairment, autism, traumatic brain injury, learning disability, deaf
blindness, or multiple disabilities or health impairments that require
special education or related services.
Intellectual, hearing, speech or learning impairments that require
accommodations
Physical, mental or cognitive impairment
Physical, mental or cognitive impairment that substantially limits
one or more life functions or activities
3. Describe the significance of stakeholders in the formulation of health policy.
Stakeholders are only involved in the implementation of health
policies.
Stakeholders have no impact on health policy decisions.
Stakeholders are limited to healthcare professionals.
, Stakeholders influence the development of health policy through
their interests and needs, impacting health outcomes.
4. What are the five domains that contribute to the multiple determinants of
health?
1) Social and economic environment, 2) Physical environment, 3)
Genetics and epigenetics, 4) Medical care, 5) Health-related
behaviors
1) Economic environment, 2) Physical health, 3) Genetic factors, 4)
Healthcare services, 5) Behavioral choices
1) Social environment, 2) Economic environment, 3) Lifestyle choices,
4) Medical care, 5) Environmental factors
1) Social factors, 2) Economic status, 3) Genetic predisposition, 4)
Healthcare access, 5) Personal habits
5. If a government implements an allocative health policy to provide free
vaccinations to low-income families, what is the intended outcome of this
policy?
Enhanced health education programs for the general public
Reduction of healthcare costs for all citizens
Increased regulation of healthcare providers
Improved access to healthcare services for vulnerable populations
6. What is the definition of reverse causality in health determinants?
Reverse causality means that determinants of health always affect
health status.
Reverse causality is the idea that health policies have no impact on
health outcomes.
, Reverse causality indicates that only social factors determine health
outcomes.
Reverse causality refers to the concept that health status can
influence determinants of health, such as how illness can affect
income.
7. A QALY (Quality Adjusted Life Year) is which of the following?
1 year of life taken off (adjusted) due to lack of quality
1 extra year of life perceived as a quality year
1 year of life in perfect health
1 year of life when someone makes a full-time income
8. What is life expectancy?
It is how long one can expect to live with chronic disease.
It is how long one can expect to live after going into a coma.
It is the number of years one actually lives.
It is the number of years one can expect to live at birth.
9. If a country experiences a significant increase in its GDP, what might this
indicate about its economic health?
The country is likely experiencing economic growth.
The country is facing a recession.
The country is reducing its production capacity.
The country has increased its unemployment rate.
, 10. A 66-year-old individual with a disability is seeking health insurance. Which
program would they qualify for based on their age and disability status?
Private insurance
Medicare
Medicaid
Employer-sponsored insurance
11. In a health policy analysis, if a new treatment increases QALY for patients with
a chronic illness, what implication does this have for health policy decisions?
It indicates that the treatment is not effective for any patient.
It suggests that the treatment may be a cost-effective option for
improving population health.
It shows that QALY is not a useful measure in health policy.
It implies that the treatment should be avoided due to high costs.
12. The agency relationship between physicians and patients is due to
nonprofit status of hospitals.
licensure rules.
educational backgrounds of physicians.
uncertainty about need for care.
uncertainty about treatment quality and outcomes.
13. How can we measure social well-being?
PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Scale)
SWLS (Satisfaction with Life Scale)
Answers | Graded A+
1. If a public health initiative aims to reduce smoking rates, which health-related
behavior should it also promote to improve overall health outcomes?
Ignoring dietary habits.
Exercise and diet.
Reduced access to healthcare.
Increased smoking.
2. According to the Americans with Disabilities Act, what is the definition of
disability?
Intellectual, hearing, speech, language, visual, emotional, orthopedic
impairment, autism, traumatic brain injury, learning disability, deaf
blindness, or multiple disabilities or health impairments that require
special education or related services.
Intellectual, hearing, speech or learning impairments that require
accommodations
Physical, mental or cognitive impairment
Physical, mental or cognitive impairment that substantially limits
one or more life functions or activities
3. Describe the significance of stakeholders in the formulation of health policy.
Stakeholders are only involved in the implementation of health
policies.
Stakeholders have no impact on health policy decisions.
Stakeholders are limited to healthcare professionals.
, Stakeholders influence the development of health policy through
their interests and needs, impacting health outcomes.
4. What are the five domains that contribute to the multiple determinants of
health?
1) Social and economic environment, 2) Physical environment, 3)
Genetics and epigenetics, 4) Medical care, 5) Health-related
behaviors
1) Economic environment, 2) Physical health, 3) Genetic factors, 4)
Healthcare services, 5) Behavioral choices
1) Social environment, 2) Economic environment, 3) Lifestyle choices,
4) Medical care, 5) Environmental factors
1) Social factors, 2) Economic status, 3) Genetic predisposition, 4)
Healthcare access, 5) Personal habits
5. If a government implements an allocative health policy to provide free
vaccinations to low-income families, what is the intended outcome of this
policy?
Enhanced health education programs for the general public
Reduction of healthcare costs for all citizens
Increased regulation of healthcare providers
Improved access to healthcare services for vulnerable populations
6. What is the definition of reverse causality in health determinants?
Reverse causality means that determinants of health always affect
health status.
Reverse causality is the idea that health policies have no impact on
health outcomes.
, Reverse causality indicates that only social factors determine health
outcomes.
Reverse causality refers to the concept that health status can
influence determinants of health, such as how illness can affect
income.
7. A QALY (Quality Adjusted Life Year) is which of the following?
1 year of life taken off (adjusted) due to lack of quality
1 extra year of life perceived as a quality year
1 year of life in perfect health
1 year of life when someone makes a full-time income
8. What is life expectancy?
It is how long one can expect to live with chronic disease.
It is how long one can expect to live after going into a coma.
It is the number of years one actually lives.
It is the number of years one can expect to live at birth.
9. If a country experiences a significant increase in its GDP, what might this
indicate about its economic health?
The country is likely experiencing economic growth.
The country is facing a recession.
The country is reducing its production capacity.
The country has increased its unemployment rate.
, 10. A 66-year-old individual with a disability is seeking health insurance. Which
program would they qualify for based on their age and disability status?
Private insurance
Medicare
Medicaid
Employer-sponsored insurance
11. In a health policy analysis, if a new treatment increases QALY for patients with
a chronic illness, what implication does this have for health policy decisions?
It indicates that the treatment is not effective for any patient.
It suggests that the treatment may be a cost-effective option for
improving population health.
It shows that QALY is not a useful measure in health policy.
It implies that the treatment should be avoided due to high costs.
12. The agency relationship between physicians and patients is due to
nonprofit status of hospitals.
licensure rules.
educational backgrounds of physicians.
uncertainty about need for care.
uncertainty about treatment quality and outcomes.
13. How can we measure social well-being?
PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Scale)
SWLS (Satisfaction with Life Scale)
