Galen NUR 257 Exams 1–4 – Concepts of
Aging & Chronic Illness – (2026/2027)
Actual Questions & Answers, 100%
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FOUNDATIONS OF GERIATRIC & CHRONIC CARE (Questions 1-
30)
Question 1
A nurse is providing care for a dying patient. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A) Provide spiritual counseling
B) Administer pain medications
C) Contact the family
D) Complete advance directive paperwork
Answer: B
Rationale: Pain management is the priority in caring for a dying patient to ensure comfort
and dignity. Unrelieved pain can cause physiological stress and suffering. While spiritual
support, family communication, and advance directives are important, they are addressed
after the immediate comfort need of pain relief .
,Question 2
When planning a staff education conference about Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
(IADLs), which activity should the nurse include?
A) Bathing and dressing
B) Shopping and preparing meals
C) Transferring and ambulating
D) Toileting and feeding
Answer: B
Rationale: IADLs are more complex activities needed for independent living, including
shopping, meal preparation, housework, managing finances, and taking medications.
ADLs (basic self-care) include bathing, dressing, transferring, toileting, and feeding .
Question 3
A nurse is teaching an older client with arthritis about interventions to improve sexual
function. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "I should plan sexual activity when I have the most energy."
B) "I should apply an ice pack to my affected joint before sexual activity."
C) "I should take my pain medication before sexual activity."
D) "I should use positions that reduce joint stress."
Answer: B
Rationale: Applying an ice pack before sexual activity would cause vasoconstriction and
reduce sensation, impairing function. Heat application is more appropriate to reduce
stiffness and promote relaxation. Pain medication, energy conservation, and positioning
are appropriate strategies .
,Question 4
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client with dehydration. Which
finding identifies the most likely underlying condition?
A) Blood glucose of 110 mg/dL
B) A1C of 8.2% and tingling in toes
C) History of hypertension
D) BMI of 22
Answer: B
Rationale: A1C of 8.2% indicates poorly controlled diabetes. Tingling in toes suggests
peripheral neuropathy, a diabetes complication. Diabetes can cause hyperglycemic
dehydration (osmotic diuresis). Uncontrolled diabetes with polyuria is a common
underlying cause of dehydration .
Question 5
A nurse is providing health education for a client with chronic venous stasis wounds.
Which instruction should the nurse include?
A) Cross your legs at the ankles only
B) Refrain from crossing your legs
C) Elevate your legs only when sleeping
D) Wear tight clothing
Answer: B
, Rationale: Crossing legs impairs venous return, worsening venous stasis and increasing the
risk of ulcer formation and delayed healing. Patients should avoid crossing legs, elevate
legs when sitting, and wear compression stockings as prescribed .
Question 6
A nurse is assessing a 75-year-old female client. Which finding prompts further
questioning about possible HIV infection?
A) History of osteoporosis
B) Six vaginal yeast infections in the last 12 months
C) Hypertension
D) Recent fall
Answer: B
Rationale: Recurrent vaginal yeast infections (6 or more in 12 months) can indicate
immunosuppression and may be a sign of HIV infection in older adults. The nurse should
assess for HIV risk factors, as older adults are often overlooked for HIV screening despite
having risk factors .
Question 7
What is the most effective action for a nurse to prevent exposure when caring for an
older client with HIV?
A) Wear a gown
B) Wear gloves
C) Wear a mask
D) Wear eye protection
Aging & Chronic Illness – (2026/2027)
Actual Questions & Answers, 100%
Guarantee Pass
FOUNDATIONS OF GERIATRIC & CHRONIC CARE (Questions 1-
30)
Question 1
A nurse is providing care for a dying patient. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A) Provide spiritual counseling
B) Administer pain medications
C) Contact the family
D) Complete advance directive paperwork
Answer: B
Rationale: Pain management is the priority in caring for a dying patient to ensure comfort
and dignity. Unrelieved pain can cause physiological stress and suffering. While spiritual
support, family communication, and advance directives are important, they are addressed
after the immediate comfort need of pain relief .
,Question 2
When planning a staff education conference about Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
(IADLs), which activity should the nurse include?
A) Bathing and dressing
B) Shopping and preparing meals
C) Transferring and ambulating
D) Toileting and feeding
Answer: B
Rationale: IADLs are more complex activities needed for independent living, including
shopping, meal preparation, housework, managing finances, and taking medications.
ADLs (basic self-care) include bathing, dressing, transferring, toileting, and feeding .
Question 3
A nurse is teaching an older client with arthritis about interventions to improve sexual
function. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "I should plan sexual activity when I have the most energy."
B) "I should apply an ice pack to my affected joint before sexual activity."
C) "I should take my pain medication before sexual activity."
D) "I should use positions that reduce joint stress."
Answer: B
Rationale: Applying an ice pack before sexual activity would cause vasoconstriction and
reduce sensation, impairing function. Heat application is more appropriate to reduce
stiffness and promote relaxation. Pain medication, energy conservation, and positioning
are appropriate strategies .
,Question 4
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client with dehydration. Which
finding identifies the most likely underlying condition?
A) Blood glucose of 110 mg/dL
B) A1C of 8.2% and tingling in toes
C) History of hypertension
D) BMI of 22
Answer: B
Rationale: A1C of 8.2% indicates poorly controlled diabetes. Tingling in toes suggests
peripheral neuropathy, a diabetes complication. Diabetes can cause hyperglycemic
dehydration (osmotic diuresis). Uncontrolled diabetes with polyuria is a common
underlying cause of dehydration .
Question 5
A nurse is providing health education for a client with chronic venous stasis wounds.
Which instruction should the nurse include?
A) Cross your legs at the ankles only
B) Refrain from crossing your legs
C) Elevate your legs only when sleeping
D) Wear tight clothing
Answer: B
, Rationale: Crossing legs impairs venous return, worsening venous stasis and increasing the
risk of ulcer formation and delayed healing. Patients should avoid crossing legs, elevate
legs when sitting, and wear compression stockings as prescribed .
Question 6
A nurse is assessing a 75-year-old female client. Which finding prompts further
questioning about possible HIV infection?
A) History of osteoporosis
B) Six vaginal yeast infections in the last 12 months
C) Hypertension
D) Recent fall
Answer: B
Rationale: Recurrent vaginal yeast infections (6 or more in 12 months) can indicate
immunosuppression and may be a sign of HIV infection in older adults. The nurse should
assess for HIV risk factors, as older adults are often overlooked for HIV screening despite
having risk factors .
Question 7
What is the most effective action for a nurse to prevent exposure when caring for an
older client with HIV?
A) Wear a gown
B) Wear gloves
C) Wear a mask
D) Wear eye protection
