BIOS 252 EXAM REVIEW TESTED
QUESTIONS WITH 100 PERCENT CORRECT
ANSWERS
◉ In a first class lever system, what is in the middle?
Answer: Fulcrum
◉ In a second class lever system, what is in the middle?
Answer: Load
◉ In a third class lever system, what is in the middle?
Answer: Effort
◉ What are the neuroglial cells of the CNS and their functions?
Answer: Astrocytes (blood brain barrier), Oligodendrocytes
(myelinator--can myelinate MULTIPLE CNS neuron axons),
Microglial (phagocyte/clean-up cells), Ependymal Cell (CSF
production)
◉ What are the neuroglial cells of the PNS and their functions?
,Answer: Satellite cells (cover the surface of nerve cell bodies in
sensory, sympathetic, and parasympathetic ganglia), Schwann cells
(myelinator--only myelinates ONE PNS cell)
◉ Saltatory conduction happens in which type of neuron? Is this fast
or slow conudction?
Answer: Myelinated neurons, fast
◉ Continuous conduction happens in which type of neuron? Is this
fast or slow conduction?
Answer: Unmyelinated neurons, slow
◉ What are the special senses?
Answer: Sight, hearing, taste, balance, smell
◉ What are the three divisions of the ear?
Answer: External ear (auricle, external auditory meatus, tympanic
membrane), Middle ear (incus, malleus, stapes, eustachian tube),
Inner ear (cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals)
◉ What is the flow of information in hearing?
Answer: External ear to middle ear to inner ear, transcribed into
electrical impulse by cochlea which contains hearing receptors in
, the organ of Corti in the scala media, carried by cranial nerve VIII to
temporal lobe for interpretation
◉ Which structure is responsible for linear balance?
Answer: Vestibule
◉ Which structure is responsible for dynamic balance?
Answer: Semicircular canals
◉ Describe the sliding contraction theory
Answer: Acetylcholine NT is released from synaptic end bulbs of
neuron, crossing over synaptic cleft, binds to ligand gated receptor
present on muscle tissue sarcolemma, generating a muscle end
action potential traveling down the T-Tubule. This activates the
sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium. From there, Ca binds to
Troponin, moving Tropomyosin, allowing Myosin to bind to Actin
with the help of ATP.
◉ Where does ATP come from in the muscle?
Answer: Creatine Phosphate, Anaerobic Glycolysis, Cellular
Respiration
◉ What are the structures of the eye?
Answer: Cornea, Sclera, Lens, Iris, Macula Lutea, Optic Disc, Retina
QUESTIONS WITH 100 PERCENT CORRECT
ANSWERS
◉ In a first class lever system, what is in the middle?
Answer: Fulcrum
◉ In a second class lever system, what is in the middle?
Answer: Load
◉ In a third class lever system, what is in the middle?
Answer: Effort
◉ What are the neuroglial cells of the CNS and their functions?
Answer: Astrocytes (blood brain barrier), Oligodendrocytes
(myelinator--can myelinate MULTIPLE CNS neuron axons),
Microglial (phagocyte/clean-up cells), Ependymal Cell (CSF
production)
◉ What are the neuroglial cells of the PNS and their functions?
,Answer: Satellite cells (cover the surface of nerve cell bodies in
sensory, sympathetic, and parasympathetic ganglia), Schwann cells
(myelinator--only myelinates ONE PNS cell)
◉ Saltatory conduction happens in which type of neuron? Is this fast
or slow conudction?
Answer: Myelinated neurons, fast
◉ Continuous conduction happens in which type of neuron? Is this
fast or slow conduction?
Answer: Unmyelinated neurons, slow
◉ What are the special senses?
Answer: Sight, hearing, taste, balance, smell
◉ What are the three divisions of the ear?
Answer: External ear (auricle, external auditory meatus, tympanic
membrane), Middle ear (incus, malleus, stapes, eustachian tube),
Inner ear (cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals)
◉ What is the flow of information in hearing?
Answer: External ear to middle ear to inner ear, transcribed into
electrical impulse by cochlea which contains hearing receptors in
, the organ of Corti in the scala media, carried by cranial nerve VIII to
temporal lobe for interpretation
◉ Which structure is responsible for linear balance?
Answer: Vestibule
◉ Which structure is responsible for dynamic balance?
Answer: Semicircular canals
◉ Describe the sliding contraction theory
Answer: Acetylcholine NT is released from synaptic end bulbs of
neuron, crossing over synaptic cleft, binds to ligand gated receptor
present on muscle tissue sarcolemma, generating a muscle end
action potential traveling down the T-Tubule. This activates the
sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium. From there, Ca binds to
Troponin, moving Tropomyosin, allowing Myosin to bind to Actin
with the help of ATP.
◉ Where does ATP come from in the muscle?
Answer: Creatine Phosphate, Anaerobic Glycolysis, Cellular
Respiration
◉ What are the structures of the eye?
Answer: Cornea, Sclera, Lens, Iris, Macula Lutea, Optic Disc, Retina
