Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027
Exams Includes Frequently Tested Questions With
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1. How is potassium related to blood pressure? - Correct Answer: It helps
flushing out sodium, relaxes the blood vessels, and lowers blood pressure
2. What are potassium wasting diuretics? - Correct Answer: Loop and
thiazide diuretics and puts patient at risk for hypokalemia
3. What are ACE inhibitors? - Correct Answer: angiotensin converting
enzyme inhibitors
4. Phentermine - Correct Answer: appetite suppressant
5. Orlistat - Correct Answer: lipase inhibitor; approved for adolescents 12
years and older
6. Bupropion (contrave) - Correct Answer: anti depressant and anti
addiction drug combined, suppresses appetite
7. Liraglutide (Saxenda) & Semaglutide (Wegovy) - Correct Answer:
appetite suppressant (injections)
,8. Plenity - Correct Answer: cellulose and citric acid; creates feeling of
fullness
9. Bile acid sequestrates - Correct Answer: (Questran) - binds up bile salts
in the GI tract preventing them from being reabsorbed in the lower bowel
10.Nicotonic acid (form of niacin) - Correct Answer: Lowers LDL, increases
HDL
11.Repatha® (evolocumab) - PCSK9 Inhibitor - Correct Answer: Biologic
that works by increasing numbers of LDL-receptors on cell surface
12.Fibrates (fibric acid derivatives) - e.g.,
Gemfibrozil (Lopid) and Fenofibrate (Tricor) - Correct Answer: Lowers
TG, small increase in HDL
13.HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - "statins" - Correct Answer: most
prescribed lipid lowering agent, lowers LDL
14.Insulin secretagogues - Correct Answer: (Starlix)
-Stimulate insulin secretion by β-cells
15.Insulin sensitizers - Biguanides (metformin =
, Glucophage) and Thiazolidinediones - Correct Answer: Enhance insulin
action & decrease hepatic glucose production (monitor B12 status)
16.Enzyme inhibitors (α-glucosidase inhibitors)-
acarbose (Precose) and miglitol (Glyset) - Correct Answer: Inhibit
enzymes that digest carbohydrates in small intestine; delay carbohydrate
absorption and lower postprandial glycemia
17.Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2)
18.Inhibitors (Invokana, Farxiga, Jardiance) - Correct Answer: Blocks
reabsorption of glucose from the kidneys, so it is expelled in the urine.
19.DPP-4 inhibitors (Januvia) - Correct Answer: Prevents breakdown of
natural incretin gut hormones (e.g., GLP-1) that stimulates insulin secretion
after a meal.
20.GLP-1 agonists - liraglutide (Victoza, Saxenda) - Correct Answer:
stimulate insulin secretion, slow gastric emptying, decrease glucagon
production, and decrease appetite
21.GLP-1 agonists - semaglutide (Ozempic, Rybelsus,
Wegovy) and dulaglutide (Trulicity) - Correct Answer: stimulate insulin
secretion, slow gastric emptying, decrease glucagon production, and
decrease appetite
, 22.Chylomicrons - Correct Answer: They act as tiny cargo ships, packaging
dietary triglycerides, cholesterol, and fat-soluble vitamins so they can travel
through the water-based bloodstream to your muscle tissues and fat stores
23.VLDL - Correct Answer: Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) are
synthesized in liver to carry endogenous TG & cholesterol (from adipose &
chylomicrons). After hydrolysis with LPL, ~50% of remnants become LDL.
24.LDL - Correct Answer: primary transporter of cholesterol, and therefore
positively correlates with ↑ cholesterol. 95% of protein in LDL is Apo-B.
25.HDL - Correct Answer: Contain the most protein (most dense); involved
in cholesterol removal.
26.Gastric band (lap band) - Correct Answer: a silicone band is wrapped
around the upper part of the stomach to create a small pouch, allowing you
to feel full faster.
27.Roux-en-Y gastric bypass - Correct Answer: a weight-loss surgery that
creates a small stomach pouch, reroutes the small intestine into a Y-shape,
and limits food intake while reducing calorie absorption
28.Vertical banded gastroplasty - Correct Answer: an older bariatric
procedure that restricts food intake by using staples to create a small, 50-
milliliter stomach pouch and a non-adjustable band to slow emptying