BASIC DYSRHYTHMIA EXAM PREP TEST
BANK VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
●● depressed st segment
Answer: significant if change is >1 small square
ischemia- depression ->1 mm below the baseline isoelectric line
causes- MI, nstemi reciprocal changes, digoxin effect, hypokalemia,
repolarization abnormalities
interventions- notify md/rrt as appropriate
obtain 12 lead ecg
check med list
maintain adequate oxygen supply
monitor pt.
●● elevated st segment
Answer: significant if elevated >1 small box above isoelectric line
causes= MI/injury, coronary vasospasm, pericarditis
interventions- call rrt and pcp, obtain stat 12 lead ekg, cardiac enzymes,
mona morphine, o2, nitro, aspirin
prepare for ccL
,●● qt/qtc normal
Answer: represents start of ventricular depolarization to end of
ventricular repolarization
measure from beginning of q wave to end of t wave
qtc = calculate for hr use baretts formula
qtc= qt/vr-r
normal is < 0.46 sec
●● prolonged qt/ qtc interval
Answer: qtc interval >0.46 seconds
delayed repolarization of the heart
causes- congenital gene mutation, adrenergic response
acquired anti arrythmics, biotics, depressants, emetics, heroin,
psychotics, hypokalemia, calcemia, magnesemia, mi, cva, massive blood
transfusions
interventions- evaluate medication, hx, labs, baseline qtc, monitor for
increased prolongation and dysrhythmias, 12 lead ekg, notify md
●● normal sinus rhythm
Answer: pacemaker site - sa node
regular
60-100 bpm
p waves identical precede qrs
, pri = 0.12 - 0.20 seconds
qrs = 0.04- 0.10 seconds
●● sinus bradycardia
Answer: sa node
regular
less than 60 bpm
p waves= identical , precede each qrs
pri - 0.12-0.20 seconds
qrs - 0.04 -0.10 seconds
cause = may be normal sleeping athletes
meds = bb, ccb, digoxin
vagal stimulation
increased icp, mi, sss, hypothyroidism
interventions= call rrt, apply pacer pads transcutaneous pacing, atropine,
notify md, monitor, review medication list
●● sinus tachycardia
Answer: sa nodie
regular
greater than 100 bpm
p waves = identical precede each qrs
BANK VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
●● depressed st segment
Answer: significant if change is >1 small square
ischemia- depression ->1 mm below the baseline isoelectric line
causes- MI, nstemi reciprocal changes, digoxin effect, hypokalemia,
repolarization abnormalities
interventions- notify md/rrt as appropriate
obtain 12 lead ecg
check med list
maintain adequate oxygen supply
monitor pt.
●● elevated st segment
Answer: significant if elevated >1 small box above isoelectric line
causes= MI/injury, coronary vasospasm, pericarditis
interventions- call rrt and pcp, obtain stat 12 lead ekg, cardiac enzymes,
mona morphine, o2, nitro, aspirin
prepare for ccL
,●● qt/qtc normal
Answer: represents start of ventricular depolarization to end of
ventricular repolarization
measure from beginning of q wave to end of t wave
qtc = calculate for hr use baretts formula
qtc= qt/vr-r
normal is < 0.46 sec
●● prolonged qt/ qtc interval
Answer: qtc interval >0.46 seconds
delayed repolarization of the heart
causes- congenital gene mutation, adrenergic response
acquired anti arrythmics, biotics, depressants, emetics, heroin,
psychotics, hypokalemia, calcemia, magnesemia, mi, cva, massive blood
transfusions
interventions- evaluate medication, hx, labs, baseline qtc, monitor for
increased prolongation and dysrhythmias, 12 lead ekg, notify md
●● normal sinus rhythm
Answer: pacemaker site - sa node
regular
60-100 bpm
p waves identical precede qrs
, pri = 0.12 - 0.20 seconds
qrs = 0.04- 0.10 seconds
●● sinus bradycardia
Answer: sa node
regular
less than 60 bpm
p waves= identical , precede each qrs
pri - 0.12-0.20 seconds
qrs - 0.04 -0.10 seconds
cause = may be normal sleeping athletes
meds = bb, ccb, digoxin
vagal stimulation
increased icp, mi, sss, hypothyroidism
interventions= call rrt, apply pacer pads transcutaneous pacing, atropine,
notify md, monitor, review medication list
●● sinus tachycardia
Answer: sa nodie
regular
greater than 100 bpm
p waves = identical precede each qrs
