HEAS 1000 FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 – COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & EXAM REVIEW
Data that only the subject or "patient" can feel and will tell you. Usually in a statement. - ✔✔What is
subjective data?
What you observe and can measure - ✔✔What is objective data?
Airway Problems
Breathing Problems
Cardiovascular Problems - ✔✔What does ABC stand for when assessing priority?
Values, beliefs, attitudes, practices, characteristics, and customs shared by a group of people - ✔✔What
is culture?
O - Onset
P - Provoke
Q - Quality
R - Region/Radiate
S - Severity
T - Time/Treatment
U - Understanding
V - Value - ✔✔What does OPQRSTUV stand for in a pain assessment?
1. Physical Appearance
2. Body Structure
3. Mobility
4. Behaviour - ✔✔What are 4 things to consider in General Survey?
4-7 days after menstruation starts - ✔✔What time of the month should a patient do a breast self-
exam?
Finger pads of first three fingers. - ✔✔What part of the hand do you use to palpate the breast?
Gentle, rotary motion - ✔✔What technique would be appropriate for palpating the breast?
Only in the case of a female lactating during after giving birth. - ✔✔Is breast discharge ever normal?
1-5 minutes in the absence of sound (until you hear sounds if there are active bowel sounds) - ✔✔How
long do you listen to bowel sounds?
Normal - ✔✔Your patient's capillary refill is within 2 seconds. Is this a normal or abnormal finding?
The lithotomy position (body supine, feet in stirrups, knees apart, and buttocks at the edge of the table) -
✔✔What is the best position for a rectal/vaginal exam?
, After a warm shower, gently massage the testicle to look for masses. - ✔✔How do you perform a
testicular self-exam?
Romberg Test - ✔✔What do omit when assessing balance on an elderly patient?
Elder Abuse - ✔✔Your 80 year old patient seems scared when a certain person enters the room, or is
withdrawn when you try to speak to them. What could this indicate?
Financial Elder Abuse - ✔✔Your patient's grandson visits her every second day, but only stays for a few
minutes each time. On one of his visits, you are present and hear him say "You don't even need the
money, and I am struggling to eat. Why can't you just lend me money so I don't starve?!" What kind of
Elder Abuse is this?
"I am having trouble breathing"
"I have chest pain" - ✔✔Which statement would indicate to the practical nurse to assess Vital Signs?
Pain assessment - ✔✔What is the next step after taking a health history?
CNIII (Oculomotor)
CNIV (Trochlear)
CNVI (Abducens) - ✔✔While doing an assessment, you hold up your finger and ask them to follow it
with only their eyes. You then move it through 6 cardinal positions and bring it in between their eyes.
which cranial nerve(s) are you assessing?
CNVIII (Acoustic/Vestibulocochlear) - ✔✔While doing an assessment, you ask your patient to close their
eyes while you stand behind them and whisper three two-syllable words and ask them to repeat them.
Which cranial nerve(s) are you assessing?
CNVII (Facial) - ✔✔While doing an assessment, you ask your patient to smile (with and without teeth),
bloat their cheeks, purse their lips and raise their eyebrows. What cranial nerve(s) are you assessing?
CNII (Optic) - ✔✔What cranial nerve(s) are you assessing using the Snellen Chart?
CNV (Trigeminal) - ✔✔Which cranial nerve(s) requires you to assess the Masseter muscles and their
strength?
Aortic Valve
Pulmonic Valve
Erbs Point
Tricuspid Valve
Mitral Valve - ✔✔Which order would you listen to cardiac sounds in? (list)
S1 - ✔✔When will the apex be louder in a Cardio assessment?
S2 - ✔✔When will the base be louder in a Cardio Assessment?
False - ✔✔True or False: You should hear S3 and/or S4 sounds in a Cardio Assessment
QUESTIONS & EXAM REVIEW
Data that only the subject or "patient" can feel and will tell you. Usually in a statement. - ✔✔What is
subjective data?
What you observe and can measure - ✔✔What is objective data?
Airway Problems
Breathing Problems
Cardiovascular Problems - ✔✔What does ABC stand for when assessing priority?
Values, beliefs, attitudes, practices, characteristics, and customs shared by a group of people - ✔✔What
is culture?
O - Onset
P - Provoke
Q - Quality
R - Region/Radiate
S - Severity
T - Time/Treatment
U - Understanding
V - Value - ✔✔What does OPQRSTUV stand for in a pain assessment?
1. Physical Appearance
2. Body Structure
3. Mobility
4. Behaviour - ✔✔What are 4 things to consider in General Survey?
4-7 days after menstruation starts - ✔✔What time of the month should a patient do a breast self-
exam?
Finger pads of first three fingers. - ✔✔What part of the hand do you use to palpate the breast?
Gentle, rotary motion - ✔✔What technique would be appropriate for palpating the breast?
Only in the case of a female lactating during after giving birth. - ✔✔Is breast discharge ever normal?
1-5 minutes in the absence of sound (until you hear sounds if there are active bowel sounds) - ✔✔How
long do you listen to bowel sounds?
Normal - ✔✔Your patient's capillary refill is within 2 seconds. Is this a normal or abnormal finding?
The lithotomy position (body supine, feet in stirrups, knees apart, and buttocks at the edge of the table) -
✔✔What is the best position for a rectal/vaginal exam?
, After a warm shower, gently massage the testicle to look for masses. - ✔✔How do you perform a
testicular self-exam?
Romberg Test - ✔✔What do omit when assessing balance on an elderly patient?
Elder Abuse - ✔✔Your 80 year old patient seems scared when a certain person enters the room, or is
withdrawn when you try to speak to them. What could this indicate?
Financial Elder Abuse - ✔✔Your patient's grandson visits her every second day, but only stays for a few
minutes each time. On one of his visits, you are present and hear him say "You don't even need the
money, and I am struggling to eat. Why can't you just lend me money so I don't starve?!" What kind of
Elder Abuse is this?
"I am having trouble breathing"
"I have chest pain" - ✔✔Which statement would indicate to the practical nurse to assess Vital Signs?
Pain assessment - ✔✔What is the next step after taking a health history?
CNIII (Oculomotor)
CNIV (Trochlear)
CNVI (Abducens) - ✔✔While doing an assessment, you hold up your finger and ask them to follow it
with only their eyes. You then move it through 6 cardinal positions and bring it in between their eyes.
which cranial nerve(s) are you assessing?
CNVIII (Acoustic/Vestibulocochlear) - ✔✔While doing an assessment, you ask your patient to close their
eyes while you stand behind them and whisper three two-syllable words and ask them to repeat them.
Which cranial nerve(s) are you assessing?
CNVII (Facial) - ✔✔While doing an assessment, you ask your patient to smile (with and without teeth),
bloat their cheeks, purse their lips and raise their eyebrows. What cranial nerve(s) are you assessing?
CNII (Optic) - ✔✔What cranial nerve(s) are you assessing using the Snellen Chart?
CNV (Trigeminal) - ✔✔Which cranial nerve(s) requires you to assess the Masseter muscles and their
strength?
Aortic Valve
Pulmonic Valve
Erbs Point
Tricuspid Valve
Mitral Valve - ✔✔Which order would you listen to cardiac sounds in? (list)
S1 - ✔✔When will the apex be louder in a Cardio assessment?
S2 - ✔✔When will the base be louder in a Cardio Assessment?
False - ✔✔True or False: You should hear S3 and/or S4 sounds in a Cardio Assessment
