ENPC PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH
RATIONALES (PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE)
◉ Where in the atmosphere are the greenhouse gases found?
Answer: Troposphere (approximately 0-6 miles)
◉ T/F: Radiative forcing is the difference between incoming and
outgoing radiation measured at the top of the atmosphere.
Answer: true
◉ Climate forcing agents are things that can cause Earth's
temperature to change. Some forcing agents cause Earth to warm by
absorbing radiation and re-emitting it. Other forcing agents cause
Earth's temperature to cool. Which of the following cause Earth's
temperature to cool when they are in the atmosphere?
- Sulfate
- Mineral dust in air
- Nitrate
- Volcanic particles ejected during eruptions
- All of the above
Answer: all of the aboveq
,◉ As Earth's temperature rises, the amount of water vapor in the
atmosphere increases. This causes more infrared radiation from the
earth to be absorbed by the vapor, and this also causes the
temperature to rise, leading to increasing amounts of water vapor in
the atmosphere. This process is an example of:
Answer: positive feedback loop
◉ Climate models have been developed to better understand Earth's
climate system. There are three major groups of models. One group
of models includes computations of the various biogeochemical
cycles that include the carbon cycle, Sulphur cycle, and ozone. This
group is best for simulating past and future climates, and the models
it includes are the state of the art climate models. The name for this
group of models is:
Answer: Earth System Models (ESM)
◉ How have climate models shown that human activities have
caused global average temperature to rise?
Answer: Model results only match observations when human
impacts, such as greenhouse gas concentrations, are included
◉ Global temperatures have varied much over time. What factors
have contributed to this variability?
, - Variation in sun spots
- Volcanic eruptions
- El Nino events
- Greenhouse gases
- All of the above
Answer: all of the above
◉ Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) are emission
scenarios that modelers use to estimate potential temperatures in
the future. What gases are used in developing a given RCP scenario?
- CO2
- N2O
- CH4
- CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)
- All of the above
Answer: all of the above
◉ In the year 2100, it was predicted that a certain emissions
scenario would have 335 W/m2 of energy emitted back to space
from the top of the atmosphere. What would the RCP be for this
emissions scenario? [Hint: Consider how much energy from the sun
reaches the top of the atmosphere]
RATIONALES (PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE)
◉ Where in the atmosphere are the greenhouse gases found?
Answer: Troposphere (approximately 0-6 miles)
◉ T/F: Radiative forcing is the difference between incoming and
outgoing radiation measured at the top of the atmosphere.
Answer: true
◉ Climate forcing agents are things that can cause Earth's
temperature to change. Some forcing agents cause Earth to warm by
absorbing radiation and re-emitting it. Other forcing agents cause
Earth's temperature to cool. Which of the following cause Earth's
temperature to cool when they are in the atmosphere?
- Sulfate
- Mineral dust in air
- Nitrate
- Volcanic particles ejected during eruptions
- All of the above
Answer: all of the aboveq
,◉ As Earth's temperature rises, the amount of water vapor in the
atmosphere increases. This causes more infrared radiation from the
earth to be absorbed by the vapor, and this also causes the
temperature to rise, leading to increasing amounts of water vapor in
the atmosphere. This process is an example of:
Answer: positive feedback loop
◉ Climate models have been developed to better understand Earth's
climate system. There are three major groups of models. One group
of models includes computations of the various biogeochemical
cycles that include the carbon cycle, Sulphur cycle, and ozone. This
group is best for simulating past and future climates, and the models
it includes are the state of the art climate models. The name for this
group of models is:
Answer: Earth System Models (ESM)
◉ How have climate models shown that human activities have
caused global average temperature to rise?
Answer: Model results only match observations when human
impacts, such as greenhouse gas concentrations, are included
◉ Global temperatures have varied much over time. What factors
have contributed to this variability?
, - Variation in sun spots
- Volcanic eruptions
- El Nino events
- Greenhouse gases
- All of the above
Answer: all of the above
◉ Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) are emission
scenarios that modelers use to estimate potential temperatures in
the future. What gases are used in developing a given RCP scenario?
- CO2
- N2O
- CH4
- CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)
- All of the above
Answer: all of the above
◉ In the year 2100, it was predicted that a certain emissions
scenario would have 335 W/m2 of energy emitted back to space
from the top of the atmosphere. What would the RCP be for this
emissions scenario? [Hint: Consider how much energy from the sun
reaches the top of the atmosphere]
