NURSING 301 FUNDAMENTALS EXAM 1 2026/2027 – STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS &
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM REVIEW
Why is nursing theory used and what does it do? - ANS ✔✔It guides the nursing process and help explain
why nurses do what they do.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANS ✔✔(level 1) Physiological Needs, (level 2) Safety and Security, (level
3) Relationships, Love and Affection, (level 4) Self Esteem, (level 5) Self Actualization
What makes a group of people a vulnerable population? - ANS ✔✔Having excessive risk factors.
What is the focus of community nursing? - ANS ✔✔Health promotion
ex. education, vaccinations, clinics
Five stages of nursing process - ANS ✔✔Assessment: Data collection (subjective, objective)
Analysis/Diagnosis: Interpret data to reach an appropriate judgment about health status. Guides nursing
care.
Planning: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Time (SMART)
Implementation: Nursing plan into action
Evaluation: Were goals met? What needs to be changed?
Nursing Diagnosis: "risk for" - ANS ✔✔"Risk for" puts priority at the bottom of the list
PHYSICAL NEEDS FIRST
Why do we use nursing diagnosis? - ANS ✔✔To distinguish nursing roles from the physician's roles.
Levels of Prevention - ANS ✔✔Primary: prevention (vaccines)
Secondary: screening (labs)
Tertiary: treatment for already diagnosed disease
Target audience for levels of prevention - ANS ✔✔Primary: healthy population
Secondary: at-risk population
Tertiary: sick population
When taking report from a nurse, what should you always do? - ANS ✔✔Assess the patient and collect
your data after receiving the report.
Subjective data - ANS ✔✔Things a patient tells you about that you cannot observe through your senses,
symptoms.
Ex. Patient states pain is 7/10
Objective data - ANS ✔✔What the health professional observes by inspecting, palpating, percussing, and
auscultating during the physical examination
Ex. Vital signs
What did Clara Barton do? - ANS ✔✔Founded the American Red Cross and formalized nursing education.
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM REVIEW
Why is nursing theory used and what does it do? - ANS ✔✔It guides the nursing process and help explain
why nurses do what they do.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANS ✔✔(level 1) Physiological Needs, (level 2) Safety and Security, (level
3) Relationships, Love and Affection, (level 4) Self Esteem, (level 5) Self Actualization
What makes a group of people a vulnerable population? - ANS ✔✔Having excessive risk factors.
What is the focus of community nursing? - ANS ✔✔Health promotion
ex. education, vaccinations, clinics
Five stages of nursing process - ANS ✔✔Assessment: Data collection (subjective, objective)
Analysis/Diagnosis: Interpret data to reach an appropriate judgment about health status. Guides nursing
care.
Planning: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Time (SMART)
Implementation: Nursing plan into action
Evaluation: Were goals met? What needs to be changed?
Nursing Diagnosis: "risk for" - ANS ✔✔"Risk for" puts priority at the bottom of the list
PHYSICAL NEEDS FIRST
Why do we use nursing diagnosis? - ANS ✔✔To distinguish nursing roles from the physician's roles.
Levels of Prevention - ANS ✔✔Primary: prevention (vaccines)
Secondary: screening (labs)
Tertiary: treatment for already diagnosed disease
Target audience for levels of prevention - ANS ✔✔Primary: healthy population
Secondary: at-risk population
Tertiary: sick population
When taking report from a nurse, what should you always do? - ANS ✔✔Assess the patient and collect
your data after receiving the report.
Subjective data - ANS ✔✔Things a patient tells you about that you cannot observe through your senses,
symptoms.
Ex. Patient states pain is 7/10
Objective data - ANS ✔✔What the health professional observes by inspecting, palpating, percussing, and
auscultating during the physical examination
Ex. Vital signs
What did Clara Barton do? - ANS ✔✔Founded the American Red Cross and formalized nursing education.
