NSG 6020 3P EXAM STUDY 2026/2027 |
South University Updated Questions and
Answers | Verified Edition | Pass
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1. During a migraine, what happens to the cerebral arteries?
A) They constrict
B) They dilate
C) They remain unchanged
D) They rupture
Answer: B) They dilate
Rationale: During a migraine, cerebral artery vasodilation occurs, which is thought to
contribute to the headache pain. This is why vasoconstrictors like triptans are used for
acute migraine treatment.
2. What change accounts for a sudden decrease in digoxin levels in a patient with
atrial fibrillation?
A) Decreased creatinine clearance
B) Regular use of an antacid
C) Increased potassium intake
D) Decreased fluid intake
Answer: B) Regular use of an antacid
Rationale: Antacids can decrease the absorption of digoxin from the gastrointestinal tract,
leading to lower serum levels. This interaction is clinically significant and requires
monitoring.
,3. What pathogen is most commonly associated with urinary tract infections
(UTIs)?
A) Staphylococcus aureus
B) Escherichia coli
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Answer: B) Escherichia coli
Rationale: E. coli is the most common pathogen responsible for UTIs, accounting for
approximately 80-85% of community-acquired UTIs.
4. An 84-year-old male with prostatic hypertrophy is at increased risk of:
A) Constipation
B) Fecal incontinence
C) Urinary tract infections
D) Prostate cancer
Answer: C) Urinary tract infections
Rationale: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) increases the risk of urinary retention, which
can lead to UTIs and sepsis. BPH does not directly increase prostate cancer risk.
5. Which medication inhibits blood coagulation by blocking the active site of
factor X-a?
A) Warfarin (Coumadin)
B) Heparin
C) Apixaban (Eliquis)
D) Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Answer: C) Apixaban (Eliquis)
Rationale: Apixaban is a direct factor Xa inhibitor, a class of direct oral anticoagulants
(DOACs) that selectively and reversibly inhibit factor Xa, preventing thrombin generation
and clot formation.
,6. A child diagnosed with beta thalassemia and hemosiderosis receives
deferoxamine (Desferal) for what purpose?
A) To prevent blood transfusion reactions
B) To stimulate red blood cell production
C) To improve oxygen-carrying capacity of RBCs
D) To eliminate excessive iron and prevent organ damage
Answer: D) To eliminate excessive iron and prevent organ damage
Rationale: Patients with beta thalassemia require frequent blood transfusions, leading to
iron overload (hemosiderosis). Deferoxamine is an iron chelator that binds free iron,
preventing tissue damage from iron accumulation.
Neurological & Psychiatric
7. Which symptom indicates high suspicion for bipolar disorder in a 15-year-old
student?
A) Difficulty concentrating in class
B) Blurting out answers in class inappropriately
C) Occasional mood swings
D) Daydreaming during lectures
Answer: B) Blurting out answers in class inappropriately
Rationale: In adolescents, bipolar disorder may present with disinhibited behavior,
impulsivity, and inappropriate social responses. Blurting out answers indicates poor
impulse control, which can be a symptom of mania.
8. What is the first-line medication for benign positional vertigo?
A) Ondansetron
B) Meclizine
C) Scopolamine
D) Prochlorperazine
, Answer: B) Meclizine
Rationale: Meclizine is a first-line medication for benign positional vertigo due to its
vestibular suppressant properties. It is an antihistamine with antiemetic and antivertigo
effects.
9. Which symptom is most associated with testicular torsion?
A) Gradual onset of testicular pain
B) Testicular pain with fever
C) Sudden, severe testicular pain
D) Painless testicular swelling
Answer: C) Sudden, severe testicular pain
Rationale: Testicular torsion presents with acute, severe unilateral testicular pain, often
accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. It is a surgical emergency
requiring immediate intervention.
10. What symptom is most associated with primary syphilis?
A) Multiple painful genital lesions
B) A single painless genital lesion (chancre)
C) A generalized maculopapular rash
D) Painless, indurated penile nodule
Answer: B) A single painless genital lesion (chancre)
Rationale: Primary syphilis typically presents as a solitary, painless chancre at the site of
inoculation. The lesion is indurated with clean borders. Secondary syphilis presents with
rash, fever, and lymphadenopathy.
11. A patient presents with an elongated head with bony prominence of the
forehead, nose, and lower jaw. These facial features suggest:
A) Nephrotic syndrome
B) Acromegaly
South University Updated Questions and
Answers | Verified Edition | Pass
Guaranteed - A+ Graded
1. During a migraine, what happens to the cerebral arteries?
A) They constrict
B) They dilate
C) They remain unchanged
D) They rupture
Answer: B) They dilate
Rationale: During a migraine, cerebral artery vasodilation occurs, which is thought to
contribute to the headache pain. This is why vasoconstrictors like triptans are used for
acute migraine treatment.
2. What change accounts for a sudden decrease in digoxin levels in a patient with
atrial fibrillation?
A) Decreased creatinine clearance
B) Regular use of an antacid
C) Increased potassium intake
D) Decreased fluid intake
Answer: B) Regular use of an antacid
Rationale: Antacids can decrease the absorption of digoxin from the gastrointestinal tract,
leading to lower serum levels. This interaction is clinically significant and requires
monitoring.
,3. What pathogen is most commonly associated with urinary tract infections
(UTIs)?
A) Staphylococcus aureus
B) Escherichia coli
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Answer: B) Escherichia coli
Rationale: E. coli is the most common pathogen responsible for UTIs, accounting for
approximately 80-85% of community-acquired UTIs.
4. An 84-year-old male with prostatic hypertrophy is at increased risk of:
A) Constipation
B) Fecal incontinence
C) Urinary tract infections
D) Prostate cancer
Answer: C) Urinary tract infections
Rationale: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) increases the risk of urinary retention, which
can lead to UTIs and sepsis. BPH does not directly increase prostate cancer risk.
5. Which medication inhibits blood coagulation by blocking the active site of
factor X-a?
A) Warfarin (Coumadin)
B) Heparin
C) Apixaban (Eliquis)
D) Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Answer: C) Apixaban (Eliquis)
Rationale: Apixaban is a direct factor Xa inhibitor, a class of direct oral anticoagulants
(DOACs) that selectively and reversibly inhibit factor Xa, preventing thrombin generation
and clot formation.
,6. A child diagnosed with beta thalassemia and hemosiderosis receives
deferoxamine (Desferal) for what purpose?
A) To prevent blood transfusion reactions
B) To stimulate red blood cell production
C) To improve oxygen-carrying capacity of RBCs
D) To eliminate excessive iron and prevent organ damage
Answer: D) To eliminate excessive iron and prevent organ damage
Rationale: Patients with beta thalassemia require frequent blood transfusions, leading to
iron overload (hemosiderosis). Deferoxamine is an iron chelator that binds free iron,
preventing tissue damage from iron accumulation.
Neurological & Psychiatric
7. Which symptom indicates high suspicion for bipolar disorder in a 15-year-old
student?
A) Difficulty concentrating in class
B) Blurting out answers in class inappropriately
C) Occasional mood swings
D) Daydreaming during lectures
Answer: B) Blurting out answers in class inappropriately
Rationale: In adolescents, bipolar disorder may present with disinhibited behavior,
impulsivity, and inappropriate social responses. Blurting out answers indicates poor
impulse control, which can be a symptom of mania.
8. What is the first-line medication for benign positional vertigo?
A) Ondansetron
B) Meclizine
C) Scopolamine
D) Prochlorperazine
, Answer: B) Meclizine
Rationale: Meclizine is a first-line medication for benign positional vertigo due to its
vestibular suppressant properties. It is an antihistamine with antiemetic and antivertigo
effects.
9. Which symptom is most associated with testicular torsion?
A) Gradual onset of testicular pain
B) Testicular pain with fever
C) Sudden, severe testicular pain
D) Painless testicular swelling
Answer: C) Sudden, severe testicular pain
Rationale: Testicular torsion presents with acute, severe unilateral testicular pain, often
accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. It is a surgical emergency
requiring immediate intervention.
10. What symptom is most associated with primary syphilis?
A) Multiple painful genital lesions
B) A single painless genital lesion (chancre)
C) A generalized maculopapular rash
D) Painless, indurated penile nodule
Answer: B) A single painless genital lesion (chancre)
Rationale: Primary syphilis typically presents as a solitary, painless chancre at the site of
inoculation. The lesion is indurated with clean borders. Secondary syphilis presents with
rash, fever, and lymphadenopathy.
11. A patient presents with an elongated head with bony prominence of the
forehead, nose, and lower jaw. These facial features suggest:
A) Nephrotic syndrome
B) Acromegaly
