WGU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY D236 EXAMS WITH
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS HIGHLY
ADVANCED GRADED A+
Describe how your body responds to an infection. - ANSWER-T cells produce cytokines, which
stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. - ANSWER-Mutations in genes or
chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? - ANSWER-Alterations of DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. - ANSWER-
(ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - ANSWER-Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction > release
aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood
pressure maintained.
DKA - ANSWER-increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - ANSWER-retain H and excrete HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? - ANSWER-Potassium
West Nile Virus - ANSWER-Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Severe signs
and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease - ANSWER-Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum - ANSWER-a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the
sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. - ANSWER-Spina bifida
Trousseau's sign - ANSWER-arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida - ANSWER-results from failure of neural tube to close. sign - fluid
filled sac on lower back.
, hemophilia is more common in - ANSWER-males
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - ANSWER-ND-PAE, decreased brain function, FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders - ANSWER-Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus - ANSWER-Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWER-It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack
own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along
with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis - ANSWER-inflammation of the skin
eczema - ANSWER-noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters,
scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer - ANSWER-sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
Fungal infections - ANSWER-superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue infections
caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
benign neoplasm - ANSWER-noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
malignant neoplasm - ANSWER-uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders, spreads
Osteoporosis - ANSWER-The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to become
porous, brittle, and easily fractured.
osteomalacia - ANSWER-disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and
vitamin D deficiency
myoglobin - ANSWER-red pigment that stores oxygen in muscle cells
Bursa - ANSWER-fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over
another
Rickets - ANSWER-a vitamin D deficiency in children, resulting in soft bones
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS HIGHLY
ADVANCED GRADED A+
Describe how your body responds to an infection. - ANSWER-T cells produce cytokines, which
stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. - ANSWER-Mutations in genes or
chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? - ANSWER-Alterations of DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. - ANSWER-
(ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - ANSWER-Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction > release
aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood
pressure maintained.
DKA - ANSWER-increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - ANSWER-retain H and excrete HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? - ANSWER-Potassium
West Nile Virus - ANSWER-Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Severe signs
and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease - ANSWER-Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum - ANSWER-a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the
sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. - ANSWER-Spina bifida
Trousseau's sign - ANSWER-arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida - ANSWER-results from failure of neural tube to close. sign - fluid
filled sac on lower back.
, hemophilia is more common in - ANSWER-males
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - ANSWER-ND-PAE, decreased brain function, FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders - ANSWER-Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus - ANSWER-Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWER-It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack
own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along
with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis - ANSWER-inflammation of the skin
eczema - ANSWER-noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters,
scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer - ANSWER-sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
Fungal infections - ANSWER-superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue infections
caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
benign neoplasm - ANSWER-noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
malignant neoplasm - ANSWER-uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders, spreads
Osteoporosis - ANSWER-The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to become
porous, brittle, and easily fractured.
osteomalacia - ANSWER-disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and
vitamin D deficiency
myoglobin - ANSWER-red pigment that stores oxygen in muscle cells
Bursa - ANSWER-fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over
another
Rickets - ANSWER-a vitamin D deficiency in children, resulting in soft bones
