Middle East - Explain two causes of……. (8 markers)
Explain 2 causes of…… One of the causes of …… A second cause of ……
The Balfour declaration, 1) Zionist support (American Jews will push the US to join British in the war)
1917 2) Russia has internal problems (their Jews maybe persuade them to stay in
the war)
Jewish immigration in 1) Balfour Declaration (promised the Jews to establish a home for them in
the 1920s and 1930s Palestine)
2) Britain was the mandate at the time (Britain controlled Palestine and the
Jews thought British would allow and support them)
Arab violence in the 1) The increase number of Jewish populations (83,790 in 1922 → 445,457
1920s and 1930s/The in 1939)
Arab revolt 2) Anger of the Peel Commission (most fertile land – including 90% of the
orange groves – being in Jewish hands & almost 300,000 Arabs live in
Jewish state)
The Peel commission 1) Arab strike, 1936 (boycotted all trade with British & roads, railways and
1937 oil pipes and British troops were attacked)
2) Clashes between Jews and Palestinians in Jerusalem (Increasing
population of Jewish increased the tension and soon turned to violent)
(angry clashes occurred over holy sites in Jerusalem and 113 Jews and
116 Arabs died)
Jewish Terrorism in the 1) The impact of WW2 (when war broke out in Europe in 1939, many Jews
1940s volunteered to fight against Nazi)
2) Extreme Groups like Irgun wanted British troops to withdraw (wage a
campaign of violence against British to force them to remove their
troops and horrify the British public into demanding a British withdrawal
from Palestine)
Britain handing back the 1) Jewish terrorism (Bombing of King David Hotel – 91 were killed & British
mandate troops being attack)
2) British own US 3.5 billion at the end of war & keeping 100 troops in
Palestine cost much and hard to run (lack of money)
3) British could not agree to Zionist demands to allow in Jewish refugees
without angering the Arabs
The UN partition plan 1) British handed back the mandate (British position in Palestine was
impossible so Britain handed over the mandate to UN as well as the
problems)
2) Arabs were angry about the Peel Commission ( almost 300,000 Arabs
would have to live in the Jewish state and the most fertile land – 90% of
orange groves – being in Jewish hands) (The problems still had to solve)
The First Arab Israeli War 1) Foundation of the state of Israel (On 14th May 1948, at 4pm, David Ben-
Gurion announced the foundation of the state of Israel)
2) British has left the Palestine and they could not protect the Jews
anymore (At midnight on 14th May, the British Mandate ended, and the
last British soldier left Palestine on 15th May)
Explain 2 causes of…… One of the causes of …… A second cause of ……
The Balfour declaration, 1) Zionist support (American Jews will push the US to join British in the war)
1917 2) Russia has internal problems (their Jews maybe persuade them to stay in
the war)
Jewish immigration in 1) Balfour Declaration (promised the Jews to establish a home for them in
the 1920s and 1930s Palestine)
2) Britain was the mandate at the time (Britain controlled Palestine and the
Jews thought British would allow and support them)
Arab violence in the 1) The increase number of Jewish populations (83,790 in 1922 → 445,457
1920s and 1930s/The in 1939)
Arab revolt 2) Anger of the Peel Commission (most fertile land – including 90% of the
orange groves – being in Jewish hands & almost 300,000 Arabs live in
Jewish state)
The Peel commission 1) Arab strike, 1936 (boycotted all trade with British & roads, railways and
1937 oil pipes and British troops were attacked)
2) Clashes between Jews and Palestinians in Jerusalem (Increasing
population of Jewish increased the tension and soon turned to violent)
(angry clashes occurred over holy sites in Jerusalem and 113 Jews and
116 Arabs died)
Jewish Terrorism in the 1) The impact of WW2 (when war broke out in Europe in 1939, many Jews
1940s volunteered to fight against Nazi)
2) Extreme Groups like Irgun wanted British troops to withdraw (wage a
campaign of violence against British to force them to remove their
troops and horrify the British public into demanding a British withdrawal
from Palestine)
Britain handing back the 1) Jewish terrorism (Bombing of King David Hotel – 91 were killed & British
mandate troops being attack)
2) British own US 3.5 billion at the end of war & keeping 100 troops in
Palestine cost much and hard to run (lack of money)
3) British could not agree to Zionist demands to allow in Jewish refugees
without angering the Arabs
The UN partition plan 1) British handed back the mandate (British position in Palestine was
impossible so Britain handed over the mandate to UN as well as the
problems)
2) Arabs were angry about the Peel Commission ( almost 300,000 Arabs
would have to live in the Jewish state and the most fertile land – 90% of
orange groves – being in Jewish hands) (The problems still had to solve)
The First Arab Israeli War 1) Foundation of the state of Israel (On 14th May 1948, at 4pm, David Ben-
Gurion announced the foundation of the state of Israel)
2) British has left the Palestine and they could not protect the Jews
anymore (At midnight on 14th May, the British Mandate ended, and the
last British soldier left Palestine on 15th May)
