Nurs 203: Exam #4
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1. What is the function of the gall- Stores bile produced by the liver and delivers it as needed to
bladder? the small intestine
2. What are the functions of the •manufactures and secretes bile and bile salts necessary to
liver? digest fat
•synthesizes albumin, fibrinogen, globulins, and clotting fac-
tors
•storage area for glucose (in the form of glycogen); vitamins
A, D, E, K, and B12; and iron
•receives blood directly from the digestive tract via the he-
patic portal vein. All nutrients and oral medications pass
through the liver before being distributed to other parts of
the body
•metabolize medication
•The liver helps break down, eliminate, and excrete hor-
mones, drugs, cholesterol, and hemoglobin from worn-out
red blood cells
•The liver plays a major role in glucose metabolism
3. What is albumin responsible where fluid volume shifts
for?
4. What is B12 responsible for? energy levels and brain function
5. What is bilirubin? dead hemoglobin and dead red blood cells
6. What is the lifespan of a red About 120 days
blood cell?
7. What are the major pancreat- *amylase, protease, trypsin, and* lipase
ic enzymes and why are they
needed? They are needed for digestion and absorption of nutrients
from the small intestine
, Nurs 203: Exam #4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jtn561
8. What risk factors are associat- •Gallstones
ed with gallbladder disease? •Liquid weight loss diets
•Rapid weight loss
•Women are more likely
•Increased risk with age, obesity, and having several chil-
dren
•Associated disorders of diabetes and Crohn's
•Genetic link
9. What are some liver disorders? •Hepatitis B and C
•Alcohol and substance abuse
•Parasites
•Liver cancer
10. What is pancreatitis associated alcoholism, obstructive cholelithiasis, peptic ulcer, hyperlipi-
with? demia, and trauma
11. What is pancreatic cancer heav- smoking
ily linked to?
12. How can we prevent gallblad- •Maintain a normal body weight
der disorders? •Eat low-fat, low-cholesterol, high-fiber, and high-calcium
diet
•Avoid rapid weight loss diets
•Consume alcohol moderately
•Maintain an active lifestyle
13. How can we prevent liver disor- •Obtain immunization against hepatitis A and hepatitis B
ders? •Using standard precautions when handling body fluids,
particularly blood, greatly reduces the risk of infection with
hepatitis B and C
•Refrain from consuming excessive amounts of alcohol
•Avoid exposure to known toxic or carcinogenic chemicals
, Nurs 203: Exam #4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jtn561
14. How can we prevent pancreatic •Avoid consumption of large quantities of alcohol
disorders? •Removing a gallbladder that has gallstones can help pre-
vent obstruction of the pancreatic duct with stones
•Comply with therapy for a peptic ulcer
•Avoiding smoking cigarettes decreases the risk of pancre-
atic cancer
•Triglycerides should be maintained below 200mg/dL
15. What is cholelithiasis? Chole- Cholelithiasis- the presence of gallstones within the gallblad-
cystitis? der or in the biliary tract
Cholecystitis- inflammation of the gallbladder
16. What are the s/s of cholelithia- •Pain which may be none to severe and unbearable
sis and cholecystitis? •Biliary colic (severe to unbearable R upper quadrant pain,
sometime the pain can be referred to the back at the level of
the shoulder blades)
•N/v
•Low grade fever
•Jaundice (if the bile duct is obstructed)
17. Does having gallstones mean No
the gallbladder must be re-
moved?
18. When do gallstones develop? when the balance between cholesterol, bile salts, and calci-
um in the bile is altered to the point that these substances
precipitate. When cholesterol precipitates, a stone can be
formed
19. What are some risk factors for •Hemolytic disease (hemolytic anemia)
cholelithiasis? •Extensive resection of the bowel to treat Crohn disease
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jtn561
1. What is the function of the gall- Stores bile produced by the liver and delivers it as needed to
bladder? the small intestine
2. What are the functions of the •manufactures and secretes bile and bile salts necessary to
liver? digest fat
•synthesizes albumin, fibrinogen, globulins, and clotting fac-
tors
•storage area for glucose (in the form of glycogen); vitamins
A, D, E, K, and B12; and iron
•receives blood directly from the digestive tract via the he-
patic portal vein. All nutrients and oral medications pass
through the liver before being distributed to other parts of
the body
•metabolize medication
•The liver helps break down, eliminate, and excrete hor-
mones, drugs, cholesterol, and hemoglobin from worn-out
red blood cells
•The liver plays a major role in glucose metabolism
3. What is albumin responsible where fluid volume shifts
for?
4. What is B12 responsible for? energy levels and brain function
5. What is bilirubin? dead hemoglobin and dead red blood cells
6. What is the lifespan of a red About 120 days
blood cell?
7. What are the major pancreat- *amylase, protease, trypsin, and* lipase
ic enzymes and why are they
needed? They are needed for digestion and absorption of nutrients
from the small intestine
, Nurs 203: Exam #4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jtn561
8. What risk factors are associat- •Gallstones
ed with gallbladder disease? •Liquid weight loss diets
•Rapid weight loss
•Women are more likely
•Increased risk with age, obesity, and having several chil-
dren
•Associated disorders of diabetes and Crohn's
•Genetic link
9. What are some liver disorders? •Hepatitis B and C
•Alcohol and substance abuse
•Parasites
•Liver cancer
10. What is pancreatitis associated alcoholism, obstructive cholelithiasis, peptic ulcer, hyperlipi-
with? demia, and trauma
11. What is pancreatic cancer heav- smoking
ily linked to?
12. How can we prevent gallblad- •Maintain a normal body weight
der disorders? •Eat low-fat, low-cholesterol, high-fiber, and high-calcium
diet
•Avoid rapid weight loss diets
•Consume alcohol moderately
•Maintain an active lifestyle
13. How can we prevent liver disor- •Obtain immunization against hepatitis A and hepatitis B
ders? •Using standard precautions when handling body fluids,
particularly blood, greatly reduces the risk of infection with
hepatitis B and C
•Refrain from consuming excessive amounts of alcohol
•Avoid exposure to known toxic or carcinogenic chemicals
, Nurs 203: Exam #4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jtn561
14. How can we prevent pancreatic •Avoid consumption of large quantities of alcohol
disorders? •Removing a gallbladder that has gallstones can help pre-
vent obstruction of the pancreatic duct with stones
•Comply with therapy for a peptic ulcer
•Avoiding smoking cigarettes decreases the risk of pancre-
atic cancer
•Triglycerides should be maintained below 200mg/dL
15. What is cholelithiasis? Chole- Cholelithiasis- the presence of gallstones within the gallblad-
cystitis? der or in the biliary tract
Cholecystitis- inflammation of the gallbladder
16. What are the s/s of cholelithia- •Pain which may be none to severe and unbearable
sis and cholecystitis? •Biliary colic (severe to unbearable R upper quadrant pain,
sometime the pain can be referred to the back at the level of
the shoulder blades)
•N/v
•Low grade fever
•Jaundice (if the bile duct is obstructed)
17. Does having gallstones mean No
the gallbladder must be re-
moved?
18. When do gallstones develop? when the balance between cholesterol, bile salts, and calci-
um in the bile is altered to the point that these substances
precipitate. When cholesterol precipitates, a stone can be
formed
19. What are some risk factors for •Hemolytic disease (hemolytic anemia)
cholelithiasis? •Extensive resection of the bowel to treat Crohn disease
