WGU D514 HEALTHCARE LEADERS EXAMS SCRIPT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔U-Test (Mann-Whitney) (Wilcoxon-ran-sum test) - ✔✔Used when we think we are
comparing apples to apples, but we are not sure
✔✔Two Sample T-Test - ✔✔Researchers have a group of subjects, and have two
different interventions to apply. They randomize the subjects into two groups, and
compare for results
✔✔Paired T-Test - ✔✔Compares a variable measured at two time points on the same
subject or comparing values between matched pairs
✔✔Anova - ✔✔Used as a test to compare means between independent variables with
similar variance and normality of distribution. Can compare multiple groups
✔✔Z-Test - ✔✔A statistical test utilized to assess whether there is a significant
difference between two population means when the variances are known, and the
sample size is large.
✔✔F Test - ✔✔Most often used when comparing statistical models that have been fitted
to a data set, to identify the model that best fits the population from which the data were
sampled.
✔✔Chi Square Test - ✔✔Tests for relationships between categorical variables. Used
when you are comparing values you can observe with those you expect
✔✔Examples of Chi Square Test - ✔✔As a person ages, their blood pressure
increases.
As a child grows, their height increases
✔✔Correlation Coefficient - ✔✔Measures strength and relationship between two
variables on a scatterplot
, ✔✔Examples of Correlation Coefficient - ✔✔As people age, their likelihood of having
arthritic changes increases (positive)
As people increase their exercise activity, their weight decreases (negative)
✔✔Descriptive Statistics - ✔✔Describes and analyzes a given group without drawing
any conclusions. Data is measured, organized, graphed.
✔✔Inferential Statistics - ✔✔Draws conclusions about a larger population. Conclusion is
based on data from a sample. Make an educated guess
✔✔Research Process - ✔✔Includes research design, study population, data collection,
and analysis plan
✔✔Research Design - ✔✔Descriptive, correlational, experimental. The type of study
that is being done
✔✔Subjective Methods - ✔✔Observation, watching, taking notes, open-ended
questions, in person or phone interviews, focus groups
✔✔Experimental Methods - ✔✔Hypothesis/Null hypothesis parametric tests such as t-
tests, ANOVA, linear regression etc
✔✔Fidelity - ✔✔Loyalty, truthfulness
✔✔Fidelity - ✔✔Keeping a promise to a patient about a specific treatment plan and
advocating for the patient's rights and well-being during the healthcare process
✔✔Autonomy - ✔✔The ability to make your own decision without being controlled by
anyone else
✔✔Justice - ✔✔Fair Selection
✔✔Justice - ✔✔Ensuring that research participants in a clinical trial are selected without
discrimination and that the risks and benefits of participation are distributed fairly among
diverse populatinos
✔✔Nonmaleficence - ✔✔Not harming
✔✔Beneficence - ✔✔Helping the patient is the goal
✔✔Beneficence - ✔✔Ensuring that participants in a medical study receive the best
possible care and protection of their well-being throughout the research process
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔U-Test (Mann-Whitney) (Wilcoxon-ran-sum test) - ✔✔Used when we think we are
comparing apples to apples, but we are not sure
✔✔Two Sample T-Test - ✔✔Researchers have a group of subjects, and have two
different interventions to apply. They randomize the subjects into two groups, and
compare for results
✔✔Paired T-Test - ✔✔Compares a variable measured at two time points on the same
subject or comparing values between matched pairs
✔✔Anova - ✔✔Used as a test to compare means between independent variables with
similar variance and normality of distribution. Can compare multiple groups
✔✔Z-Test - ✔✔A statistical test utilized to assess whether there is a significant
difference between two population means when the variances are known, and the
sample size is large.
✔✔F Test - ✔✔Most often used when comparing statistical models that have been fitted
to a data set, to identify the model that best fits the population from which the data were
sampled.
✔✔Chi Square Test - ✔✔Tests for relationships between categorical variables. Used
when you are comparing values you can observe with those you expect
✔✔Examples of Chi Square Test - ✔✔As a person ages, their blood pressure
increases.
As a child grows, their height increases
✔✔Correlation Coefficient - ✔✔Measures strength and relationship between two
variables on a scatterplot
, ✔✔Examples of Correlation Coefficient - ✔✔As people age, their likelihood of having
arthritic changes increases (positive)
As people increase their exercise activity, their weight decreases (negative)
✔✔Descriptive Statistics - ✔✔Describes and analyzes a given group without drawing
any conclusions. Data is measured, organized, graphed.
✔✔Inferential Statistics - ✔✔Draws conclusions about a larger population. Conclusion is
based on data from a sample. Make an educated guess
✔✔Research Process - ✔✔Includes research design, study population, data collection,
and analysis plan
✔✔Research Design - ✔✔Descriptive, correlational, experimental. The type of study
that is being done
✔✔Subjective Methods - ✔✔Observation, watching, taking notes, open-ended
questions, in person or phone interviews, focus groups
✔✔Experimental Methods - ✔✔Hypothesis/Null hypothesis parametric tests such as t-
tests, ANOVA, linear regression etc
✔✔Fidelity - ✔✔Loyalty, truthfulness
✔✔Fidelity - ✔✔Keeping a promise to a patient about a specific treatment plan and
advocating for the patient's rights and well-being during the healthcare process
✔✔Autonomy - ✔✔The ability to make your own decision without being controlled by
anyone else
✔✔Justice - ✔✔Fair Selection
✔✔Justice - ✔✔Ensuring that research participants in a clinical trial are selected without
discrimination and that the risks and benefits of participation are distributed fairly among
diverse populatinos
✔✔Nonmaleficence - ✔✔Not harming
✔✔Beneficence - ✔✔Helping the patient is the goal
✔✔Beneficence - ✔✔Ensuring that participants in a medical study receive the best
possible care and protection of their well-being throughout the research process
