NUR 212 UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION GRADED A+
◉ Muscle relaxation and contraction... Answer: Due to flexors and
extensor muscles receiving excitatory or inhibitory impulses
(opposing signals for opposing actions of flexion vs extension)
◉ Muscle spasms. Answer: -Involuntary skeletal muscle contractions
-Often caused by overuse of skeletal muscle
-Usually localized to a specific muscle group
-Intense sudden onset of pain due to muscular contraction and eases
slowly after a few minutes
◉ Inflammation. Answer: -A nonspecific body response to antigens
and tissue injury; nonspecific = behaves the same
-Limits the spread of infection and releases substances that attract
phagocytes; initiates repair of the injured area
-A symptom - NOT a disease
◉ 4 Cardinal Inflammatory signs. Answer: -Swelling (edema)
-Pain
-Warmth
,-Redness (erythema, rubor)
◉ Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Answer:
Preferred drugs for mild to moderate pain, inflammation, and fever
◉ Corticosteroids. Answer: -Severe or disabling inflammation•
-High risk for serious ADEs if used long-term (only use 1-3 weeks,
then switch to NSAIDs)
◉ All first-generation NSAIDs are associated with an increased risk
of.... Answer: GI bleeding
◉ First-Generation NSAIDs. Answer: -Salicylates (asprin)
-Ibuprofen (including ibuprofen-like drugs)
◉ Second-generation NSAIDs. Answer: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)
inhibitors
◉ ASA indications. Answer: -Mild to moderate analgesia
-.Inflammatory disorders (Mild to moderate inflammation relief)
-Antipyretic
-Suppression of platelet aggregation (clot formation)
◉ Salicylism. Answer: Acute or chronic overdose of Aspirin
(Salicylate toxicity)
, ◉ Salicylism signs and symptoms. Answer: -CNS/ Respiratory
depression
-Hyperthermia
-Tinnitus (buzzing/ringing in ears)
-Confusion
-Hyperventilation
◉ Salicylism treatment. Answer: -Emesis
-Gastric lavage
-Alkalinization of urine is indicated
-Hemodialysis is severe
◉ Ibuprofen is an anti-inflammatory at... Answer: 400-800 mg per
dose in adults
◉ When using ibuprofen, 600 mg is evidence-based provide
comparable... Answer: Analgesia and anti-inflammatory effects to 800
mg WITH LESS ADVERSE EFFECTS AND RISK (kidneys, CV,GI)
◉ Acetaminophen (Tylenol). Answer: -No COX inhibition in
peripheral tissues (just CNS)
-No anti-inflammatory effects
-Do not exceed 4000 mg/24 hours (adult)
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION GRADED A+
◉ Muscle relaxation and contraction... Answer: Due to flexors and
extensor muscles receiving excitatory or inhibitory impulses
(opposing signals for opposing actions of flexion vs extension)
◉ Muscle spasms. Answer: -Involuntary skeletal muscle contractions
-Often caused by overuse of skeletal muscle
-Usually localized to a specific muscle group
-Intense sudden onset of pain due to muscular contraction and eases
slowly after a few minutes
◉ Inflammation. Answer: -A nonspecific body response to antigens
and tissue injury; nonspecific = behaves the same
-Limits the spread of infection and releases substances that attract
phagocytes; initiates repair of the injured area
-A symptom - NOT a disease
◉ 4 Cardinal Inflammatory signs. Answer: -Swelling (edema)
-Pain
-Warmth
,-Redness (erythema, rubor)
◉ Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Answer:
Preferred drugs for mild to moderate pain, inflammation, and fever
◉ Corticosteroids. Answer: -Severe or disabling inflammation•
-High risk for serious ADEs if used long-term (only use 1-3 weeks,
then switch to NSAIDs)
◉ All first-generation NSAIDs are associated with an increased risk
of.... Answer: GI bleeding
◉ First-Generation NSAIDs. Answer: -Salicylates (asprin)
-Ibuprofen (including ibuprofen-like drugs)
◉ Second-generation NSAIDs. Answer: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)
inhibitors
◉ ASA indications. Answer: -Mild to moderate analgesia
-.Inflammatory disorders (Mild to moderate inflammation relief)
-Antipyretic
-Suppression of platelet aggregation (clot formation)
◉ Salicylism. Answer: Acute or chronic overdose of Aspirin
(Salicylate toxicity)
, ◉ Salicylism signs and symptoms. Answer: -CNS/ Respiratory
depression
-Hyperthermia
-Tinnitus (buzzing/ringing in ears)
-Confusion
-Hyperventilation
◉ Salicylism treatment. Answer: -Emesis
-Gastric lavage
-Alkalinization of urine is indicated
-Hemodialysis is severe
◉ Ibuprofen is an anti-inflammatory at... Answer: 400-800 mg per
dose in adults
◉ When using ibuprofen, 600 mg is evidence-based provide
comparable... Answer: Analgesia and anti-inflammatory effects to 800
mg WITH LESS ADVERSE EFFECTS AND RISK (kidneys, CV,GI)
◉ Acetaminophen (Tylenol). Answer: -No COX inhibition in
peripheral tissues (just CNS)
-No anti-inflammatory effects
-Do not exceed 4000 mg/24 hours (adult)
