DEOMI EOAC - Exam 5 – Review
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Ethics - CORRECT ANSWER ...
What term describes our conceptions of what is good or bad, desirable or not, proper or improper? -
CORRECT ANSWER Values are our conceptions of what is good or bad, desirable or not,
proper or improper
(Schaefer, 2008).
They include personal values, socially accepted values, and military values.
Different groups of people uphold different values.
List the five categories into which values can be place. - CORRECT ANSWER Values
categories
a. Personal: Family, environment, and nation.
b. Social: Developed early in life; put the rights of wider groups of people first.
c. Political: Beliefs about the best way to govern a country or organization.
d. Economic: Focus on money. Examples include equal employment, economic stability, property
ownership, and taxes.
e. Religious: Ethical principles founded in religious traditions, texts, and beliefs. Religious-
based values (ethics) are based on scripture and a religion's established norms.
,What is the definition of morals? - CORRECT ANSWER Morals reflect beliefs about right and
wrong conduct (Agnes & Guralnik, 2006), what to do
in light of values.
True or False. A person's ethics are based on their values and morals, or on the values and morals set
by society. - CORRECT ANSWER True
Ethics is the standard of conduct governing an individual or an organization (Nelson &
Trevino, 2007) and developed through continual reflection of right and wrong.
Ethics is based on individual values and morals, or the values and morals set by society.
Ethics encompasses two concepts:
a. What is the right conduct for me?
b. What is the right conduct for others?
What are the three principal difficulties with goal-based ethics? - CORRECT ANSWER Goal-
Based Ethics
a. Definition: Centered on either an outcome-based ethical ideal or the idea that by making ethical
decisions, you enjoy some greater benefit.
b. Three principal difficulties with goal-based ethics:
1) Who determines whose good is the good? Those with the greatest numbers? Those possessing the
greatest rank and power?
2) One cannot know if one has done the right thing until the action is completed.
3) The moral life is full of uncertainties, and we can make mistakes about our
predictions and decisions. Do the ends justify the means?
, When making moral decisions, what is the focus of principle-based ethics? - CORRECT ANSWER
Principle-Based Ethics
a. Definition: Focuses on theories of the importance of general principles, such as respect for
autonomy, beneficence/non-maleficence, and justice.
b. Involve making decisions founded on principles (philosophy, beliefs, doctrine, etc.) and sense of
duty. Intentions should be of primary importance, not the consequences.
c. May result in consequences that are difficult to live with. Example: Lying to save a life.
d. Very difficult way of life. Example: Choosing to tell a would-be murderer a lie about the
whereabouts of a murderer's intended victim, even if we believe lying to be wrong, rather than telling
the murderer the location of the intended victim because being honest is
always the right thing to do.
What is the first step in ethical decision making? - CORRECT ANSWER E. Ethical Decision-
Making
1. Find the facts. What are the specific details?
2. List the benefits and harms.
a. Consider the potential solutions and their effects.
b. What course of action produces these?
c. Which alternative will lead to the best overall results?
3. Identify which course of action treats everyone fairly.
Can there be a morally justifiable reason to not act in a fair manner?
4. Identify the principles involved.
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Ethics - CORRECT ANSWER ...
What term describes our conceptions of what is good or bad, desirable or not, proper or improper? -
CORRECT ANSWER Values are our conceptions of what is good or bad, desirable or not,
proper or improper
(Schaefer, 2008).
They include personal values, socially accepted values, and military values.
Different groups of people uphold different values.
List the five categories into which values can be place. - CORRECT ANSWER Values
categories
a. Personal: Family, environment, and nation.
b. Social: Developed early in life; put the rights of wider groups of people first.
c. Political: Beliefs about the best way to govern a country or organization.
d. Economic: Focus on money. Examples include equal employment, economic stability, property
ownership, and taxes.
e. Religious: Ethical principles founded in religious traditions, texts, and beliefs. Religious-
based values (ethics) are based on scripture and a religion's established norms.
,What is the definition of morals? - CORRECT ANSWER Morals reflect beliefs about right and
wrong conduct (Agnes & Guralnik, 2006), what to do
in light of values.
True or False. A person's ethics are based on their values and morals, or on the values and morals set
by society. - CORRECT ANSWER True
Ethics is the standard of conduct governing an individual or an organization (Nelson &
Trevino, 2007) and developed through continual reflection of right and wrong.
Ethics is based on individual values and morals, or the values and morals set by society.
Ethics encompasses two concepts:
a. What is the right conduct for me?
b. What is the right conduct for others?
What are the three principal difficulties with goal-based ethics? - CORRECT ANSWER Goal-
Based Ethics
a. Definition: Centered on either an outcome-based ethical ideal or the idea that by making ethical
decisions, you enjoy some greater benefit.
b. Three principal difficulties with goal-based ethics:
1) Who determines whose good is the good? Those with the greatest numbers? Those possessing the
greatest rank and power?
2) One cannot know if one has done the right thing until the action is completed.
3) The moral life is full of uncertainties, and we can make mistakes about our
predictions and decisions. Do the ends justify the means?
, When making moral decisions, what is the focus of principle-based ethics? - CORRECT ANSWER
Principle-Based Ethics
a. Definition: Focuses on theories of the importance of general principles, such as respect for
autonomy, beneficence/non-maleficence, and justice.
b. Involve making decisions founded on principles (philosophy, beliefs, doctrine, etc.) and sense of
duty. Intentions should be of primary importance, not the consequences.
c. May result in consequences that are difficult to live with. Example: Lying to save a life.
d. Very difficult way of life. Example: Choosing to tell a would-be murderer a lie about the
whereabouts of a murderer's intended victim, even if we believe lying to be wrong, rather than telling
the murderer the location of the intended victim because being honest is
always the right thing to do.
What is the first step in ethical decision making? - CORRECT ANSWER E. Ethical Decision-
Making
1. Find the facts. What are the specific details?
2. List the benefits and harms.
a. Consider the potential solutions and their effects.
b. What course of action produces these?
c. Which alternative will lead to the best overall results?
3. Identify which course of action treats everyone fairly.
Can there be a morally justifiable reason to not act in a fair manner?
4. Identify the principles involved.
