EMS 1021 COURSE ACTUAL EXAM
PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ What are the key terms introduced in Chapter 2 of EMT wellness?.
Answer: Key terms include stress reactions, critical incident stress
management, personal protective equipment, and standard precautions.
◍ What are the stages of grief?.
Answer: The stages of grief include denial, anger, bargaining, depression,
and acceptance.
◍ Hepatitis B: physical problem:.
Answer: viral infection causing inflammation of the liver
◍ Hepatitis B: method of transmission:.
Answer: blood, semen, vaginal fluid, needlestick, transplacental, human
bite, sexual contact
◍ Hepatitis B: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: fatigue, fever, loss of appetite, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain,
dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes); may
be asymptomatic
◍ Hepatitis C: physical problem:.
Answer: viral infection causing chronic liver disease and inflammation
◍ Hepatitis C: method of transmission:.
Answer: blood, semen, vaginal fluid, needlestick, transplacental, human
bite, sexual contact
◍ What principles should be followed when interacting with patients and
families in death situations?.
, Answer: Principles include showing empathy, providing clear information,
and respecting the family's wishes.
◍ What are examples of stressful situations for EMS providers?.
Answer: Examples include dealing with traumatic injuries, witnessing death,
and responding to violent incidents.
◍ Hepatitis C: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: often asymptomatic; fatigue, joint pain, nausea, abdominal pain,
jaundice, dark urine; may progress to cirrhosis or liver cancer
◍ What are the characteristics of acute stress reactions?.
Answer: Acute stress reactions occur immediately after a traumatic event
and may include anxiety, confusion, and physical symptoms.
◍ Tuberculosis: physical problem:.
Answer: bacterial infection primarily affecting the lungs (can be systemic)
◍ What are delayed stress reactions?.
Answer: Delayed stress reactions occur days, weeks, or even months after a
traumatic event and may manifest as anxiety or depression.
◍ Tuberculosis: method of transmission:.
Answer: respiratory secretions, airborne or direct contact
◍ Tuberculosis: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: persistent cough (>3 weeks), hemoptysis (bloody sputum), chest
pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue
◍ What are cumulative stress reactions?.
Answer: Cumulative stress reactions result from prolonged exposure to
stressors and can lead to burnout and chronic health issues.
◍ What are signs and symptoms of stress reactions?.
Answer: Signs include irritability, insomnia, difficulty concentrating, and
physical symptoms like headaches.
◍ What lifestyle changes can help manage stress?.
Answer: Lifestyle changes include regular exercise, healthy eating, adequate
, sleep, and practicing relaxation techniques.
◍ HIV/AIDS: physical problem:.
Answer: viral infection that attacks the immune system (CD4 cells)
◍ HIV/AIDS: method of transmission:.
Answer: blood, semen, vaginal fluid, blood transfusion, needlestick,
transplacental, breast feeding
◍ How might friends and family respond to an EMT's work?.
Answer: Responses may include concern for the EMT's well-being,
misunderstanding of their experiences, or support.
◍ What changes in the work environment can help manage stress?.
Answer: Changes include providing mental health resources, promoting
teamwork, and ensuring adequate breaks.
◍ What is critical incident stress management (CISM)?.
Answer: CISM is a comprehensive system designed to help emergency
service personnel cope with stress after traumatic incidents.
◍ HIV/AIDS: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: early flu-like symptoms (fever, sore throat, rash); later stages
include weight loss, chronic diarrhea, opportunistic infections, night sweats,
fatigue
◍ What measures can protect against exposure to pathogens?.
Answer: Measures include using personal protective equipment, practicing
good hygiene, and following standard precautions.
◍ What are the types of pathogens that can cause diseases?.
Answer: Types include bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and helminths.
◍ Ebola: physical problem:.
Answer: severe viral hemorrhagic fever causing multisystem organ failure
◍ What are standard precautions?.
Answer: Standard precautions are guidelines to prevent the transmission of
infectious diseases, treating all blood and body fluids as potentially
, infectious.
◍ What personal protective equipment is used by EMS personnel?.
Answer: Personal protective equipment includes gloves, masks, goggles, and
gowns.
◍ Ebola: method of transmission:.
Answer: direct contact with blood or contact with body fluids
◍ Ebola: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: sudden fever, severe headache, muscle pain, weakness, vomiting,
diarrhea, abdominal pain, unexplained bleeding or bruising
◍ SARS: physical problem:.
Answer: viral respiratory illness causing severe lung infection
◍ SARS: method of transmission:.
Answer: respiratory airborne, direct contact
◍ SARS: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: high fever, chills, headache, dry cough, shortness of breath,
pneumonia, respiratory failure in severe cases
◍ What is the role of immunizations for EMTs?.
Answer: Immunizations help prevent the spread of infectious diseases and
protect the health of EMTs.
◍ West Nile Virus: physical problem:.
Answer: viral infection affecting the nervous system in severe cases
◍ West Nile Virus: method of transmission:.
Answer: bite of an infected mosquito, from pregnant woman to fetus, blood
◍ What are the risks associated with hepatitis B?.
Answer: Hepatitis B can lead to chronic liver disease and is transmitted
through blood and bodily fluids.
◍ West Nile Virus: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: often asymptomatic; fever, headache, body aches, joint pain, rash;
PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ What are the key terms introduced in Chapter 2 of EMT wellness?.
Answer: Key terms include stress reactions, critical incident stress
management, personal protective equipment, and standard precautions.
◍ What are the stages of grief?.
Answer: The stages of grief include denial, anger, bargaining, depression,
and acceptance.
◍ Hepatitis B: physical problem:.
Answer: viral infection causing inflammation of the liver
◍ Hepatitis B: method of transmission:.
Answer: blood, semen, vaginal fluid, needlestick, transplacental, human
bite, sexual contact
◍ Hepatitis B: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: fatigue, fever, loss of appetite, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain,
dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes); may
be asymptomatic
◍ Hepatitis C: physical problem:.
Answer: viral infection causing chronic liver disease and inflammation
◍ Hepatitis C: method of transmission:.
Answer: blood, semen, vaginal fluid, needlestick, transplacental, human
bite, sexual contact
◍ What principles should be followed when interacting with patients and
families in death situations?.
, Answer: Principles include showing empathy, providing clear information,
and respecting the family's wishes.
◍ What are examples of stressful situations for EMS providers?.
Answer: Examples include dealing with traumatic injuries, witnessing death,
and responding to violent incidents.
◍ Hepatitis C: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: often asymptomatic; fatigue, joint pain, nausea, abdominal pain,
jaundice, dark urine; may progress to cirrhosis or liver cancer
◍ What are the characteristics of acute stress reactions?.
Answer: Acute stress reactions occur immediately after a traumatic event
and may include anxiety, confusion, and physical symptoms.
◍ Tuberculosis: physical problem:.
Answer: bacterial infection primarily affecting the lungs (can be systemic)
◍ What are delayed stress reactions?.
Answer: Delayed stress reactions occur days, weeks, or even months after a
traumatic event and may manifest as anxiety or depression.
◍ Tuberculosis: method of transmission:.
Answer: respiratory secretions, airborne or direct contact
◍ Tuberculosis: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: persistent cough (>3 weeks), hemoptysis (bloody sputum), chest
pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue
◍ What are cumulative stress reactions?.
Answer: Cumulative stress reactions result from prolonged exposure to
stressors and can lead to burnout and chronic health issues.
◍ What are signs and symptoms of stress reactions?.
Answer: Signs include irritability, insomnia, difficulty concentrating, and
physical symptoms like headaches.
◍ What lifestyle changes can help manage stress?.
Answer: Lifestyle changes include regular exercise, healthy eating, adequate
, sleep, and practicing relaxation techniques.
◍ HIV/AIDS: physical problem:.
Answer: viral infection that attacks the immune system (CD4 cells)
◍ HIV/AIDS: method of transmission:.
Answer: blood, semen, vaginal fluid, blood transfusion, needlestick,
transplacental, breast feeding
◍ How might friends and family respond to an EMT's work?.
Answer: Responses may include concern for the EMT's well-being,
misunderstanding of their experiences, or support.
◍ What changes in the work environment can help manage stress?.
Answer: Changes include providing mental health resources, promoting
teamwork, and ensuring adequate breaks.
◍ What is critical incident stress management (CISM)?.
Answer: CISM is a comprehensive system designed to help emergency
service personnel cope with stress after traumatic incidents.
◍ HIV/AIDS: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: early flu-like symptoms (fever, sore throat, rash); later stages
include weight loss, chronic diarrhea, opportunistic infections, night sweats,
fatigue
◍ What measures can protect against exposure to pathogens?.
Answer: Measures include using personal protective equipment, practicing
good hygiene, and following standard precautions.
◍ What are the types of pathogens that can cause diseases?.
Answer: Types include bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and helminths.
◍ Ebola: physical problem:.
Answer: severe viral hemorrhagic fever causing multisystem organ failure
◍ What are standard precautions?.
Answer: Standard precautions are guidelines to prevent the transmission of
infectious diseases, treating all blood and body fluids as potentially
, infectious.
◍ What personal protective equipment is used by EMS personnel?.
Answer: Personal protective equipment includes gloves, masks, goggles, and
gowns.
◍ Ebola: method of transmission:.
Answer: direct contact with blood or contact with body fluids
◍ Ebola: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: sudden fever, severe headache, muscle pain, weakness, vomiting,
diarrhea, abdominal pain, unexplained bleeding or bruising
◍ SARS: physical problem:.
Answer: viral respiratory illness causing severe lung infection
◍ SARS: method of transmission:.
Answer: respiratory airborne, direct contact
◍ SARS: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: high fever, chills, headache, dry cough, shortness of breath,
pneumonia, respiratory failure in severe cases
◍ What is the role of immunizations for EMTs?.
Answer: Immunizations help prevent the spread of infectious diseases and
protect the health of EMTs.
◍ West Nile Virus: physical problem:.
Answer: viral infection affecting the nervous system in severe cases
◍ West Nile Virus: method of transmission:.
Answer: bite of an infected mosquito, from pregnant woman to fetus, blood
◍ What are the risks associated with hepatitis B?.
Answer: Hepatitis B can lead to chronic liver disease and is transmitted
through blood and bodily fluids.
◍ West Nile Virus: signs/symptoms:.
Answer: often asymptomatic; fever, headache, body aches, joint pain, rash;
