NUR 203/NUR203 Exam 1 V1 | Pediatric Nursing
Q&A with Rationale | Fortis College
1. A nurse is assessing a 12-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which developmental
milestone should the nurse expect the child to have achieved?
A. Walking while holding onto furniture
B. Building a tower of six blocks
C. Jumping in place with both feet
D. Tying shoelaces independently
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: By 12 months, infants typically achieve the milestone of cruising or walking
while holding onto furniture. Building a tower of blocks is usually expected around 18 to 24
months. Jumping and tying shoes are milestones for older children in the preschool and
school-age years.
2. According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, which task is primary for a
toddler aged 1 to 3 years?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Trust vs. Mistrust
D. Industry vs. Inferiority
,Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Toddlers are in the stage of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt as they strive for
independence and self-control. Trust vs. Mistrust occurs in infancy, while Initiative vs. Guilt
is for preschoolers. Successfully navigating this stage results in the virtue of will and self-
confidence.
3. A 4-year-old child is hospitalized and insists that his stuffed animal is ‘sad’ because it is left
alone in the room. The nurse recognizes this as which characteristic of Piaget’s preoperational
stage?
A. Object permanence
B. Animism
C. Conservation
D. Egocentrism
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Animism is the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities and
feelings. This is a common cognitive characteristic in the preoperational stage for children
aged 2 to 7. Understanding this helps the nurse provide developmentally appropriate care
for the preschooler.
4. Which pain assessment tool is most appropriate for a 2-month-old infant who has just
undergone surgery?
A. FLACC Scale
, B. Numeric Rating Scale (0-10)
C. Wong-Baker FACES Scale
D. Visual Analog Scale
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The FLACC scale (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) is an objective
behavioral assessment tool used for infants and non-verbal children. The Wong-Baker
FACES scale is typically used for children 3 years and older. The Numeric and Visual scales
require the patient to have self-reporting capabilities not present in infants.
5. A nurse is providing education to parents about preventing Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
(SIDS). Which instruction is most important?
A. Place the infant on their side for sleep
B. Place the infant on their back to sleep
C. Use soft pillows and quilts in the crib
D. Maintain a room temperature above 80 degrees
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The ‘Back to Sleep’ campaign is the most effective way to reduce the risk of
SIDS. Soft bedding and overheating are known risk factors and should be avoided. Placing
the infant on their side is no longer recommended as they can easily roll onto their
stomach.
Q&A with Rationale | Fortis College
1. A nurse is assessing a 12-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which developmental
milestone should the nurse expect the child to have achieved?
A. Walking while holding onto furniture
B. Building a tower of six blocks
C. Jumping in place with both feet
D. Tying shoelaces independently
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: By 12 months, infants typically achieve the milestone of cruising or walking
while holding onto furniture. Building a tower of blocks is usually expected around 18 to 24
months. Jumping and tying shoes are milestones for older children in the preschool and
school-age years.
2. According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, which task is primary for a
toddler aged 1 to 3 years?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Trust vs. Mistrust
D. Industry vs. Inferiority
,Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Toddlers are in the stage of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt as they strive for
independence and self-control. Trust vs. Mistrust occurs in infancy, while Initiative vs. Guilt
is for preschoolers. Successfully navigating this stage results in the virtue of will and self-
confidence.
3. A 4-year-old child is hospitalized and insists that his stuffed animal is ‘sad’ because it is left
alone in the room. The nurse recognizes this as which characteristic of Piaget’s preoperational
stage?
A. Object permanence
B. Animism
C. Conservation
D. Egocentrism
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Animism is the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities and
feelings. This is a common cognitive characteristic in the preoperational stage for children
aged 2 to 7. Understanding this helps the nurse provide developmentally appropriate care
for the preschooler.
4. Which pain assessment tool is most appropriate for a 2-month-old infant who has just
undergone surgery?
A. FLACC Scale
, B. Numeric Rating Scale (0-10)
C. Wong-Baker FACES Scale
D. Visual Analog Scale
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The FLACC scale (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) is an objective
behavioral assessment tool used for infants and non-verbal children. The Wong-Baker
FACES scale is typically used for children 3 years and older. The Numeric and Visual scales
require the patient to have self-reporting capabilities not present in infants.
5. A nurse is providing education to parents about preventing Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
(SIDS). Which instruction is most important?
A. Place the infant on their side for sleep
B. Place the infant on their back to sleep
C. Use soft pillows and quilts in the crib
D. Maintain a room temperature above 80 degrees
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The ‘Back to Sleep’ campaign is the most effective way to reduce the risk of
SIDS. Soft bedding and overheating are known risk factors and should be avoided. Placing
the infant on their side is no longer recommended as they can easily roll onto their
stomach.
