NUR 104/NUR104 Exam 1 V1 | Foundations of
Nursing Q&A with Rationale | Fortis College
1. A nurse is collecting data during the admission of a patient. Which of the following is
considered objective data?
A. The patient’s report of a headache.
B. The patient’s statement about feeling anxious.
C. The patient’s blood pressure reading of 140/90 mmHg.
D. The patient’s description of pain as ‘stabbing’.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Objective data are observable and measurable signs that can be seen, heard,
or felt by the nurse. A blood pressure reading is a measurable value obtained through
clinical measurement. Subjective data, such as pain descriptions or feelings of anxiety, rely
on the patient’s personal perception.
2. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following needs should the nurse
prioritize first?
A. Self-esteem needs
B. Physiological needs
C. Love and belonging needs
D. Safety and security needs
,Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs identifies physiological needs as the most basic
and essential for survival. These include oxygen, water, food, and elimination, which must
be met before addressing higher-level needs. In clinical practice, physical stability is always
the first priority in patient care.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a scheduled medication. Which ethical principle
is the nurse upholding by respecting the patient’s decision?
A. Autonomy
B. Justice
C. Beneficence
D. Fidelity
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of the individual to make their own decisions
regarding their healthcare. The nurse respects the patient’s self-determination even if they
disagree with the choice. This principle is a cornerstone of patient-centered care and
informed consent.
4. Which stage of the nursing process involves comparing the patient’s current health status
with the desired outcomes?
A. Assessment
B. Evaluation
, C. Implementation
D. Planning
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Evaluation is the final step of the nursing process where the nurse
determines if the goals and outcomes were met. During this phase, the nurse decides
whether to continue, modify, or terminate the plan of care. This step ensures that the
nursing interventions are effective and appropriate for the patient.
5. What is the primary purpose of the State Nurse Practice Act?
A. To define nursing salaries and benefits.
B. To provide a list of local nursing organizations.
C. To establish hospital policies and procedures.
D. To protect the public by defining the scope of nursing practice.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The Nurse Practice Act is a set of laws in each state that regulates the
practice of nursing to ensure public safety. It defines the legal boundaries of what a nurse
can and cannot do within their specific license level. Violation of these acts can lead to legal
action or loss of licensure.
Nursing Q&A with Rationale | Fortis College
1. A nurse is collecting data during the admission of a patient. Which of the following is
considered objective data?
A. The patient’s report of a headache.
B. The patient’s statement about feeling anxious.
C. The patient’s blood pressure reading of 140/90 mmHg.
D. The patient’s description of pain as ‘stabbing’.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Objective data are observable and measurable signs that can be seen, heard,
or felt by the nurse. A blood pressure reading is a measurable value obtained through
clinical measurement. Subjective data, such as pain descriptions or feelings of anxiety, rely
on the patient’s personal perception.
2. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following needs should the nurse
prioritize first?
A. Self-esteem needs
B. Physiological needs
C. Love and belonging needs
D. Safety and security needs
,Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs identifies physiological needs as the most basic
and essential for survival. These include oxygen, water, food, and elimination, which must
be met before addressing higher-level needs. In clinical practice, physical stability is always
the first priority in patient care.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a scheduled medication. Which ethical principle
is the nurse upholding by respecting the patient’s decision?
A. Autonomy
B. Justice
C. Beneficence
D. Fidelity
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of the individual to make their own decisions
regarding their healthcare. The nurse respects the patient’s self-determination even if they
disagree with the choice. This principle is a cornerstone of patient-centered care and
informed consent.
4. Which stage of the nursing process involves comparing the patient’s current health status
with the desired outcomes?
A. Assessment
B. Evaluation
, C. Implementation
D. Planning
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Evaluation is the final step of the nursing process where the nurse
determines if the goals and outcomes were met. During this phase, the nurse decides
whether to continue, modify, or terminate the plan of care. This step ensures that the
nursing interventions are effective and appropriate for the patient.
5. What is the primary purpose of the State Nurse Practice Act?
A. To define nursing salaries and benefits.
B. To provide a list of local nursing organizations.
C. To establish hospital policies and procedures.
D. To protect the public by defining the scope of nursing practice.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The Nurse Practice Act is a set of laws in each state that regulates the
practice of nursing to ensure public safety. It defines the legal boundaries of what a nurse
can and cannot do within their specific license level. Violation of these acts can lead to legal
action or loss of licensure.
