NF3 EXAM 1 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
What is the purpose of a Central Venous Access Device (CVC)?
Answer:
To provide access to large veins for medication administration, blood
transfusions, and fluid management.
Question:
What are the components of blood?
Answer:
Red blood cells (RBCs), plasma, platelets, and white blood cells (WBCs).
Question:
What are the indications for intravenous medications?
Answer:
Rapid medication effect, irritating solutions, parenteral nutrition, or when the
patient is NPO.
Question:
What are the classifications of surgeries?
Answer:
Minor (recover in hours) and Major (recover in days to weeks).
Question:
What are the indications for blood transfusions?
Answer:
To increase circulating blood volume after surgery, trauma, or hemorrhage.
Question:
What does NPO stand for in a medical context?
Answer:
Nothing by mouth; the patient is not allowed to eat or drink.
Question:
What is the purpose of periodic flushing with heparin in IV therapy?
Answer:
To maintain catheter patency and prevent clot formation.
Question:
What are the rights of medication administration in IV therapy?
Answer:
Right patient, right medication, right dose, right route, right time/frequency,
right reason, right documentation, right to refuse, right evaluation, and right
patient education.
Question:
What is the difference between valved and non-valved catheters?
, Answer:
Valved catheters have a mechanism that prevents backflow and do not require
clamping when not in use, while non-valved catheters require clamping.
Question:
What is an autologous transfusion?
Answer:
A transfusion using the patient's own blood collected prior to surgery.
Question:
What are the three types of blood transfusions?
Answer:
Autologous, allogeneic (from a donor), and directed (from a specific donor).
Question:
What is the role of platelets in the blood?
Answer:
To aid in clotting and stop bleeding.
Question:
What is the significance of the term 'bolus' in IV therapy?
Answer:
A bolus refers to administering a large volume of fluid over a short period of
time.
Question:
What are the potential complications of IV therapy?
Answer:
Infection, phlebitis, infiltration, and air embolism.
Question:
What is the purpose of using sterile water for injection (SWI)?
Answer:
To dilute medications or flush IV lines.
Question:
What is the importance of checking blood compatibility before transfusion?
Answer:
To prevent transfusion reactions that can be life-threatening.
Question:
What is the primary function of red blood cells (RBCs)?
Answer:
To transport oxygen throughout the body.
Question:
What does the term 'electrolytes' refer to in
the context of IV therapy?
Answer:
Minerals in the body that carry an electric charge, essential for various bodily
functions.
Question:
What is the significance of the superior vena cava in IV therapy?
, Answer:
It is a large vein where central lines are often placed to ensure effective
medication delivery.
Question:
What is the purpose of a preoperative assessment?
Answer:
To gather medical history and evaluate risk factors before surgery.
Question:
What is the recommended action if a patient has a hemoglobin level below 70?
Answer:
Do not infuse blood unless it is a last resort.
Question:
What is the role of osmosis in fluid balance?
Answer:
The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of
low solute concentration to high solute concentration.
Question:
What are the signs of a transfusion reaction?
Answer:
Fever, chills, rash, difficulty breathing, and back pain.
Question:
What is the purpose of using the smallest gauge and shortest length catheter?
Answer:
To minimize the risk of blocking blood flow and reduce mechanical phlebitis.
Question:
What is the purpose of IV fluids?
Answer:
To replenish body demands, maintain hydration, and provide blood, nutrition,
and medications.
Question:
What is a tunneled SC catheter used for?
Answer:
It provides long-term access for patients requiring several days of IV therapy.
Question:
What are the common sites for catheter insertion?
Answer:
External or internal jugular, subclavian, or femoral vein.
Question:
What is the significance of a Dacron cuff on a tunneled catheter?
Answer:
It acts as a barrier to infection by anchoring tissue growth around the site.
Question:
What should be assessed regarding the IV site?
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
What is the purpose of a Central Venous Access Device (CVC)?
Answer:
To provide access to large veins for medication administration, blood
transfusions, and fluid management.
Question:
What are the components of blood?
Answer:
Red blood cells (RBCs), plasma, platelets, and white blood cells (WBCs).
Question:
What are the indications for intravenous medications?
Answer:
Rapid medication effect, irritating solutions, parenteral nutrition, or when the
patient is NPO.
Question:
What are the classifications of surgeries?
Answer:
Minor (recover in hours) and Major (recover in days to weeks).
Question:
What are the indications for blood transfusions?
Answer:
To increase circulating blood volume after surgery, trauma, or hemorrhage.
Question:
What does NPO stand for in a medical context?
Answer:
Nothing by mouth; the patient is not allowed to eat or drink.
Question:
What is the purpose of periodic flushing with heparin in IV therapy?
Answer:
To maintain catheter patency and prevent clot formation.
Question:
What are the rights of medication administration in IV therapy?
Answer:
Right patient, right medication, right dose, right route, right time/frequency,
right reason, right documentation, right to refuse, right evaluation, and right
patient education.
Question:
What is the difference between valved and non-valved catheters?
, Answer:
Valved catheters have a mechanism that prevents backflow and do not require
clamping when not in use, while non-valved catheters require clamping.
Question:
What is an autologous transfusion?
Answer:
A transfusion using the patient's own blood collected prior to surgery.
Question:
What are the three types of blood transfusions?
Answer:
Autologous, allogeneic (from a donor), and directed (from a specific donor).
Question:
What is the role of platelets in the blood?
Answer:
To aid in clotting and stop bleeding.
Question:
What is the significance of the term 'bolus' in IV therapy?
Answer:
A bolus refers to administering a large volume of fluid over a short period of
time.
Question:
What are the potential complications of IV therapy?
Answer:
Infection, phlebitis, infiltration, and air embolism.
Question:
What is the purpose of using sterile water for injection (SWI)?
Answer:
To dilute medications or flush IV lines.
Question:
What is the importance of checking blood compatibility before transfusion?
Answer:
To prevent transfusion reactions that can be life-threatening.
Question:
What is the primary function of red blood cells (RBCs)?
Answer:
To transport oxygen throughout the body.
Question:
What does the term 'electrolytes' refer to in
the context of IV therapy?
Answer:
Minerals in the body that carry an electric charge, essential for various bodily
functions.
Question:
What is the significance of the superior vena cava in IV therapy?
, Answer:
It is a large vein where central lines are often placed to ensure effective
medication delivery.
Question:
What is the purpose of a preoperative assessment?
Answer:
To gather medical history and evaluate risk factors before surgery.
Question:
What is the recommended action if a patient has a hemoglobin level below 70?
Answer:
Do not infuse blood unless it is a last resort.
Question:
What is the role of osmosis in fluid balance?
Answer:
The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of
low solute concentration to high solute concentration.
Question:
What are the signs of a transfusion reaction?
Answer:
Fever, chills, rash, difficulty breathing, and back pain.
Question:
What is the purpose of using the smallest gauge and shortest length catheter?
Answer:
To minimize the risk of blocking blood flow and reduce mechanical phlebitis.
Question:
What is the purpose of IV fluids?
Answer:
To replenish body demands, maintain hydration, and provide blood, nutrition,
and medications.
Question:
What is a tunneled SC catheter used for?
Answer:
It provides long-term access for patients requiring several days of IV therapy.
Question:
What are the common sites for catheter insertion?
Answer:
External or internal jugular, subclavian, or femoral vein.
Question:
What is the significance of a Dacron cuff on a tunneled catheter?
Answer:
It acts as a barrier to infection by anchoring tissue growth around the site.
Question:
What should be assessed regarding the IV site?
