HESI LPN-TO-ADN ENTRANCE EXAM (2026/2027) LPN-TO-RN BRIDGE
PROGRAM ADMISSION ASSESSMENT MOBILITY EXAMS |
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+ | 300 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
RATIONALES
SECTION 1: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (Questions 1–50)
QUESTION 1:
Which structure in the heart is responsible for initiating the electrical impulse
that causes the atria to contract?
A) Atrioventricular (AV) node
B) Bundle of His
C) Purkinje fibers
D) Sinoatrial (SA) node
CORRECT ANSWER: D
RATIONALE: The SA node is the heart's natural pacemaker, located in the right
atrium. It generates impulses that cause atrial contraction. The AV node delays
impulses, the Bundle of His conducts to ventricles, and Purkinje fibers distribute
to ventricular muscle.
QUESTION 2:
A client is diagnosed with metabolic acidosis. Which organ system is primarily
responsible for compensating for this acid-base imbalance?
A) Cardiovascular system
B) Endocrine system
C) Respiratory system
D) Renal system
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: The respiratory system compensates for metabolic acidosis by
increasing the rate and depth of respirations (Kussmaul respirations) to blow off
CO2, which is acidic. This is a rapid compensatory mechanism.
1
,QUESTION 3:
The nurse is teaching a client about the functions of the liver. Which of the
following is a PRIMARY function of the liver?
A) Filtering waste products from the blood for excretion
B) Producing insulin to regulate blood glucose
C) Synthesizing clotting factors
D) Storing red blood cells
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: The liver synthesizes clotting factors (fibrinogen, prothrombin). The
kidneys filter waste; the pancreas produces insulin; the spleen stores RBCs.
xu
QUESTION 4:
Oxygenated blood is returned to the left atrium of the heart via which vessels?
A) Pulmonary arteries
B) Pulmonary veins
C) Superior and inferior vena cava
D) Aorta
CORRECT ANSWER: B
RATIONALE: Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left
atrium. Pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs; vena cava
return deoxygenated blood to the right atrium; the aorta carries oxygenated
blood away from the left ventricle.
xu
QUESTION 5:
The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are structural components of which
organ?
2
,A) Liver
B) Spleen
C) Kidney
D) Gallbladder
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are parts of the nephron, the
functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtration.
xu
QUESTION 6:
Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas to lower blood glucose levels?
A) Glucagon
B) Insulin
C) Somatostatin
D) Amylase
CORRECT ANSWER: B
RATIONALE: Insulin is produced by beta cells of the pancreas and facilitates
glucose uptake into cells, lowering blood glucose. Glucagon raises glucose;
somatostatin inhibits release of other hormones; amylase digests starch.
xu
QUESTION 7:
Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating balance, coordination, and
fine motor movement?
A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Brainstem
D) Hypothalamus
CORRECT ANSWER: B
3
, RATIONALE: The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements, maintains
balance, and
regulates muscle tone and fine motor skills. Cerebrum controls higher functions;
brainstem controls vital reflexes; hypothalamus regulates homeostasis.
xu
QUESTION 8:
The nurse is assessing a client's pupils. Which cranial nerve is responsible for
pupillary constriction?
A) Cranial Nerve II (Optic)
B) Cranial Nerve III (Oculomotor)
C) Cranial Nerve IV (Trochlear)
D) Cranial Nerve VI (Abducens)
CORRECT ANSWER: B
RATIONALE: The oculomotor nerve (CN III) provides parasympathetic fibers that
cause pupillary constriction (miosis). CN II is sensory for vision; CN IV and VI
control eye muscles.
xu
QUESTION 9:
Which of the following electrolytes is primarily found in the intracellular fluid?
A) Sodium
B) Chloride
C) Potassium
D) Calcium
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: Potassium is the primary intracellular cation, while sodium is the
primary extracellular cation. Chloride is mainly extracellular; calcium is mostly
in bones and extracellular fluid.
4
PROGRAM ADMISSION ASSESSMENT MOBILITY EXAMS |
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+ | 300 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
RATIONALES
SECTION 1: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (Questions 1–50)
QUESTION 1:
Which structure in the heart is responsible for initiating the electrical impulse
that causes the atria to contract?
A) Atrioventricular (AV) node
B) Bundle of His
C) Purkinje fibers
D) Sinoatrial (SA) node
CORRECT ANSWER: D
RATIONALE: The SA node is the heart's natural pacemaker, located in the right
atrium. It generates impulses that cause atrial contraction. The AV node delays
impulses, the Bundle of His conducts to ventricles, and Purkinje fibers distribute
to ventricular muscle.
QUESTION 2:
A client is diagnosed with metabolic acidosis. Which organ system is primarily
responsible for compensating for this acid-base imbalance?
A) Cardiovascular system
B) Endocrine system
C) Respiratory system
D) Renal system
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: The respiratory system compensates for metabolic acidosis by
increasing the rate and depth of respirations (Kussmaul respirations) to blow off
CO2, which is acidic. This is a rapid compensatory mechanism.
1
,QUESTION 3:
The nurse is teaching a client about the functions of the liver. Which of the
following is a PRIMARY function of the liver?
A) Filtering waste products from the blood for excretion
B) Producing insulin to regulate blood glucose
C) Synthesizing clotting factors
D) Storing red blood cells
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: The liver synthesizes clotting factors (fibrinogen, prothrombin). The
kidneys filter waste; the pancreas produces insulin; the spleen stores RBCs.
xu
QUESTION 4:
Oxygenated blood is returned to the left atrium of the heart via which vessels?
A) Pulmonary arteries
B) Pulmonary veins
C) Superior and inferior vena cava
D) Aorta
CORRECT ANSWER: B
RATIONALE: Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left
atrium. Pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs; vena cava
return deoxygenated blood to the right atrium; the aorta carries oxygenated
blood away from the left ventricle.
xu
QUESTION 5:
The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are structural components of which
organ?
2
,A) Liver
B) Spleen
C) Kidney
D) Gallbladder
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are parts of the nephron, the
functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtration.
xu
QUESTION 6:
Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas to lower blood glucose levels?
A) Glucagon
B) Insulin
C) Somatostatin
D) Amylase
CORRECT ANSWER: B
RATIONALE: Insulin is produced by beta cells of the pancreas and facilitates
glucose uptake into cells, lowering blood glucose. Glucagon raises glucose;
somatostatin inhibits release of other hormones; amylase digests starch.
xu
QUESTION 7:
Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating balance, coordination, and
fine motor movement?
A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Brainstem
D) Hypothalamus
CORRECT ANSWER: B
3
, RATIONALE: The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements, maintains
balance, and
regulates muscle tone and fine motor skills. Cerebrum controls higher functions;
brainstem controls vital reflexes; hypothalamus regulates homeostasis.
xu
QUESTION 8:
The nurse is assessing a client's pupils. Which cranial nerve is responsible for
pupillary constriction?
A) Cranial Nerve II (Optic)
B) Cranial Nerve III (Oculomotor)
C) Cranial Nerve IV (Trochlear)
D) Cranial Nerve VI (Abducens)
CORRECT ANSWER: B
RATIONALE: The oculomotor nerve (CN III) provides parasympathetic fibers that
cause pupillary constriction (miosis). CN II is sensory for vision; CN IV and VI
control eye muscles.
xu
QUESTION 9:
Which of the following electrolytes is primarily found in the intracellular fluid?
A) Sodium
B) Chloride
C) Potassium
D) Calcium
CORRECT ANSWER: C
RATIONALE: Potassium is the primary intracellular cation, while sodium is the
primary extracellular cation. Chloride is mainly extracellular; calcium is mostly
in bones and extracellular fluid.
4
