TTU NS 1410 FINAL EXAM – TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & REVIEW 2026/2027
Macronutrients and their function - ✔✔(1) Protein, Carbohydrate, Fat (Lipid), Water. (2) Provides
energy, Maintain and repair body tissue, Support the growth of new body tissue.
Energy provided from each nutrient - ✔✔(1) CHO= kcal/gram (2) Fat=9kcal/gram (3) Protein=
4kcal/gram (4) Alcohol= 7kcal/gram
Water Soluble Vitamins - ✔✔B vitamins, Vitamin C
Fat Soluble Vitamins - ✔✔A, D, E, and K (KADE)
RDA - ✔✔Recommended Dietary Allowance
What is RDA used for? - ✔✔(1) Are recommendations, not minimum requirements (2) Offer a
substantial margin of safety (less true for energy) (3) Guide for healthy people (4) Based on large body of
scientific and experimental data
AMDR (Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges) - ✔✔Describes the portion (or %) of the energy
intake that should come from each macronutrient
AMDR for Carbohydrates - ✔✔45-65%
AMDR for Fat - ✔✔20-35%
AMDR for Protein - ✔✔10-35%
Recommended amounts of protein - ✔✔(1) .8 grams per kilogram of body weight (2) .36 grams per
pound
Role of Registered Dietitian - ✔✔Bachelor's in nutrition
Competition of supervised clinical experiences
Passing a national registration exam
Hospitals, clinics, nursing homes
Sports nutrition
Food-service management
Community and public health nutrition
Nutrition research
Guidelines for making health claims on products - ✔✔No health claim is allowed if more than 20% of
DV (daily value) for: total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium
Components and how to read a food label - ✔✔(1) Manufacturer's address
(2) Product name
(3) Net contents
, (4) Ingredients list (descending order by weight)
Serving size and servings
Must meet FDA
What foods require a food label - ✔✔(1) Nearly all packaged foods and processed meat products (2)
Fresh fruit (3) Veggies (4) Raw single ingredient of meat, poultry, fish are voluntary
Ways to eat out on a healthy diet - ✔✔(1) Consume smaller portion sizes (2) Select foods lower in fat
and added sugar (3) Select restaurants that serve more healthy foods (4) Avoid all you can eat buffets or
offers (5) Avoid appetizers
Parts of the GI tract and GI system - ✔✔(1) Mouth (2) Esophagus (3) Stomach (4) Small intestines and
large intestines (5) Rectum/anus
Major site of absorption - ✔✔Small Intestine
Belching (Digestive Disorder) - ✔✔is primarily caused by swallowed air, eating too fast, improperly
fitted dentures, and chewing gum
Heartburn (Digestive Disorder) - ✔✔is caused by hydrochloric acid in the esophagus
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - ✔✔painful persistent heartburn
GERD Causes - ✔✔(1) Hiatal hernia
(2) Cig smoking and alcohol use
(3) Being overweight
(4) Pregnancy
(5) Chocolate, citrus, spicy, or fried foods
(6) Large high fat meals
(7) Lying down too soon after a meal
Ulcers (Digestive Disorder) - ✔✔An area of erosion in underlying layers of cells in an area- often in the
stomach and duodenum
Cause of ulcers - ✔✔Hpyloric bacteria
Celiac Disease (Digestive Disorder) - ✔✔Damaged small intestine lining (decreased villi and enzymes)
Crohn's Disease (Digestive Disorder) - ✔✔Inflammatory bowel disorder disease that can affect any area
of the small intestine
Possibly cause can be immune reaction with a virus or bacteria
Ulcerative Colitis (Digestive Disorder) - ✔✔Chronic disease of the colon
Treatment for GERD - ✔✔Lose weight
Decrease the amount of fat in your diet
Sit up for at least 2 hours after eating
Eat small frequent meals
QUESTIONS & REVIEW 2026/2027
Macronutrients and their function - ✔✔(1) Protein, Carbohydrate, Fat (Lipid), Water. (2) Provides
energy, Maintain and repair body tissue, Support the growth of new body tissue.
Energy provided from each nutrient - ✔✔(1) CHO= kcal/gram (2) Fat=9kcal/gram (3) Protein=
4kcal/gram (4) Alcohol= 7kcal/gram
Water Soluble Vitamins - ✔✔B vitamins, Vitamin C
Fat Soluble Vitamins - ✔✔A, D, E, and K (KADE)
RDA - ✔✔Recommended Dietary Allowance
What is RDA used for? - ✔✔(1) Are recommendations, not minimum requirements (2) Offer a
substantial margin of safety (less true for energy) (3) Guide for healthy people (4) Based on large body of
scientific and experimental data
AMDR (Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges) - ✔✔Describes the portion (or %) of the energy
intake that should come from each macronutrient
AMDR for Carbohydrates - ✔✔45-65%
AMDR for Fat - ✔✔20-35%
AMDR for Protein - ✔✔10-35%
Recommended amounts of protein - ✔✔(1) .8 grams per kilogram of body weight (2) .36 grams per
pound
Role of Registered Dietitian - ✔✔Bachelor's in nutrition
Competition of supervised clinical experiences
Passing a national registration exam
Hospitals, clinics, nursing homes
Sports nutrition
Food-service management
Community and public health nutrition
Nutrition research
Guidelines for making health claims on products - ✔✔No health claim is allowed if more than 20% of
DV (daily value) for: total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium
Components and how to read a food label - ✔✔(1) Manufacturer's address
(2) Product name
(3) Net contents
, (4) Ingredients list (descending order by weight)
Serving size and servings
Must meet FDA
What foods require a food label - ✔✔(1) Nearly all packaged foods and processed meat products (2)
Fresh fruit (3) Veggies (4) Raw single ingredient of meat, poultry, fish are voluntary
Ways to eat out on a healthy diet - ✔✔(1) Consume smaller portion sizes (2) Select foods lower in fat
and added sugar (3) Select restaurants that serve more healthy foods (4) Avoid all you can eat buffets or
offers (5) Avoid appetizers
Parts of the GI tract and GI system - ✔✔(1) Mouth (2) Esophagus (3) Stomach (4) Small intestines and
large intestines (5) Rectum/anus
Major site of absorption - ✔✔Small Intestine
Belching (Digestive Disorder) - ✔✔is primarily caused by swallowed air, eating too fast, improperly
fitted dentures, and chewing gum
Heartburn (Digestive Disorder) - ✔✔is caused by hydrochloric acid in the esophagus
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - ✔✔painful persistent heartburn
GERD Causes - ✔✔(1) Hiatal hernia
(2) Cig smoking and alcohol use
(3) Being overweight
(4) Pregnancy
(5) Chocolate, citrus, spicy, or fried foods
(6) Large high fat meals
(7) Lying down too soon after a meal
Ulcers (Digestive Disorder) - ✔✔An area of erosion in underlying layers of cells in an area- often in the
stomach and duodenum
Cause of ulcers - ✔✔Hpyloric bacteria
Celiac Disease (Digestive Disorder) - ✔✔Damaged small intestine lining (decreased villi and enzymes)
Crohn's Disease (Digestive Disorder) - ✔✔Inflammatory bowel disorder disease that can affect any area
of the small intestine
Possibly cause can be immune reaction with a virus or bacteria
Ulcerative Colitis (Digestive Disorder) - ✔✔Chronic disease of the colon
Treatment for GERD - ✔✔Lose weight
Decrease the amount of fat in your diet
Sit up for at least 2 hours after eating
Eat small frequent meals
