NS 1325 FINAL EXAM – TTU TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & REVIEW 2026/2027
Cross-contamination - ✔✔ex. using the same knife to cut meat and veggies
placenta - ✔✔develops and provides nutrients to the fetus from the mother via the umbilical cord
pica - ✔✔craving a non-food item (i.e. clay or ice)
prolactin - ✔✔responsible for the synthesis of milk
biotechnology - ✔✔use of living things to manufacture improved foods and other products
subcutaneous adipose - ✔✔- insulate body against cold temperatures
- protects muscles and bones
central body obesity - ✔✔- cardiovascular and type 2 diabetes risk
- risk of death/chronic disease from all causes appears to be highest for individuals with central obesity
- > 40 inches in males, > 35 in females
Bariatric surgery - ✔✔limits the amount of food that can be eaten at one time
Set Point Theory - ✔✔- each person's weight stays within a small range (set point)
- body fat level is genetically determined
Binge-Eating Disorder - ✔✔lack of control during binging (eating too fast, too much, in private)
Strength (Resistance) Exercise - ✔✔- muscle mass and strength
- ex. pushups
Lactic Acid - ✔✔- anaerobic metabolism of glucose produces lactic acid
- pyruvate is converted to lactic acid
Saturated Fatty Acid - ✔✔- hydrogen atoms surrounding every carbon in the chain
- NO double bonds = all single bonds
Hyperglycemia - ✔✔HIGH blood glucose
Goiter - ✔✔- enlargement of the thyroid
- occur among populations with iodine-depleted soil
- iodide added to salt in U.S.
Pellegra - ✔✔- niacin deficiency
- the 4 d's: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death
Rickets - ✔✔- vitamin d deficiency
, - occurs in children
Folate Deficiency - ✔✔-Neural Tube Defects
-Macrocytic anemia
-Elevated homocystein
Neural Tube Defects - ✔✔Incomplete development of:
-Brain
-Spinal cord and/or
-Protective coverings for aforementioned organs
Salmonella - ✔✔- raw or undercooked meat, poultry, seafood, and eggs; raw seed sprouts, raw
vegetables, unpasteurized juice
- 6 hours to 2 days
- signs/symptoms: nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, headache, abdominal cramps, diarrhea
Human milk - ✔✔- rich source of lipids
- arachidonic acid and DHA are important for CNS development
Water - ✔✔water is needed to remove waste
Body mass index - ✔✔- relationship between body weight and risk of chronic health problems
associated with excess body fat
- (lbs / inches) x 703
- below 18.5 = underweight
- 18.5 to 24.9 = healthy
- 25.0 to 29.9 = overweight
- 30.0 to 39.9 = obese
- 40.0 and above = extremely obese
Thyroid gland - ✔✔- regulates the body's metabolic rate
Ghrelin - ✔✔- hormone from stomach
- stimulates appetite
- up when hungry, down when eating
Orlistat (Alli) - ✔✔- weight-loss medication
- reduces the amount of fat absorbed by digestive tract
Female athlete triad - ✔✔- eating disorder
- menstrual dysfunction
- osteoporosis
Steroid abuse - ✔✔one side effect: roid rage
Exercise recovery - ✔✔- replenishes glycogen stores in a few days after exhaustive physical activity
- can restore quickly after working out by drinking sports drinks or fruit juices and eating fruit
QUESTIONS & REVIEW 2026/2027
Cross-contamination - ✔✔ex. using the same knife to cut meat and veggies
placenta - ✔✔develops and provides nutrients to the fetus from the mother via the umbilical cord
pica - ✔✔craving a non-food item (i.e. clay or ice)
prolactin - ✔✔responsible for the synthesis of milk
biotechnology - ✔✔use of living things to manufacture improved foods and other products
subcutaneous adipose - ✔✔- insulate body against cold temperatures
- protects muscles and bones
central body obesity - ✔✔- cardiovascular and type 2 diabetes risk
- risk of death/chronic disease from all causes appears to be highest for individuals with central obesity
- > 40 inches in males, > 35 in females
Bariatric surgery - ✔✔limits the amount of food that can be eaten at one time
Set Point Theory - ✔✔- each person's weight stays within a small range (set point)
- body fat level is genetically determined
Binge-Eating Disorder - ✔✔lack of control during binging (eating too fast, too much, in private)
Strength (Resistance) Exercise - ✔✔- muscle mass and strength
- ex. pushups
Lactic Acid - ✔✔- anaerobic metabolism of glucose produces lactic acid
- pyruvate is converted to lactic acid
Saturated Fatty Acid - ✔✔- hydrogen atoms surrounding every carbon in the chain
- NO double bonds = all single bonds
Hyperglycemia - ✔✔HIGH blood glucose
Goiter - ✔✔- enlargement of the thyroid
- occur among populations with iodine-depleted soil
- iodide added to salt in U.S.
Pellegra - ✔✔- niacin deficiency
- the 4 d's: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death
Rickets - ✔✔- vitamin d deficiency
, - occurs in children
Folate Deficiency - ✔✔-Neural Tube Defects
-Macrocytic anemia
-Elevated homocystein
Neural Tube Defects - ✔✔Incomplete development of:
-Brain
-Spinal cord and/or
-Protective coverings for aforementioned organs
Salmonella - ✔✔- raw or undercooked meat, poultry, seafood, and eggs; raw seed sprouts, raw
vegetables, unpasteurized juice
- 6 hours to 2 days
- signs/symptoms: nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, headache, abdominal cramps, diarrhea
Human milk - ✔✔- rich source of lipids
- arachidonic acid and DHA are important for CNS development
Water - ✔✔water is needed to remove waste
Body mass index - ✔✔- relationship between body weight and risk of chronic health problems
associated with excess body fat
- (lbs / inches) x 703
- below 18.5 = underweight
- 18.5 to 24.9 = healthy
- 25.0 to 29.9 = overweight
- 30.0 to 39.9 = obese
- 40.0 and above = extremely obese
Thyroid gland - ✔✔- regulates the body's metabolic rate
Ghrelin - ✔✔- hormone from stomach
- stimulates appetite
- up when hungry, down when eating
Orlistat (Alli) - ✔✔- weight-loss medication
- reduces the amount of fat absorbed by digestive tract
Female athlete triad - ✔✔- eating disorder
- menstrual dysfunction
- osteoporosis
Steroid abuse - ✔✔one side effect: roid rage
Exercise recovery - ✔✔- replenishes glycogen stores in a few days after exhaustive physical activity
- can restore quickly after working out by drinking sports drinks or fruit juices and eating fruit
