PUBH 302 EVALUATION TEST QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔T or F: Consumers generally more comfortable seeking routine care in nontraditional
settings if the cost is less than it would otherwise be - ✔✔true; cost seems to be the
number one driving force for decisions
✔✔ Explain the term: social determinants of health - ✔✔the circumstances in which
people are born, grow up, live, work and age, and the systems put into place to deal
with illness
✔✔How do social determinants impact health outcomes? - ✔✔Social determinants, like
poverty, lack of education, and unequal access to healthcare can contribute to health
inequities
✔✔Describe the Tuskegee Study - ✔✔- Study conducted by US public health services,
working with the Tuskegee Institute
- Involved 600 black men (some with syphilis, some without)
- Researchers told the men they were being treated for bad blood, but the men did not
receive proper treatment to cure their illness
- This study continued for 40 years (1932-1972)
✔✔How did the Tuskegee impact research and practice? - ✔✔- Made people more
aware of the ethics in the study
- Created many of the current policies to study, like informed consent
- 1974 National Research Act - requires researchers to get voluntary informed consent
from all persons taking part in studies
✔✔What are ACEs? - ✔✔Experiences that children (0-17yrs) have that fall into the
following categories
- Abuse
- Neglect
- Household dysfunction
, ✔✔How can ACEs impact health outcomes? - ✔✔- early adversity has lasting impacts
- toxic stress from ACEs has direct effect on brain development
- Higher ACEs correlate to higher risks of injury, poor mental health, poor maternal
health, infectious disease, chronic disease, risky behavior, and lower opportunities
✔✔What are the prevention strategies for addressing ACEs? - ✔✔- strengthen
economic support to families
- promote social norms that protect against violence and adversity
- ensure strong start for children
- teach skills
- connect youth to caring adults and activities
- intervene to lessen immediate and long term harms
✔✔Describe major issues that make the health system a PH concern - ✔✔-
overmedication
- over treatment
- entrenched system
- reimbursement
✔✔Why does the US health care system cost so much compared to the rest of the
world? - ✔✔- misuse of ER
- reward doing more, rather than efficiency
- inappropriate care/tests
- defensive medicine
- malpractice costs
- greater use of high costs technology and procedures
- brand name drugs
- high costs of R&D
- price variations/lack of transparency
- high admin costs
- higher wages for providers
- limited competition
- middlemen
- profit
✔✔Describe characteristics of the non-elderly uninsured population - ✔✔- uninsured
rates among the non-elderly are higher in the south
- main reason for being uninsured is high costs
- barriers to healthcare among the non-elderly, such as no usual source of care,
postponed seeing care due to costs, went without needed care due to costs, postponed
getting needed prescription drug due to cost
✔✔Describe the approximate level and components of national expenditures for all
health activities - ✔✔??
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔T or F: Consumers generally more comfortable seeking routine care in nontraditional
settings if the cost is less than it would otherwise be - ✔✔true; cost seems to be the
number one driving force for decisions
✔✔ Explain the term: social determinants of health - ✔✔the circumstances in which
people are born, grow up, live, work and age, and the systems put into place to deal
with illness
✔✔How do social determinants impact health outcomes? - ✔✔Social determinants, like
poverty, lack of education, and unequal access to healthcare can contribute to health
inequities
✔✔Describe the Tuskegee Study - ✔✔- Study conducted by US public health services,
working with the Tuskegee Institute
- Involved 600 black men (some with syphilis, some without)
- Researchers told the men they were being treated for bad blood, but the men did not
receive proper treatment to cure their illness
- This study continued for 40 years (1932-1972)
✔✔How did the Tuskegee impact research and practice? - ✔✔- Made people more
aware of the ethics in the study
- Created many of the current policies to study, like informed consent
- 1974 National Research Act - requires researchers to get voluntary informed consent
from all persons taking part in studies
✔✔What are ACEs? - ✔✔Experiences that children (0-17yrs) have that fall into the
following categories
- Abuse
- Neglect
- Household dysfunction
, ✔✔How can ACEs impact health outcomes? - ✔✔- early adversity has lasting impacts
- toxic stress from ACEs has direct effect on brain development
- Higher ACEs correlate to higher risks of injury, poor mental health, poor maternal
health, infectious disease, chronic disease, risky behavior, and lower opportunities
✔✔What are the prevention strategies for addressing ACEs? - ✔✔- strengthen
economic support to families
- promote social norms that protect against violence and adversity
- ensure strong start for children
- teach skills
- connect youth to caring adults and activities
- intervene to lessen immediate and long term harms
✔✔Describe major issues that make the health system a PH concern - ✔✔-
overmedication
- over treatment
- entrenched system
- reimbursement
✔✔Why does the US health care system cost so much compared to the rest of the
world? - ✔✔- misuse of ER
- reward doing more, rather than efficiency
- inappropriate care/tests
- defensive medicine
- malpractice costs
- greater use of high costs technology and procedures
- brand name drugs
- high costs of R&D
- price variations/lack of transparency
- high admin costs
- higher wages for providers
- limited competition
- middlemen
- profit
✔✔Describe characteristics of the non-elderly uninsured population - ✔✔- uninsured
rates among the non-elderly are higher in the south
- main reason for being uninsured is high costs
- barriers to healthcare among the non-elderly, such as no usual source of care,
postponed seeing care due to costs, went without needed care due to costs, postponed
getting needed prescription drug due to cost
✔✔Describe the approximate level and components of national expenditures for all
health activities - ✔✔??
