ABQAURP QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔What is Cost of Non-Conformance? - ✔✔Calculating amount of money spent on
mistakes and subtracting what it would cost to do it right the first time
✔✔Quality Assurance role in Quality Management - ✔✔Addresses primarily negative
outcomes (sentinel events). Seeks opportunities for improvement by monitoring bad
events
✔✔Preferred method for analyzing a sentinel event: - ✔✔RCA - Root Cause Analysis,
including assessment of culture
✔✔Called either PI or QI: Quality Improvement role in Quality Management - ✔✔Seeks
opportunities to improve care by improving outcomes that are currently considered
satisfactory: getting better at what's already being done
✔✔CQI - continuous quality improvement role in Quality Management - ✔✔Builds on
previous improvements and uses a systematic process, including data analysis to
continuously enhance performance. E.g. repeatedly reducing turnaround times
✔✔TQM (Total Quality Management) role in Quality Management - ✔✔Encompasses
the first three approaches (QA, QI, CQI) and adds the dimension of organizational
improvement and a focus on customer desires
✔✔Credentialing role in Quality Management - ✔✔Assured the correct individual is put
in correct position. When only qualified competent individuals are involved; variances in
outcome may be reasonable investigated with the primary focus being on the
environment and systems in which qualified people work
✔✔Risk Management role in Quality Management - ✔✔Focus on preventing monetary
loss by eliminating negative outcomes
, ✔✔Utilization Review role in Quality Management - ✔✔Maine focus is on improving
already successful care by reducing the resources used to achieve the same results
✔✔Medical Records role in Quality Management - ✔✔They are a primary source of
information. Must be understood to be either good records of good care, bad records of
good care, good records of bad care, or bad records of bad care.
✔✔Infection Control role in Quality Management - ✔✔Focus on reducing risk of Future
infections
✔✔What is LEAN? - ✔✔Approach developed in Japan focused on analysis of
processes that produce outcomes and eliminating steps that do not "add value"
✔✔What is Six Sigma? - ✔✔Quality approach that uses data-driven information to
"eliminate defects", focusing not only on improvement no process flow but in reducing
process variation to achieve six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest
specification limit.
✔✔What is LEAN Six Sigma? - ✔✔Consists of five basic phases:
Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (aka follow-up). DMAIC
✔✔What should you think when you here terms "should, could, or would"? - ✔✔So
what? These terms are usually indications that the process may be getting off track.
These words often divert attention from the actual issues because they address
expected performance rather than the reality of the situation.
✔✔What was the first mainstream article arguing for a systems approach to safety? -
✔✔"Error in Medicine" by Lucien Leape in JAMA, December 1994
✔✔Who said "Physicians and Nurses must accept the notion that error is an inevitable
accompaniment of the human condition, even among conscientious professionals with
high standards. ERRORS MUST BE ACCEPTED AS EVIDENCE OF SYSTEM FLAWS
NOT CHARACTER FLAWS. Until and UNLESS that happens, it is unlikely that any
substantial progress will be made in reducing medical errors. - ✔✔Lucien Leap
✔✔What are the "two stories" in the aftermath of a medical accident? - ✔✔The first is
about the immediate details-who, what, when, where, why-and often focus on the
human error committed. Media coverage of "celebrated accidents" tends to focus on
telling the first story in simple and sensational detail.
The second story develops when investigation of the accident digs deeper into root
causes, which may reveal contributory conditions and decisions far removed from the
actual time and place of the event. Second stories promote understanding of the
underlying systems and unintended consequences that increase the hazards of already
complex medical domains.
✔✔What is Cost of Non-Conformance? - ✔✔Calculating amount of money spent on
mistakes and subtracting what it would cost to do it right the first time
✔✔Quality Assurance role in Quality Management - ✔✔Addresses primarily negative
outcomes (sentinel events). Seeks opportunities for improvement by monitoring bad
events
✔✔Preferred method for analyzing a sentinel event: - ✔✔RCA - Root Cause Analysis,
including assessment of culture
✔✔Called either PI or QI: Quality Improvement role in Quality Management - ✔✔Seeks
opportunities to improve care by improving outcomes that are currently considered
satisfactory: getting better at what's already being done
✔✔CQI - continuous quality improvement role in Quality Management - ✔✔Builds on
previous improvements and uses a systematic process, including data analysis to
continuously enhance performance. E.g. repeatedly reducing turnaround times
✔✔TQM (Total Quality Management) role in Quality Management - ✔✔Encompasses
the first three approaches (QA, QI, CQI) and adds the dimension of organizational
improvement and a focus on customer desires
✔✔Credentialing role in Quality Management - ✔✔Assured the correct individual is put
in correct position. When only qualified competent individuals are involved; variances in
outcome may be reasonable investigated with the primary focus being on the
environment and systems in which qualified people work
✔✔Risk Management role in Quality Management - ✔✔Focus on preventing monetary
loss by eliminating negative outcomes
, ✔✔Utilization Review role in Quality Management - ✔✔Maine focus is on improving
already successful care by reducing the resources used to achieve the same results
✔✔Medical Records role in Quality Management - ✔✔They are a primary source of
information. Must be understood to be either good records of good care, bad records of
good care, good records of bad care, or bad records of bad care.
✔✔Infection Control role in Quality Management - ✔✔Focus on reducing risk of Future
infections
✔✔What is LEAN? - ✔✔Approach developed in Japan focused on analysis of
processes that produce outcomes and eliminating steps that do not "add value"
✔✔What is Six Sigma? - ✔✔Quality approach that uses data-driven information to
"eliminate defects", focusing not only on improvement no process flow but in reducing
process variation to achieve six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest
specification limit.
✔✔What is LEAN Six Sigma? - ✔✔Consists of five basic phases:
Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (aka follow-up). DMAIC
✔✔What should you think when you here terms "should, could, or would"? - ✔✔So
what? These terms are usually indications that the process may be getting off track.
These words often divert attention from the actual issues because they address
expected performance rather than the reality of the situation.
✔✔What was the first mainstream article arguing for a systems approach to safety? -
✔✔"Error in Medicine" by Lucien Leape in JAMA, December 1994
✔✔Who said "Physicians and Nurses must accept the notion that error is an inevitable
accompaniment of the human condition, even among conscientious professionals with
high standards. ERRORS MUST BE ACCEPTED AS EVIDENCE OF SYSTEM FLAWS
NOT CHARACTER FLAWS. Until and UNLESS that happens, it is unlikely that any
substantial progress will be made in reducing medical errors. - ✔✔Lucien Leap
✔✔What are the "two stories" in the aftermath of a medical accident? - ✔✔The first is
about the immediate details-who, what, when, where, why-and often focus on the
human error committed. Media coverage of "celebrated accidents" tends to focus on
telling the first story in simple and sensational detail.
The second story develops when investigation of the accident digs deeper into root
causes, which may reveal contributory conditions and decisions far removed from the
actual time and place of the event. Second stories promote understanding of the
underlying systems and unintended consequences that increase the hazards of already
complex medical domains.
