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Pathophysiology Exam 3 Practice
Questions And Correct Answers
2026
A 56-year-old male presents with flank pain and polyuria. Tests reveal that he has
an enlarged prostate. Which of the following types of renal failure should the
nurse monitor for as it is the most likely to occur?
A. Prerenal
B. Intrarenal
C. Extrarenal
D. Postrenal - correct-answer - D
the patient will experience postrenal renal failure due to obstruction by the
prostate.
What if the test revealed acute tubular necrosis? intrarenal
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While turning a patient with chronic renal failure, which principle should the
nurse recall? Bone fractures are a risk factor in chronic renal failure because:
A. Calcium is lost in the urine
B. Osteoblast activity is excessive
C. The kidneys fail to activate vitamin D
D. Autoantibodies to calcium molecules develop - correct-answer - C
Hypocalcemia is accelerated by impaired renal synthesis of vitamin D
The combined effect of vitamin D deficiency can result in renal osteodystrophies
with increased risk for fractures.
A man was mildly confused, and his family brought him to adult day care during
the week. He was incontinent there every day until a nurse suggested that they
put a picture of a toilet on the bathroom door, and he became continent. What
incontinence is this? - correct-answer - Functional Incontinence
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A woman has a bladder infection and is distressed to have episodes of sudden
strong need to urinate that cause her to become incontinent. What incontinence
is this? - correct-answer - Urge Incontinence
A woman loses a small amount of urine involuntarily every time she sneezes.
What incontinence is this? - correct-answer - Stress Incontinence
A man with a caudal equine involvement in MS became incontinent when his
caregiver was late and was not available to assist with the morning
catheterization. What incontinence is this? - correct-answer - Overflow
Incontinence
A 50-year-old male is experiencing reflux of chyme from the stomach. He is
diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux. This condition is caused by:
A. Fibrosis of lower third of esophagus
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B. Sympathetic nerve stimulation
C. Loss of muscle tone at the lower esophageal sphincter
D. Reverse peristalsis of the stomach - correct-answer - C
GERD is due to a weak esophageal sphincter
A 22-year-old male underwent brain surgery to remove a tumor. Following
surgery, he experienced a peptic ulcer. His ulcer is referred to as a(n) _____ ulcer.
A. Infectious
B. Cushing
C. Ischemic
D. Curling - correct-answer - B
Cushing ulcer is a stress ulcer associated with severe head trauma or brain
surgery.
Curling ulcers develop secondary to burns.
Pathophysiology Exam 3 Practice
Questions And Correct Answers
2026
A 56-year-old male presents with flank pain and polyuria. Tests reveal that he has
an enlarged prostate. Which of the following types of renal failure should the
nurse monitor for as it is the most likely to occur?
A. Prerenal
B. Intrarenal
C. Extrarenal
D. Postrenal - correct-answer - D
the patient will experience postrenal renal failure due to obstruction by the
prostate.
What if the test revealed acute tubular necrosis? intrarenal
,2|Page
While turning a patient with chronic renal failure, which principle should the
nurse recall? Bone fractures are a risk factor in chronic renal failure because:
A. Calcium is lost in the urine
B. Osteoblast activity is excessive
C. The kidneys fail to activate vitamin D
D. Autoantibodies to calcium molecules develop - correct-answer - C
Hypocalcemia is accelerated by impaired renal synthesis of vitamin D
The combined effect of vitamin D deficiency can result in renal osteodystrophies
with increased risk for fractures.
A man was mildly confused, and his family brought him to adult day care during
the week. He was incontinent there every day until a nurse suggested that they
put a picture of a toilet on the bathroom door, and he became continent. What
incontinence is this? - correct-answer - Functional Incontinence
,3|Page
A woman has a bladder infection and is distressed to have episodes of sudden
strong need to urinate that cause her to become incontinent. What incontinence
is this? - correct-answer - Urge Incontinence
A woman loses a small amount of urine involuntarily every time she sneezes.
What incontinence is this? - correct-answer - Stress Incontinence
A man with a caudal equine involvement in MS became incontinent when his
caregiver was late and was not available to assist with the morning
catheterization. What incontinence is this? - correct-answer - Overflow
Incontinence
A 50-year-old male is experiencing reflux of chyme from the stomach. He is
diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux. This condition is caused by:
A. Fibrosis of lower third of esophagus
, 4|Page
B. Sympathetic nerve stimulation
C. Loss of muscle tone at the lower esophageal sphincter
D. Reverse peristalsis of the stomach - correct-answer - C
GERD is due to a weak esophageal sphincter
A 22-year-old male underwent brain surgery to remove a tumor. Following
surgery, he experienced a peptic ulcer. His ulcer is referred to as a(n) _____ ulcer.
A. Infectious
B. Cushing
C. Ischemic
D. Curling - correct-answer - B
Cushing ulcer is a stress ulcer associated with severe head trauma or brain
surgery.
Curling ulcers develop secondary to burns.
