BSN 266 HESI MED SURG PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+. 100% Verified
Solutions | Updated Per Latest Guidelines | Graded A+
Core Domains
Medical-Surgical Nursing: Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disorders
Medical-Surgical Nursing: Gastrointestinal and Renal Disorders
Medical-Surgical Nursing: Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Pharmacology and Medication Administration
Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
Perioperative and Postoperative Nursing Care
Infection Control and Safety
Nursing Leadership, Delegation, and Prioritization
Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Oncology and Hematology
This comprehensive practice assessment evaluates critical nursing knowledge and clinical decision-making skills
essential for safe, effective medical-surgical nursing practice. The examination assesses mastery of foundational
theory, applied professional knowledge, regulatory compliance, ethics, and professional standards through
,multiple-choice and scenario-based questions. Skills and knowledge assessed include pathophysiology recognition,
pharmacological interventions, patient monitoring, emergency response, and therapeutic communication.
Questions emphasize real-world application requiring critical thinking, prioritization, and evidence-based decision-
making in diverse clinical scenarios. The exam structure presents 100 multiple-choice questions with four options
each, simulating actual healthcare environments. Each question includes verified correct answers with detailed
rationales explaining clinical reasoning. This format prepares nursing students for professional certification,
licensure, and clinical competency validation.
SECTION ONE
Questions 1–100
Question 1
A client with chronic heart failure is receiving furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg IV daily. Which assessment finding
indicates the medication is having the desired effect?
A. Blood pressure increases from 110/70 to 130/80 mmHg
B. Urine output increases to 250 mL in 2 hours
C. Heart rate decreases from 100 to 80 beats per minute
D. Respiratory rate increases from 16 to 20 breaths per minute
🟢 Correct Answer:
,B. Urine output increases to 250 mL in 2 hours
🔴 RATIONALE:
Furosemide is a loop diuretic used to reduce fluid volume in heart failure. Increased urine output indicates the
medication is effectively promoting diuresis and reducing fluid overload. While blood pressure, heart rate, and
respiratory rate changes may occur, increased urine output is the most direct indicator of furosemide
effectiveness. The nurse should monitor intake and output, daily weights, and signs of electrolyte imbalance.
Question 2
The nurse is assessing a client who is 12 hours post-total knee replacement surgery. Which finding requires
immediate notification of the healthcare provider?
A. Pain rated 5 on a 0-10 scale
B. Temperature of 100.4°F (38°C)
C. Drainage of 30 mL from the surgical drain
D. Capillary refill of 2 seconds in the toes
🟢 Correct Answer:
B. Temperature of 100.4°F (38°C)
🔴 RATIONALE:
, A temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) in the first 24 hours postoperatively may indicate infection and should be
reported to the healthcare provider. Pain, drainage of 30 mL, and capillary refill of 2 seconds are expected
findings after total knee replacement. The nurse should continue to monitor vital signs and report any
significant changes.
Question 3
A client with diabetes mellitus type 2 is admitted with a blood glucose level of 650 mg/dL. The nurse should
monitor the client for which manifestation of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS)?
A. Kussmaul respirations
B. Fruity odor to the breath
C. Severe dehydration
D. Metabolic acidosis
🟢 Correct Answer:
C. Severe dehydration
🔴 RATIONALE:
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS) is characterized by severe hyperglycemia, extreme dehydration,
and hyperosmolarity without significant ketoacidosis. Kussmaul respirations, fruity breath odor, and metabolic
acidosis are more characteristic of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse should monitor fluid status, electrolyte
levels, and mental status in clients with HHS.
Solutions | Updated Per Latest Guidelines | Graded A+
Core Domains
Medical-Surgical Nursing: Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disorders
Medical-Surgical Nursing: Gastrointestinal and Renal Disorders
Medical-Surgical Nursing: Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders
Pharmacology and Medication Administration
Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
Perioperative and Postoperative Nursing Care
Infection Control and Safety
Nursing Leadership, Delegation, and Prioritization
Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Oncology and Hematology
This comprehensive practice assessment evaluates critical nursing knowledge and clinical decision-making skills
essential for safe, effective medical-surgical nursing practice. The examination assesses mastery of foundational
theory, applied professional knowledge, regulatory compliance, ethics, and professional standards through
,multiple-choice and scenario-based questions. Skills and knowledge assessed include pathophysiology recognition,
pharmacological interventions, patient monitoring, emergency response, and therapeutic communication.
Questions emphasize real-world application requiring critical thinking, prioritization, and evidence-based decision-
making in diverse clinical scenarios. The exam structure presents 100 multiple-choice questions with four options
each, simulating actual healthcare environments. Each question includes verified correct answers with detailed
rationales explaining clinical reasoning. This format prepares nursing students for professional certification,
licensure, and clinical competency validation.
SECTION ONE
Questions 1–100
Question 1
A client with chronic heart failure is receiving furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg IV daily. Which assessment finding
indicates the medication is having the desired effect?
A. Blood pressure increases from 110/70 to 130/80 mmHg
B. Urine output increases to 250 mL in 2 hours
C. Heart rate decreases from 100 to 80 beats per minute
D. Respiratory rate increases from 16 to 20 breaths per minute
🟢 Correct Answer:
,B. Urine output increases to 250 mL in 2 hours
🔴 RATIONALE:
Furosemide is a loop diuretic used to reduce fluid volume in heart failure. Increased urine output indicates the
medication is effectively promoting diuresis and reducing fluid overload. While blood pressure, heart rate, and
respiratory rate changes may occur, increased urine output is the most direct indicator of furosemide
effectiveness. The nurse should monitor intake and output, daily weights, and signs of electrolyte imbalance.
Question 2
The nurse is assessing a client who is 12 hours post-total knee replacement surgery. Which finding requires
immediate notification of the healthcare provider?
A. Pain rated 5 on a 0-10 scale
B. Temperature of 100.4°F (38°C)
C. Drainage of 30 mL from the surgical drain
D. Capillary refill of 2 seconds in the toes
🟢 Correct Answer:
B. Temperature of 100.4°F (38°C)
🔴 RATIONALE:
, A temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) in the first 24 hours postoperatively may indicate infection and should be
reported to the healthcare provider. Pain, drainage of 30 mL, and capillary refill of 2 seconds are expected
findings after total knee replacement. The nurse should continue to monitor vital signs and report any
significant changes.
Question 3
A client with diabetes mellitus type 2 is admitted with a blood glucose level of 650 mg/dL. The nurse should
monitor the client for which manifestation of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS)?
A. Kussmaul respirations
B. Fruity odor to the breath
C. Severe dehydration
D. Metabolic acidosis
🟢 Correct Answer:
C. Severe dehydration
🔴 RATIONALE:
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS) is characterized by severe hyperglycemia, extreme dehydration,
and hyperosmolarity without significant ketoacidosis. Kussmaul respirations, fruity breath odor, and metabolic
acidosis are more characteristic of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse should monitor fluid status, electrolyte
levels, and mental status in clients with HHS.
