OCN REVIEW TIPS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET
A+
✔✔A patient who does not speak English is eligible to participate in a phase II clinical
trial. The patient's grandson wishes to translate to obtain informed consent. Which of
the following actions would be most appropriate?
A. Allow the grandson to act as the interpreter.
B. Have an interpreter translate without the grandson present.
C. Have an interpreter translate with the grandson present.
D. Disallow the patient's participation because of the language barrier. - ✔✔C. Have an
interpreter translate with the grandson present
Without an interpreter present, obtaining an informed consent would be deemed
inappropriate. The literal meaning of the communication may not be ensured when
using a family member to interpret the information. It is recommended a professional
interpreter be used to facilitate the process.
✔✔A patient newly diagnosed with cancer experiences restlessness, insomnia,
diarrhea, heart palpitations, and irritability. The patient states he is nervous and jittery
and requests something for nerves. The nurse's best response is to:
A. tell the patient that treatment will begin at once.
B. instruct the patient to ask the physician for a sedative.
C. assure the patient that his reaction is typical to a diagnosis of cancer.
D. ask the patient to further explain his feelings. - ✔✔D. ask the patient to further
explain his feelings
There are several risk factors that are related to the development of anxiety. Before
treating anxiety, it is important to determine those situations that cause it. The nurse
should help the patient to identify the situations that cause the anxiety.
,✔✔While administering doxorubicin peripherally, a patient complains of itching at the
infusion site. The nurse observes red streaking along the vein with a blood return. The
nurse's initial response is to:
A. change the IV site.
B. continue administering the drug.
C. stop the infusion and instill an antidote.
D. stop the infusion and flush the line with saline. - ✔✔D. stop the infusion and flush the
line with saline.
A flare reaction is a local venous inflammatory response with subsequent histamine
release manifested by streaking or red blotches along the vein, but without pain. If it is
determined that the drug administered has not extravasated, then the infusion should
stop and the line should be flushed with saline, while watching for resolution of the flare.
✔✔A patient with a history of cardiac disease is being evaluated for chronic leukemia.
The patient reports tachycardia and dyspnea. A complete blood cell count with
differential is obtained. Which of the following findings would most likely indicate the
cause?
A. Hemoglobin level, 7.9 g/dl
B. Platelet count, 1000,000 mm3
C. White blood cell count, 2960 mm3
D. Absolute neutrophil count, 1700/mm3 - ✔✔A. Hemoglobin level, 7.9 g/dl
Anemia is defined as a reduction in the normal concentration of hemoglobin (Hgb) or
red blood cells in the blood. Severe anemia is defined as an Hgb level below 8 g/dl.
Clinical signs of severe anemia include: tachycardia, dyspnea at rest, angina,
headache, and dizzyness.
✔✔A patient with lung cancer is scheduled to receive her fourth dose of chemotherapy.
The patient tells the nurse that she has begun to experience nausea when driving to her
appointments. Which of the following types of nausea is the patient experiencing?
A. Acute
B. Delayed
C. Anticipatory
D. Breakthrough - ✔✔C. Anticipatory
Patterns of nausea and vomiting range in etiology and duration. Acute nausea and
vomiting occurs within several minutes to several hours after drug administration.
Delayed nausea and vomiting develops after more than 24 hours after drug
administration. Breakthrough nausea and vomiting occurs when preventative regimens
fail. Anticipatory nausea and vomiting is a conditioned response that occurs prior to the
administration of chemotherapy.
, ✔✔A patient with a history of ovarian cancer reports being bloated and feeling full and
vomiting after eating small amounts of food. The patient has noticed a 10 pound weight
gain over the last week and states she is eating less. The nurse instructs the patient to:
A. come to the clinic.
B. call if her ankles swell.
C. eat small, frequent meals.
D. report any further weight gain. - ✔✔A. Come to the Clinic
The incidence of bowel obstruction is reported between 5.5% and 42% of patients with
ovarian cancer. Signs and symptoms of bowel obstruction depend on the location of the
obstruction, and include vomiting, distention, colicky pain, and diarrhea. Medical
treatment of an intestinal obstruction consists of relieving the distention, correcting the
fluid imbalances, and removing the source of the obstruction.
✔✔During counseling, a patient with breast cancer asks the nurse, "After I finish
chemotherapy, how long should I wait to get pregnant?" The nurse's best response is:
A. "Infertility is a permanent side effect of your therapy."
B. "Pregnancy will increase your chance of recurrence."
C. "You should wait at least one year."
D. "No delay in necessary." - ✔✔C. "You should wait at least one year."
There appears to be no decrease in survival for women who become pregnant following
treatment. Further pregnancy may actually protect against recurrence. For those
desiring future pregnancies, it is recommended to wait one to five years following
cessation of all treatment.
✔✔The nurse informs a patient that a required premedication may cause drowsiness.
The patient requests that treatment be delayed so he can be alert enough to pray at
sunset. The nurse should:
A. assess to determine if a delay is permissible.
B. inform that the treatment cannot be delayed.
C. require that a waiver be signed to delay treatment.
D. delay the treatment for 24 hours. - ✔✔A. assess to determine if a delay is
permissible
Nursing should support spiritual or cultural practices that are not detrimental to the
patient's health.
✔✔Which of the following actions must be performed first when developing an
educational program?
A. Formulate criteria for evaluation
A+
✔✔A patient who does not speak English is eligible to participate in a phase II clinical
trial. The patient's grandson wishes to translate to obtain informed consent. Which of
the following actions would be most appropriate?
A. Allow the grandson to act as the interpreter.
B. Have an interpreter translate without the grandson present.
C. Have an interpreter translate with the grandson present.
D. Disallow the patient's participation because of the language barrier. - ✔✔C. Have an
interpreter translate with the grandson present
Without an interpreter present, obtaining an informed consent would be deemed
inappropriate. The literal meaning of the communication may not be ensured when
using a family member to interpret the information. It is recommended a professional
interpreter be used to facilitate the process.
✔✔A patient newly diagnosed with cancer experiences restlessness, insomnia,
diarrhea, heart palpitations, and irritability. The patient states he is nervous and jittery
and requests something for nerves. The nurse's best response is to:
A. tell the patient that treatment will begin at once.
B. instruct the patient to ask the physician for a sedative.
C. assure the patient that his reaction is typical to a diagnosis of cancer.
D. ask the patient to further explain his feelings. - ✔✔D. ask the patient to further
explain his feelings
There are several risk factors that are related to the development of anxiety. Before
treating anxiety, it is important to determine those situations that cause it. The nurse
should help the patient to identify the situations that cause the anxiety.
,✔✔While administering doxorubicin peripherally, a patient complains of itching at the
infusion site. The nurse observes red streaking along the vein with a blood return. The
nurse's initial response is to:
A. change the IV site.
B. continue administering the drug.
C. stop the infusion and instill an antidote.
D. stop the infusion and flush the line with saline. - ✔✔D. stop the infusion and flush the
line with saline.
A flare reaction is a local venous inflammatory response with subsequent histamine
release manifested by streaking or red blotches along the vein, but without pain. If it is
determined that the drug administered has not extravasated, then the infusion should
stop and the line should be flushed with saline, while watching for resolution of the flare.
✔✔A patient with a history of cardiac disease is being evaluated for chronic leukemia.
The patient reports tachycardia and dyspnea. A complete blood cell count with
differential is obtained. Which of the following findings would most likely indicate the
cause?
A. Hemoglobin level, 7.9 g/dl
B. Platelet count, 1000,000 mm3
C. White blood cell count, 2960 mm3
D. Absolute neutrophil count, 1700/mm3 - ✔✔A. Hemoglobin level, 7.9 g/dl
Anemia is defined as a reduction in the normal concentration of hemoglobin (Hgb) or
red blood cells in the blood. Severe anemia is defined as an Hgb level below 8 g/dl.
Clinical signs of severe anemia include: tachycardia, dyspnea at rest, angina,
headache, and dizzyness.
✔✔A patient with lung cancer is scheduled to receive her fourth dose of chemotherapy.
The patient tells the nurse that she has begun to experience nausea when driving to her
appointments. Which of the following types of nausea is the patient experiencing?
A. Acute
B. Delayed
C. Anticipatory
D. Breakthrough - ✔✔C. Anticipatory
Patterns of nausea and vomiting range in etiology and duration. Acute nausea and
vomiting occurs within several minutes to several hours after drug administration.
Delayed nausea and vomiting develops after more than 24 hours after drug
administration. Breakthrough nausea and vomiting occurs when preventative regimens
fail. Anticipatory nausea and vomiting is a conditioned response that occurs prior to the
administration of chemotherapy.
, ✔✔A patient with a history of ovarian cancer reports being bloated and feeling full and
vomiting after eating small amounts of food. The patient has noticed a 10 pound weight
gain over the last week and states she is eating less. The nurse instructs the patient to:
A. come to the clinic.
B. call if her ankles swell.
C. eat small, frequent meals.
D. report any further weight gain. - ✔✔A. Come to the Clinic
The incidence of bowel obstruction is reported between 5.5% and 42% of patients with
ovarian cancer. Signs and symptoms of bowel obstruction depend on the location of the
obstruction, and include vomiting, distention, colicky pain, and diarrhea. Medical
treatment of an intestinal obstruction consists of relieving the distention, correcting the
fluid imbalances, and removing the source of the obstruction.
✔✔During counseling, a patient with breast cancer asks the nurse, "After I finish
chemotherapy, how long should I wait to get pregnant?" The nurse's best response is:
A. "Infertility is a permanent side effect of your therapy."
B. "Pregnancy will increase your chance of recurrence."
C. "You should wait at least one year."
D. "No delay in necessary." - ✔✔C. "You should wait at least one year."
There appears to be no decrease in survival for women who become pregnant following
treatment. Further pregnancy may actually protect against recurrence. For those
desiring future pregnancies, it is recommended to wait one to five years following
cessation of all treatment.
✔✔The nurse informs a patient that a required premedication may cause drowsiness.
The patient requests that treatment be delayed so he can be alert enough to pray at
sunset. The nurse should:
A. assess to determine if a delay is permissible.
B. inform that the treatment cannot be delayed.
C. require that a waiver be signed to delay treatment.
D. delay the treatment for 24 hours. - ✔✔A. assess to determine if a delay is
permissible
Nursing should support spiritual or cultural practices that are not detrimental to the
patient's health.
✔✔Which of the following actions must be performed first when developing an
educational program?
A. Formulate criteria for evaluation
